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Exercise1:AnOverviewofArcMapandArcCatalogIntroduction:“ArcGISisanintegratedcollectionofGISsoftwareproductsforbuildingacompleteGIS.ArcGISenablesuserstodeployGISfunctionalitywhereveritisneeded—indesktops,servers,orcustomapplications;overtheWeb;orinthefield.”DesktopArcGISconsistsoftwomajorcomponents:ArcMap,whichallowsyoutodisplayandanalyzespatialdata,andArcCatalogwhichallowsyoutomanageyourfiles.Thefollowingexerciseprovidesstep-by-stepinstructionsfordoingbasictasksandsolvingsimpleproblemsinArcGIS.LifewithArcGISissimplerifyoukeepallofyourdatafilesinonefolder.IstronglyrecommendthatyouuseaflashdriveandcreateaCOS120folderonthedrive,andunderthatafolderforeachexerciseandoneforeachtwo-weekassignment. Flashdrive COS120 Exercise1 Exercise2 etc.Questionswillappearthroughoutthelab.Theseareintendedtomakeyouthinkaboutsomethingimportant.Procedures:ThinkofArcCatalogasawindowexplorer.InArcCatalog,youcanbrowse,organize,distribute,anddocumentyourGISdata.ArcCatalogresemblesMicrosoftWindowsExplorerbutisdesignedforviewinggeographicdatabases,maps,andmetadata.1. DownloadandextractthedataforExercise1fromtheclasswebsite
(http://umaine.edu/computingcoursesonline/cos120/).
2. FromtheStartmenu,selectPrograms->ArcGIS->ArcCatalog10TheArcCatalogwindowpopsup.Thewindowisdividedintotwoparts.Theleftpartisthecatalogtree,andliststheconnectionsyoucanmake.Therighthandsidehasthreetabs,Contents,Preview,Description.
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ConnecttoaFolder:
3. FindtheConnecttoFoldericononthetoolbaratthetop.Clickonthisbuttontoconnecttoafolder.NavigatetoyourCOS120,Ex_1folderandclickOKinthesmallpopupwindow
3. ThecontentsoftheEx_1folderaredisplayedinthepanelontheright.Youcanselect anyitemheretoseemoreinformationaboutthedatasetorthecontentofthefolderon therightsideofthewindow,byselectingafileintheCatalogTreeandthedifferenttabs intheright-handpanel.Theinformationmaynotbecompleteforallfiles,anissuethat willbeaddressedlaterinthecourse.
4. ExploretheEx_01dataset,andlookatthesymbologyintherightwindow.Thereare
a. ArcInfocoverages(notethefolders),b. agridfile(arasterdataset)
c. adbf(database)file,and
Up one level
Connect to folder
Disconnect folder
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d. shapefiles.
Notethedifferenticonsforthedifferentfiletypes.ArcInfocoverageareaproprietaryfiletype,andarecomposedofseveralfolders,eachcontainingmultiplefiles.Bocks_2000andwaterbodiesarepolygonfiles,streetsisalinefileandhospitalsisapointfile.Shapefilesareagenericfiletypeandconsistsofaminimumofthreefiles,eachhavingthesamefilenamewithadifferentextension.Thethreerequiredextensionsare:.shp(storesthegeometry),.shx(aspatialindexfile)and.dbf.(storestheattributetables).Penobscot_TownsandthePenobscot_Riverarepolygonfiles,railsisalinefileandschoolsisapointfile
5. Clickonthe+signnexttotheblocks2000layer.ThisArcInfocoverageiscomposedofanarcfile(line),alabelfile,apolygonfileandaticfile(point).Allcoveragesarecomposedof multiplefiles,andshouldonlybemanipulated(copied,movedorrenamed)inArcCatalog.
6. Nextselecttheschoolslayer.
a. VerifythattheContentstabisactive.Thiswindowdisplaysthenameofthe feature,itstypeandthumbnailifitexists. b. ClickthePreviewtab.ThePreviewwindowletsyoupreviewthedataset.Ifthe dropdownboxatthebottomoftheright-panelissettoGeography,youwill previewthemapfile.IfitissettoTable,youwillpreviewtheattributesofthe file. c. NowclickontheDescriptiontab.
7. ClickontheEditicon
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Thisallowsyoutocreateoralterthedescription.WhencreatingaGISproject,youshouldenteralloftherequiredinformation,toensuretheusefulnessoftheprojectovertime.
8. Previewthegeographyofapolygon,alineandapointfiletype.
ManagedatawithArcCatalog:ArcCatalogallowsyoutoperformdatamanagementtaskssuchascreatingnewfoldersanddoingcopyandpasteoperations,aswellasrenamingfiles.AlthoughyoucanperformtheseoperationsonshapefilesusingWindowsExplorer,coveragesandgeodatabasescannotbemanagedoutsideofArcCatalog..
1. Right-clickontheEx_01folderinyourdocumentsfolder.2. Right-clickonPenobscot_MCD(minorcivildivisions)andchooseRename.Renameitas
Penobscot_Towns.IntroducingArcMap:ArcMapisthemainapplicationfordatadisplay,dataquery,anddataoutput.YoucanworkwithArcCatalogandArcMaptogetherformovingdatafromArcCatalog.Youcan
launchArcMapfromtheStartmenu,orfromtheLaunchArcMapbuttoninArcCatalog.YoucanalsolaunchArcCatalogfromwithinArcMap1. LaunchArcMapandchoose“Anewemptymap”fromthedialogboxandclickOK.Thiswill
displaytheinterfaceoftheArcMapapplication.Atthetoppartofthewindowisamenubarandtwotoolbars.Atthelowerpart,ArcMapcomeswithtwopartsonthescreentheTableofContents(TOC)atleftandthedisplayareaatright.ThereareseveralimportantthingstoknowaboutArcMap:• First,associatedwithArcMapisatoolbar,whichincludessuchtoolsasZoomin,Zoom
out,Pan,SelectElementsandIdentify.
Atoolbarcanbemovedbygrabbingthe"perforations"onthefarleft,anmovingittothedesiredposition..ThisisanoptionwithallArcMaptoolbars.Whenyouholdthe
Zoom Tools Pan Zoom To Full Extent Select Element
Identify
Find
Pan Zoom Tools
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mousepointoveratool(agraphicicon),ashortmessagecalledaToolTipappearsinafloatingyellowboxtotellyouthefunctionofthetool.• Second,ArcMaphastwoviews:DataViewandLayoutView(thebuttonsforthetwo
viewsarelocatedatthebottomleftoftheviewwindow).TheDataviewisforviewingdata,whereastheLayoutviewisforviewingthemapproductforprintingandplotting.
• Third,ArcMaporganizesdatasetsintoframes.Whenyoustartanewproject,thereisadefaultdataframecalledLayers.Eachdataframecontainsdatasetsmadeofshapefiles,grids,andcoverages,andtospatiallyregisterthemwithoneanother,thesedatasetsshouldbebasedonthesamecoordinatesystem.However,ArcMaphastheabilityto“reprojectonthefly”aslongasthecoordinatesystemforthedatahasbeendefined.Ifoneormoreofthedatasetsinadataframedonothaveprojectioninformation,ArcMapwilldisplayawarningmessageaboutthemissinginformationandusethefirstavailableprojectioninformationforthedisplay.
• WheneveryouworkwithArcMap,youareworkingwithamapdocument.Amapdocumenthasthe.mxdfileextension.Thisisjustatextdocumentthattellsthesoftwarewhattoload.
ConnecttoYourExerciseFolder
1. ClickontheConnecttoFoldericon.NoticethattheiconisthesameasinArcCatalog.
2. NavigatetoyourEx_1folder.SettingtheWorkspace1. IntheGeoprocessingMenuselectEnvironments->Workspace2. ClickontheBrowsebuttonandconnecttoyourCOS120_Ex_1folder3. SetboththeCurrentWorkspaceandtheScratchWorkspacetoyourEx_1folder.Thisensuresthatanynewfileyoucreategetssavedinthatfolderandyouwon'thaveto"huntforit"later.Remembertodothiseachtimeyoustartanewproject.
Note:Itisagoodhabit,togiveyourprojectanameandsaveitassoonasyoustart.ArcMapdoesautomatic“saves”,ifthesoftwarestopsworkingandyouhavetorestart,itwillopentothestateofthelastsave.WhenyouexitArcMap,itautomaticallysavestheproject.Whenyoureopentheprojectitwillopentowhereyouleftoff
ExploreFeatureLayers:1. FromtheFilemenu,saveyourprojectwithanappropriatename.
Data Layout Refresh Pause View View View Drawing
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2. FromtheFilemenu,selectMapDocumentProperties,andputacheckmarknextto“StoreRelativePathnamestoDataSources”.
Note:ArcGISgenerallyprovidesmultiplewaysofaccomplishingasingletask.Youwillexperiencethisasweadddatatoyourproject.3. UsetheAddDatatooltoaddthefollowingdatasetstoyourmap(youcanaddthem
allatonce,byholdingdownthecontrolkeyasyouselectthem):• Penobscot_Towns• Waterbodies• Rails• Streets• Blocks_20004. YoucanalsoadddatabydragginganddroppingfromArcCatalog.ClickontheCatalog
tabontherightside.FindtheschoolslayerinArcCataloganddragittotheArcMapdisplay.
5. FromtheFilemenu,selectAddData>AddDataandselectthehospitalslayer.YoushouldnowhavesevenlayersdisplayedinArcMap.
6. ArcMapdisplayspointfilesontop,linefilesinthemiddle,andarea/polygonfilesonthebottom.Thebottomoneisdrawnfirst,andthetoponeisdrawnlast.Youcanarrangetheorderofthelayersbyclickingandholdingonthedatalayeranddragittotheplacewewant.VerifythattheDisplaytabatthebottomoftheTOCisactive.Dragtheraillayerbelowthestreetlayer.Putthewaterbodiesbelowthelinefeatures,followedbyPenobscot_Towns,thenBlocks_2000onthebottom.Hospitalsshouldbeontop,followedbyschools.
7. Clickonthecheckboxnexttothestreetslayer.Thedrawingisturnedonwhentheboxischecked,andoffwhenitisnot
DisplayaLayerUsingItsAttributes
1. Wewanttodisplaythewaterbodiesinalightbluecolorwithadarkeroutline.a. Todothis,left-clickontheboxwithfilledcolortobringupthesymbolselector
windowb. Scrolldowntofind“LakeBlue”c. Wewanttooutlinethelakewithadarkerblue.
i. ClickonthearrowtotherightoftheOutlinecolortorevealmorecolorchoices.
ii. Clickondarkblue.d. ClickOKtoapplythesecolorchanges.
2. Right-clickonthesymbolforschools.a. ChooseProperties>Symbology.b. Left-clickonthesymboltobringuptheSymbolSelector.c. ClickonStyleReferencesandplaceacheckmarkonArcGISExplorerandclickOK.
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d. Nowscrolldownandsearchfor“School”.e. Setthesymbolsizeto10.f. ClickOK.
3. Clickonthehospitalsymbolandsearchforhospital.a. ScrolldowntoCivicandselectHospital1b. Setthesizeto10.
4. Makethestreetseitheradarkgrayorblack.5. Usethearailroadsymbolforrailsandusethedefaultcolor.
WewanttodisplaythePenobscot_Townsinagraduatedcolorbasedonpopulation.6. Right-clickonthePenobscot_Townslayernameandchoosepropertiesfromthemenu.
a. ClicktheSymbologytab.b. Intheboxontheleft(labeledShow),clickQuantities->GraduatedColors.c. Usethedrop-downValueboxtochoosethefieldSumPOP00.d. UsetheColorRampdrop-downboxtochooseagreentcolorramp.ClickOKto
producethemap.
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IdentifyGeographicFeatures1. Youcanexamineaparticularfeature’sdatabyusingtheIdentifytool.2. UsetheZoomintoolanddrawaboxaroundsomebodyofwatertozoominonit.3. ClickontheIdentifytoolopentheIdentifyResultsdialogbox.OncetheIdentify
Resultsdialogboxhasopened,youcanswitchlayersbyfromthedropdownbox.ChangethelayertoPenobscot_Towns,andusetheIdentifytoolonthesamebodyofwater.
4. ChangethelayertoVisiblelayers(thesearethelayersthataredrawnon)andclickonthesamebodyofwater.
5. Clickonthe+signnexttoPenobscot_Towns.Q1. WhatistheadvantageofchoosingAllLayersasopposedtoaspecificlayer?6. ClosetheIdentifyResultsdialogbox.7. Zoomtofullextent.FindingGeographicFeaturesTheFindtoolisahandywaytoseekafeature.Itwilllookforfeatureshavingaspecifiedstringacrossallofthelayersinamaporinanindividuallayer.Itcanalsosearchallfieldsorconfinethe searchtoasingle field.1. Click
the Findtooltobring uptheFind
dialogbox.
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2. MakesuretheFeaturestabisclickedsothatitisactive.3. EnterthenamePushaw.ChooseeitherAllLayers(alllayerswillbesearched)or
waterbodies(onlythislayerwillbesearched).4. ClickFind.5. Whenthefeaturehasbeenfound,choosePushawLakefromthelistandright-clickonits
nameandchooseSelectfeature.Notewhathappens6. Right-clickagainandchooseZoomtofeature(s).7. Right-clickonceagainandchooseUnselectFeature.8. ClickontheZoomtoFullExtentbuttontoreturntothepreviousextent.9. Experimentwithfindingacoupleofmorefeatures.Whendone,clicktheCancelboxto
closetheFindwindow.ExperimentingwiththeZoomingButtons1. Uncheckthestreetslayersoitwillnotbevisible.2. ClicktheZoomIntool.Placethecursorintheupperlefthandcornerofoneofthe
towns)inPenobscotCounty(Penobscot_Towns)andclickandhold.Continueholdingthemousebuttondownanddragaboxaroundthetown.Whenfinishedwiththebox,letgoofthemousebutton.
3. ClickonthecornerofthePenobscot_Townsandnoticethattheviewzoomsinand
placesthepointyouclickedatthecenter.TheZoomOuttollworksthesameway.4. ClickonthePantool,thenclickanddisplayinsidethemapwindowtomovethe
maparound.Whenyoureleasethemousebutton,themapredraws.
TIP: If you do not like the area you have chosen, or if you make a mistake, click the Previous Extent button to return to the original extent. You can use the Next Extent to move back the other way.
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5. ClicktheZoomOutCenterbuttonafewtimestozoomout,noticethatthecenterstaysput.6. ClicktheZoomInCenterbuttonafewtimestoreversetheprocess.7. ZoomtoFullExtent.8. Putacheckmarknexttothestreetslayersoitwillbedrawn.
BookmarksBookmarksprovideahandywaytozoomintoextentsthatyouusefrequently,orthatyouwantotherstobeabletofindeasily.1. FindBangorinthePenobscot_Townslayerandzoomtothefeature.2. Fromthemenubar,selectBookmarksthenCreate.3. Type“Bangor”intheboxtonamethebookmark.4. ReturntoFullExtent.5. FromthemenuchooseBookmarks->Bangortousethenewbookmarktozoomin.6. UseBookmarks->Managetoexamineorremovebookmarks.ExamineotherAttributeInformation1. Right-clickonthePenobscot_TownslayerintheTOC,andchooseOpenAttributeTable.
TheattributetableassociatedwiththePenobscot_Townslayerdisplays.EachrecordrepresentsanindividualfeatureinthePenobscot_Townslayer.
Q2. Howmanyrecords/rowsarethereinthePenobscot_Townslayer?(Hint:Lookatthebottomofthetablewindow?)
Q3. Howmanyattributes/columnsarethereinthePenobscot_Townlayer?YoucanusetheStatisticscommandtocalculatebasicstatisticsaboutalloftherecords(ifnoneareselected),oroftheselectedrecords.2. Inthetable,right-clickonthenameoftheSum_POP00(populationin2000)fieldand
chooseStatisticsfromthecontextmenu.3. Examinethestatisticsandthefrequencydiagram.Q4.WhatwasthetotalpopulationofPenobscotCountyin2000?
4. Explorethebuttonsatthebottomoftheattributetable.Whenfinished,closetheattribute
table.5. Fromthemenubar,chooseSelection->SelectbyAttributes.UsetheQueryWizardto
“Createanewselection”onthe“Penobscot_Towns”layer.Createthefollowingquery:"NAME"='Bangor',bydouble-clicking“NAME”,single-clicking“=”anddouble-clicking“Bangor”.IfBangorisnotinitiallydisplayedinthelistofPenobscot_Towns,clickontheGetUniqueValuesbutton.ClickOK.TheselectedPenobscot_Townsishighlighted,butdependinguponwhereyouarezoomedin,itmaynotbevisible.
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FromtheSelectionmenu,chooseZoomtoSelectedfeatures,tozoomintoBangor.
6. OpentheAttributetableforPenobscot_Towns.Atthebottomofthetablewindow,chooseShowSelected.OnlytherecordforBangorwillbedisplayed.
Q5.WhatwasthepopulationofBangorin2000?7. ReturntoFullExtent,butleaveBangorselectedforthenextsection.Selectfeaturesusingspatialrelationships(thisisaSpatialQuery)WewanttoselectalloftheschoolswithinthecityofBangor.1. FromtheSelectionmenuchooseSelectbyLocation
a. SelectthefeaturesofSchoolsthatarecompletelywithinthefeaturesinthePenobscot_Townslayer.
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b. Checkthe“Useselectedfeaturesbox”.c. ClickOK.
2. Opentheschoolsattributetabletoseehowmanywereselected.3. ClickontheSelectedbuttontoseejustthelistofschoolsthatarewithinBangor.
Q6. Howmanyschoolswereselected?
4. HoldthecursorovertheiconsatthetopoftheattributetabletofindtheClearSelection
icon.Clickonitandclosetheattributetable.5. NextselecttheBlocks_2000thatarecontainedwithinBangor.6. ExaminetheStatisticsofthePOP00fieldoftheselectedrecords?Q7. Accordingtothistable,whatwasthepopulationofBangorin2000?
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Q8.Whymightthesameinformationintwodifferenttablesbedifferent?Q9.Howmightyoudeterminewhichvalueisthecorrectone,orifneitheriscorrect?7. FromtheToolBar,chooseClearSelectedfeaturestodeselectBangorandtheBlocksit
contains..8. ZoomtothefullextentLabelMapFeaturesandMapTips.Inthisstepwewilllabelfeaturesonamapandaddmaptips.Amaptipisawaytoseeattributeinformationaboutafeaturewhenyouputamouseoverafeature.1. IntheTOCright-clickonthePenobscot_TownsandchoosePropertiestobringuptheLayer
Propertiesdialogbox.2. ClickontheLabelstabtosetlabelingproperties.3. ChecktheLabelfeaturesinthislayerbox.4. Clickthedrop-downlistintheLabelFieldandchooseName,thevaluewewanttouseto
labelthefeature.Setthefontsizeto14.5. However,ifwelabelallofthePenobscot_Townswhenwearezoomedtofullextent,the
mapwillbeunreadable,sowewillsetthelabeltoonlybevisiblewhenwezoomin.a. ClickontheScaleRangebuttontoopentheScaleRangedialogboxb. Select“Don’tshowlabelswhenzoomed”c. Outbeyond1:500000.d. ClickOk.
6. ClickOK.7. Right-clickPenobscot_TownsagainandchooseLabelFeatures.8. Zoomintothemapuntilthelabelsappear.9. IfthelabelforBangorisnotvisible,itmaybenecessarytochangethecolorofthelabels.
a. RightclickonPenobscot_Townsb. ChooseProperties->Labels.c. ChooseadifferentcolorforthesymbolandclickOK.
Q10. Whatwasthescale(totherightoftheAddDatabutton)whentheybecamevisible?10. Zoombackouttofullextent.11. Right-clickwaterbodiesintheTOCandchooseProperties.IntheLayerPropertiesdialog
box,clicktheDisplaytab,thenchecktheboxnexttoShowMapTips.ClickOK.12. Moveyourpointeroveralakeontheassociatedmap13. NowthatyouhaveaddedMapTips,usetheFindtoolagainandFindNorthPenobscotin
thePenobscot_Townslayer.Onceithasbeenfound,right-clickonthename.ThistimechooseFlashfeature.
TIP: If the Show Map Tips text is dimmed in the Display Properties menu, then no spatial index exists for the data layer. Spatial indices must be created in ArcCatalog before Map Tips can be used.
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Q9.Whatdoyouobserve?14. Closethedialogbox.ScaleRangeScaleRangeisalayerpropertythatallowsadditionalcontrolofdisplayingfeatures.YouhavealreadyusedScaleRangetodetermineatwhatscalealabelwillbevisible.Youcanalsospecifyarangeofmapscalesatwhichthemaplayerisdrawn,toavoidclutteringthemapwithtoomuchinformation.TryitwiththeStreetsLayer.1. ReturntoFullExtentifnecessary.2. Right-clickontheStreetslayername(besurethatitischecked)andchoosePropertiesfrom
themenu.3. ClicktheGeneraltabifitisnotalreadydisplayed.4. Fillthebuttonnextto“Don’tshowlayerwhenzoomed:”andenterthevalue120000inthe
boxfor“outbeyond”.ClickOK.5. Noticethatthestreetshavedisappearedfromthemapandthecheckboxnexttothelayer
hasdimmed.6. UsetheBookmarktozoomintoBangorandthestreetsshouldreappear.Ifnot,usethe
Zoomtooltozoominuntiltheydoappear.7. Returntofullextent.
Settingdataframeproperties1. Right-clickonLayersandchoosePropertiestobringuptheDataFramePropertiesdialog
box.2. ClickontheGeneraltabtochangethedisplayunits.Themapunitsareindecimaldegrees,
sochangethedisplayunitstomiles.3. Also,changetheLayernametoPenobscotCounty.4. ClickOK.5. UsetheMeasuretooltofindthelengthofPenobscotCounty6. IntheMeasuredialogbox:
a. ClickontheLinebutton(1stbutton)andselect Distanceb. ClickontheChooseUnitsbutton(4thbutton)and selectDistance->Miles
Q11.Whatisthelength(northtosouth)ofPenobscotCountyinmiles(roundtothenearest wholemile?
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7. Double-clicktostopmeasuring.
CreatingaLayout1. ZoomintoBangoragain.2. FromtheViewmenuselectLayoutView.Changethesizeandplacementofthemapasyou
wish,byselectingitanddraggingthehandles.3. Besurethatyourmapisselected.FromtheInsertmenuselectNeatlineandPlacearound
selectedelements4. AgainfromtheInsertmenu
a. AddaLegend.DonotincludeBlocks_2000intheLegend,anddisplayyourLegendin2columns.
b. AddaScalebarandNorthArrowandanappropriateTitle.c. Addyournameandthedate.d. FromtheFilemenu,chooseExportMap.Exportyourmapasajpegandpasteitinto
yourReportSheet.Yourlayoutshouldbesimilartothefollowing.
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