Evolution of American Legal Topics Peter A. Hook, J.D., M.S.L.I.S. Electronic Services Librarian...

Evolution of American Legal Topics

Peter A. Hook, J.D., M.S.L.I.S.

Electronic Services LibrarianIndiana University School of Law—Bloomington

Doctoral StudentSchool of Library and Information ScienceIndiana University—Bloomingtonhttp://ella.slis.indiana.edu/~pahook

Metrics, Visualizations, and the History of a Discipline—the AALS Data

March 18, 2008 – Legal Education Lunch, IU School of Law

Archeology of the AALS ‘Canon’

LSAC Grant

• “The Production, Content and Consumption of Legal Scholarship: A Longitudinal Analysis”

• $160,000

• ILP Bibliographic Data (Index to Legal Periodicals) 1928 – Present

• AALS Directories 1922 - Present

• Linking Author Affiliation with Publications

• Correlation (if any) between rank of author’s institution and rank of journal in which published.

• Mobility Studies

• Growth Studies

• Subject Studies – advent of new subjects and changes in prominence over time.

LSAC Grant Team

Mark Newton

Co-PI’s• Bill Henderson – IU School of Law

• Funmi Arewa – Northwestern School of Law

• Ken Dau-Schmidt – IU School of Law

• Peter Hook – IU School of Law

• Andy Morriss – U. of Illinois College of Law

• Mark Newton – ImplemenTech, Inc. (Database Consultant) Back:  Ken Dau-Schmidt, Daniel Pierz (SLIS),

Kabara Korth, Peter Hook Middle: Amy Price (SLIS), Amy Ihnen (SLIS),

Vaughn GaniyuFront:  Caitlin Watt, Jeong Lee (SLIS),

Bill Henderson

Student Workers:(Summer 2007)

Available Information (Record)• Law Teachers by School

• 1922 to present.

• Universe of U.S. law professors through time.

• Mainstay of the harvesting of AALS directory information.

1922

Available Information (Record) Cont.

• Biographical Entries

• 1922 to present.

• Used to disambiguate names.

• Birth Date

• Degrees

• Past Employment

• Subjects (uncontrolled)

• Publications (skeletal)

1922

[

]

Available Information (Record) Cont.

• Teachers by Subject

• 1931 to present

• Controlled Subjects

• Some Syndetic Structure

• Bins as to Length of teaching

1931

All Information About One Individual

Bowman Harold M. Constitutional Law Over 10 Years

Bowman Harold M. Future Interests Over 10 Years

Bowman Harold M. Jurisprudence One to 5 Years

Bowman Harold M. Legal History One to 5 Years

Bowman Harold M. Personal Property Over 10 Years

Bowman Harold M. Real Property Over 10 Years

1931 1931

1931

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1922

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1923

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1924

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1925

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1926

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1927

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1928

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1929

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1930

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1931

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1932

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1933

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1934

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1935

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1936

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1937

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1938

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1939

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1940

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1941

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1942

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1946

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1947

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1948

Bowman Harold M. Boston University 1949

All Information About One Individual – Subjects

Bowman Harold M. Constitutional Law Over 10 Years

Bowman Harold M. Future Interests Over 10 Years

Bowman Harold M. Jurisprudence One to 5 Years

Bowman Harold M. Legal History One to 5 Years

Bowman Harold M. Personal Property Over 10 Years

Bowman Harold M. Real Property Over 10 Years

1931

1931

Subjects: Constitutional Law, Property I, II, and III, Jurisprudence and Legal History, Wills, Mortgages.

Controlled – (From the list of Teachers by Subject)

Uncontrolled – (From the Biographical Information)

All Information About One Individual

Hand Capture / Electronic

• Hand Capture 1922 to 1989.

• Negotiating with the AALS for 1990 to the present data. (They have this electronically).

• Currently capturing year 1983-84.

Entries in AALS Directory

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

1922

1924

1926

1928

1930

1932

1934

1936

1938

1940

1942

1948

1950

1952

1954

1956

1958

1960

1962

1964

1966

1968

1970

1973

1975

1977

1979

Year

Nu

mb

er o

f A

AL

S E

ntr

ies

Entries in the AALS Directory

Entries in AALS Directory

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

1922

1924

1926

1928

1930

1932

1934

1936

1938

1940

1942

1948

1950

1952

1954

1956

1958

1960

1962

1964

1966

1968

1970

1973

1975

1977

1979

Year

Nu

mb

er o

f A

AL

S E

ntr

ies

According to the most recent ABA statistics (2008):

Full Time + Part Time = 17,564

Full Time = 7,431

Entries in the AALS Directory

Indiana University Law Teachers in AALS Directory

IUB

IU Indy

Indiana University Law Teachers in AALS Directory

IUB

IU Indy

1967-1968 (© 1968) First year the schools are listed separately in the ‘Teachers by School’ tables.

17

24

IUB

IU Indy

1973 – First year Indy has more faculty members than IUB.

37

35

Indiana University Law Teachers in AALS Directory

10 Foot Spreadsheet Necessary to Understand Subject Relationships – What Became What When

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

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19

30

19

32

19

34

19

36

19

38

19

40

19

42

19

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19

46

19

48

19

50

19

52

19

55

19

57

19

59

19

61

19

63

19

65

19

67

19

69

19

70

19

72

19

74

19

76

19

77

19

79

19

81

19

83

19

85

19

87

19

89

19

91

19

93

19

95

19

97

19

99

20

01

20

03

20

05

20

07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

er

of

Su

bje

cts

Amount of ‘Controlled’ Subjects Over Time

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

96

1931

2007

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

19

30

19

32

19

34

19

36

19

38

19

40

19

42

19

44

19

46

19

48

19

50

19

52

19

55

19

57

19

59

19

61

19

63

19

65

19

67

19

69

19

70

19

72

19

74

19

76

19

77

19

79

19

81

19

83

19

85

19

87

19

89

19

91

19

93

19

95

19

97

19

99

20

01

20

03

20

05

20

07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

er

of

Su

bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

96Amount of ‘Controlled’ Subjects Over Time

1922 to

1930

1950 to

1961

1946

During these years, AALS Directories were published but did not include ‘Law Teacher by Subject’ tables.

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

19

30

19

32

19

34

19

36

19

38

19

40

19

42

19

44

19

46

19

48

19

50

19

52

19

55

19

57

19

59

19

61

19

63

19

65

19

67

19

69

19

70

19

72

19

74

19

76

19

77

19

79

19

81

19

83

19

85

19

87

19

89

19

91

19

93

19

95

19

97

19

99

20

01

20

03

20

05

20

07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

er

of

Su

bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

96

During the War Years (1943, 1944, & 1945) no AALS Directories were published.

Amount of ‘Controlled’ Subjects Over Time

Office Practice 11Legislation 11

Pleading 12Roman Law 13

Legal History 13Trade Regulation 15

Admiralty 19

Credit Transactions 17Jurisprudence 19

Equity Plead. & Pract. 20

Practice Court 29Fed. Jur. & Proc. 30

OTHER 93

Legal Ethics 31Int'l Law 32Taxation 36

Admin. Law 42Quasi-Contract 43

Damages 43

Legal Bib. & Res. 45Future Interests 46

Code Pleading 48

Bankruptcy 48

Municipal Corp. 52Suretyship 54Mortgages 56

Insurance 58

Common Law Pleading 60

Partnership 63Wills & Admin. 75

Dom. Relations 75

Agency 75Public Utilities 77

Personal Property 82

Sales 86

Practice 86

Conflict of Laws 87

Evidence 88

Trusts 89

Const. Law 89

Private Corp. 92

Bills & Notes 92

Torts 99

Contracts 99

Crim. Law & Proc. 103

Equity 104

Real Property 117

1931 AALS Teachers by Subject (58 Total Subjects)

Office Practice 11Legislation 11

Pleading 12Roman Law 13

Legal History 13Trade Regulation 15

Admiralty 19

Credit Transactions 17Jurisprudence 19

Equity Plead. & Pract. 20

Practice Court 29Fed. Jur. & Proc. 30

OTHER 93

Legal Ethics 31Int'l Law 32Taxation 36

Admin. Law 42Quasi-Contract 43

Damages 43

Legal Bib. & Res. 45Future Interests 46

Code Pleading 48

Bankruptcy 48

Municipal Corp. 52Suretyship 54Mortgages 56

Insurance 58

Common Law Pleading 60

Partnership 63Wills & Admin. 75

Dom. Relations 75

Agency 75Public Utilities 77

Personal Property 82

Sales 86

Practice 86

Conflict of Laws 87

Evidence 88

Trusts 89

Const. Law 89

Private Corp. 92

Bills & Notes 92

Torts 99

Contracts 99

Crim. Law & Proc. 103

Equity 104

Real Property 117

Bus. Organization 10

Comparative Law 10

Corporation Finance 9

Intro. to Law 9

Labor Law 9

Crim. Law Admin. 8

Patent Law 8

Mining Law 7

Oil & Gas 7

Water Rights 7

Ind. Relations 6

Air Law 3

OTHERS:

1931 AALS Teachers by Subject (58 Total Subjects)

Real Property

Equity

Crim. Law & Proc.

Contracts

Torts

Bills & Notes

Private Corps.

Const. Law

Trusts

Evidence Conflict of Laws

Practice Sales

Personal Property

Public Utilities

Agency

Dom. Relations

Wills & Admin.

Partner-ship

Comm. Law

Pleading

Insurance

Mortgages

Suretyship

Munic. Corps.

Bankruptcy

Code Pleading

Future Interests

Leg. Bib. & Res.

Damages

Quasi-Contract

Admin. Law

Taxation

Int’l Law

Legal Ethics

Fed. Jur. & Proc.

Practice Court

Admiralty

1931 AALS Teachers by Subject (58 Total Subjects)

The Top 34 Subjects by Number of Teachers

According to the most recent ABA statistics:

Full Time + Part Time = 17,564

Full Time = 7,431

Caveat 1: Figures are over-reported because of the duplication in listing people teaching classes as a seminar:

Caveat 2: In any given year, only a fraction of the teachers listed are actually teaching the subject. (*)

2007-08 Labor Law:

i.e. Labor Law is 7% over-reported.

52% of listed teachers self-reported as currently teaching the subject.

Shieber, Benjamin M., L.S.U.*(S)Shieber, Benjamin M., L.S.U.*

2007-08 AALS Teachers by Subject (96 Total Subjects)

The Top 34 Subjects by Number of Teachers

According to the most recent ABA statistics (2008):Full Time + Part Time = 17,564

Full Time = 7,431

The ‘Others’ (62 / 96)

Legislation 351

Corporate Finance 346

Antitrust 343

Creditors' & Debtors' Rights 334

Health Care Law 301

Land & Use Planning 295

Women & the Law 291

Law & Social Science 289

Law & Medicine 288

Law & Economics 273

Juvenile Law 268

Payment Systems 263

Real Estate Transactions 246

Computers & the Law 222

Local Government 221

Natural Resources 206

Regulated Industries 206

Welfare Law 205

Human Rights 200

Immigration Law 195

International Organizations 179

Estate & Gift Tax 178

Products Liability 176

Education Law 174

Taxation, Corporate 165

Insurance Law 160

Law & Science 143

Native American Law 143

Consumer Law 134

Appellate Practice 125

Communications Law 125

Law & Literature 124

Law & Psychiatry 119

Law Office Management 119

Sports Law 107

Legal Drafting 106

Tax Policy 97

Law & Accounting 91

Admiralty 90

Water Rights 90

Community Property 85

Financial Institutions 82

Bioethics 81

Entertainment Law 78

Military Law 78

Law & Religion 76

Elder Law 72

Employee Benefit Plans 70

Taxation, State & Local 68

Equity 63

Trade Regulation 47

Critical Race Theory 45

Oil & Gas 45

Workers' Compensation 38

Feminist Legal Theory 34

Government Contracts 31

Agricultural Law 25

Aviation & Space Law 22

Energy Law 14

Critical Legal Studies 9

Ocean Resources 9

Forensic Medicine 2

Property

Const. Law

Legal Res. & Writing

Clinical Teaching

Civil Pro.

Contracts

Torts

Bus. Assoc.

Prof. Resp.

Crim. Law

Int’l Law

Crim. Pro.

Evidence Trial Advoc.

Juris-prudence

Fed. Courts

Int’l Bus. Trans.

Commercial Law

Comparative Law

Family Law

Tax., Federal

ADR

Admin. Law

Estates & Trusts

Intel. Prop.

Civil Rights

Environ. Law

Legal Hist.

Crim. Justice

Employ. Discrim.

Conflict of Laws

Remedies

Sec. Reg.

Labor Law

Legis-lation.

Corp. Finance

Antitrust

Office Practice 11Legislation 11

Pleading 12Roman Law 13

Legal History 13Trade Regulation 15

Admiralty 19

Credit Transactions 17Jurisprudence 19

Equity Plead. & Pract. 20

Practice Court 29Fed. Jur. & Proc. 30

OTHER 93

Legal Ethics 31Int'l Law 32Taxation 36

Admin. Law 42Quasi-Contract 43

Damages 43

Legal Bib. & Res. 45Future Interests 46

Code Pleading 48

Bankruptcy 48

Municipal Corp. 52Suretyship 54Mortgages 56

Insurance 58

Common Law Pleading 60

Partnership 63Wills & Admin. 75

Dom. Relations 75

Agency 75Public Utilities 77

Personal Property 82

Sales 86

Practice 86

Conflict of Laws 87

Evidence 88

Trusts 89

Const. Law 89

Private Corp. 92

Bills & Notes 92

Torts 99

Contracts 99

Crim. Law & Proc. 103

Equity 104

Real Property 117

1931 AALS Teachers by Subject (58 Total Subjects)

Crim. Justice, 8

Intro. To Law, 9

Labor Law, 15Jurisprudence, 19

Admiralty, 19Intell. Property, 8

Nat. Resources, 7

Oil & Gas, 7

Legal Hist., 13Trade Regulation, 15

Corp. Finance, 9

Law Off. Mgmt., 11

Aviation & Space Law, 3

Water Rights, 7

Legis., 11

Trial Advocacy, 29

Comparative Law, 23

Federal Courts, 30Appellate Practice, 29

Prof. Responsibility, 31

Int'l Law, 32

Taxation, State and Local, 36

Business Associations, 240

Estates and Trusts, 210

Civil Procedure, 206

Property, 199

Commercial Law, 140

Equity, 124

Criminal Law, 103

Criminal Procedure, 103

Contracts, 99

Torts, 99Payment Systems, 92Constitutional Law, 89Evidence, 88Conflict of Laws, 87

Remedies, 86

Reg. Industries, 77

Family Law, 75

Creds.' & Debtors' Rights, 65

Insurance Law, 58

Real Estate Transactions, 56

Local Government, 52

Legal Res. & Writing, 45

Admin. Law, 42

Taxation, Federal, 36

1931 Teachers Cast by 2007-08 Subjects (46 Total)

Bus. Assoc.

Estates &

Trusts

Civ. Pro.

Property

Commercial Law

Equity

Crim. Law

Crim. Pro.

Const. Law

Evidence

Conflict of Laws

Remedies

Contracts Torts Payment Systems

Reg. Industries

Family Law

Creds.’ & Debtors’ Rights

Insurance Law

Legal Res. & Writing

Admin. Law

Tax. Federal

Real Estate Trans.

Local Govn’t

Tax, State & Local

Fed. Courts

App. Practice

Trial Ad.

Int’l Law

Admiralty

Legis.

•Agency

•Bus. Organization

•Partnership

•Private Corp.

•Future Interests

•Trusts

•Wills & Admin.

•Code Pleading

•Common Law Pleading

•Pleading

•Practice

•Real Prop.

•Personal Prop.

•Sales

•Suretyship

•Equity

•Equity Plead. & Practice

• Damages

• Quasi-Contract

(Bills & Notes)

• Bankruptcy

• Credit Transactions

•Comp. Law

•Roman Law

Comparative Area Studies

Bus. Assoc. Bus.

Assoc.

1931 (Adjusted) 2007-08 1931 (Adjusted) 2007-08

Const. Law

Const. Law

Criminal Subjects

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

Criminal Law

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1940-41:

• Criminal Law & Procedure are separated into different topics.

• Crim. Law Admin. is merged with Criminal Law.

Criminal Law

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1965:

• “Criminal Law (Includes

Crim. Law Administration)” • But see the transition from

1939-40 to 1940-41: Of the Crim. Law Admin. teachers in 1939-1940 (30 total), 14 appear in both of the new categories, 10 do not appear in either, 5 appear in just Crim. Proc. and 1 appears in Just Crim. Law.

Criminal Law

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1968:

• “Criminal Law (Includes Criminal Law Administration, Problems in Policing and Police Internship)”

Criminal Law

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1969:

• “Criminal Law (Includes Criminal Law Administration, Problems of Policing and Police Internship)”

1973:

• “Criminal Law (Includes Corrections and Prisons, Criminal Law Administration, Narcotics, Problems of Policing and Police Internship)”

Criminal Law

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1976:

• “Criminal Law (Includes Corrections and Prisons, Criminal Law Administration)”

Criminal Law

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

Criminal Law

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1986-87:

• Criminal Law renamed Criminal Justice

• (Includes Corrections, Criminal Law Administration and Sentencing)”

• Teachers are by and large the same.

2004-05:

• Split off: Crim. Justice from Crim. Law.

• “Criminal Justice (Includes Corrections, Criminal Law Administration, and Sentencing)”

• “Criminal Law [No Includes]

Criminal Law

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

Criminal Procedure

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

Criminal Procedure

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1964:

• “Criminal Procedure (Includes Juveniles)”

Criminal Procedure

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1967:

• “Criminal Procedure (Includes Juveniles and Police Administration)”

Criminal Procedure

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1968:

• “Criminal Procedure (Includes Juveniles)”

Criminal Procedure

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1969:

• “Criminal Procedure (Includes Juvenile Delinquency and Juveniles)”

1976:

• Criminal Procedure [No Includes]

• New Topic in 1974: Juvenile Law (Includes Juvenile Delinquency (See also Domestic Relations))”

Criminal Procedure

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1976:

• Criminal Procedure [No Includes]

• New Topic in 1974: Juvenile Law (Includes Juvenile Delinquency (See also Domestic Relations))”

Criminal Procedure

Crim. Law Con’t.

Crim. Pro. Con’t.

Crim. Law Con’t.

1974

Juvenile Law

Juvenile LawJuvenile Law Con’t

Estates & Trusts (5 Topics Filtered Into 1)

Estates Con’t

Trusts Con’t

Estate Planning Con’t

Estates & Trusts

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

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01

20

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20

07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

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Su

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58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961932 New Topics

• Business Law

• Civil Procedure

• Creditors' Rights

Hoover

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

19

30

19

32

19

34

19

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19

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72

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19

79

19

81

19

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19

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19

89

19

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19

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19

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19

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19

99

20

01

20

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20

07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

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of

Su

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58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961934 New Topics

• Security (See also Credit Trans.)

Roosevelt

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

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30

19

32

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19

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19

57

19

59

19

61

19

63

19

65

19

67

19

69

19

70

19

72

19

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19

76

19

77

19

79

19

81

19

83

19

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19

87

19

89

19

91

19

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19

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19

97

19

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20

01

20

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07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

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of

Su

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58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961938-39 New Topics

Roosevelt

• Conveyances (Includes Titles)

• Judicial Administration

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

79

19

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19

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19

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19

87

19

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19

91

19

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19

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19

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19

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20

01

20

03

20

05

20

07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

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Su

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58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961939-40 New Topics

Roosevelt

• Librarian

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

19

30

19

32

19

34

19

36

19

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19

40

19

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19

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19

50

19

52

19

55

19

57

19

59

19

61

19

63

19

65

19

67

19

69

19

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19

72

19

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19

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19

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19

79

19

81

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AALS Directory Year

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58

60

57

64

67

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88 88

94

961940-41 New Topics

Roosevelt

• Legal Accounting

• Criminal Procedure

• Trial Practice

40

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100

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AALS Directory Year

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58

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88 88

94

961941-42 New Topics

Roosevelt

• Military Law

40

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100

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20

01

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20

07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

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of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961947-48 New Topics

Truman

• Business Regulation

• Community Property

• Legal Method

• Legal Writing

• Federal Taxation

• Titles

40

50

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70

80

90

100

19

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AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

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of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961962 New Topics

Kennedy

• Antitrust

• Atomic Energy Regulation

• Commercial Law

• Estate Planning

• Land Use

• Law and Medicine

• Law and Society

• Legal Aid Clinics

• Legal Process

• Remedies

• Securities Regulation

• Social Legislation

• Taxation, Estate & Gift

• Taxation, State & Local

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

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AALS Directory Year

Nu

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of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961964 New Topics

Johnson

• Government Contracts

• International Organizations

• International Transactions

• Workmen's Compensation

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

19

30

19

32

19

34

19

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19

38

19

40

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48

19

50

19

52

19

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57

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61

19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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20

01

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20

05

20

07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

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of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961965 New Topics

Johnson

• Arbitration

• Law and Science

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

19

30

19

32

19

34

19

36

19

38

19

40

19

42

19

44

19

46

19

48

19

50

19

52

19

55

19

57

19

59

19

61

19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

72

19

74

19

76

19

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19

79

19

81

19

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19

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19

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19

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97

19

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20

01

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05

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07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

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of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961967 New Topics

Johnson

• Law and Poverty

• Regulated Industries

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

19

30

19

32

19

34

19

36

19

38

19

40

19

42

19

44

19

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19

48

19

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19

52

19

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19

57

19

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19

61

19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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20

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AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

er

of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961967-68 New Topics

Johnson

• Law and Computers

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

19

28

19

30

19

32

19

34

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36

19

38

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40

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42

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19

46

19

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19

50

19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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79

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81

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19

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19

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AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

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of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961970 New Topics

Nixon

• Environmental Law

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

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24

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28

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30

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32

19

34

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19

38

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40

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42

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19

50

19

52

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19

57

19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

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19

81

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07

AALS Directory Year

Nu

mb

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of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961972 New Topics

Nixon

• Education, Legal Problems of

• Women and the Law

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19

22

19

24

19

26

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28

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30

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32

19

34

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38

19

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42

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46

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48

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50

19

52

19

55

19

57

19

59

19

61

19

63

19

65

19

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19

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19

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19

72

19

74

19

76

19

77

19

79

19

81

19

83

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85

19

87

19

89

19

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19

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AALS Directory Year

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mb

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of

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bje

cts

58

60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961973 New Topics

Nixon

• Civil Rights

40

50

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90

100

19

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24

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AALS Directory Year

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58

60

57

64

67

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78

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88 88

94

961974 New Topics

Nixon

• Consumer Law

• Juvenile Law

• Law and Psychiatry

40

50

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90

100

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72

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19

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81

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60

57

64

67

66

82

87

78

90

79

87

88 88

94

961976 New Topics

Ford

• Agricultural Law

• American Indian Law

• Products Liability

• Real Estate Transactions

40

50

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90

100

19

22

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24

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26

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19

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19

79

19

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94

961986-87 New Topics

Reagan

• Business Planning

• Employment Discrimination

• Immigration Law

40

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100

19

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19

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961987-88 New Topics

Reagan

• Banking

• Health Care Law

• Law and Economics

• Mass Communications Law

40

50

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100

19

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961988-89 New Topics

Reagan

• Employee Benefit Plans

• Entertainment Law

• Sports Law

40

50

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100

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19

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94

961995-96 New Topics

Clinton

• Aging and the Law

40

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100

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AALS Directory Year

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57

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94

962004-05 New Topics

Bush

• Appellate Practice

• Bioethics

• Critical Legal Studies

• Critical Race Theory

• Feminist Legal Theory

• Human Rights

• Law and Literature

• Law and Religion

• Legal Drafting

• Ocean Resources

• Tax Policy

• Taxation, Corporate

40

50

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80

90

100

19

22

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24

19

26

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28

19

30

19

32

19

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19

38

19

40

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52

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19

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19

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81

19

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962005-06 New Topics

Bush

• Energy Law

• Forensic Medicine

Domain Maps of Legal Subjects

-20 -10 0 10

-20

-10

01

0

mds$points[, 1:2][,1]

md

s$p

oin

ts[,

1:2

][,2

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Administrative Law

Admiralty

Agency

Air Law

Bankruptcy

Bills and Notes

Business Organization

Code PleadingCommon Law Pleading

Comparative Law

Conflict of Laws

Constitutional Law

Contracts

Corporation Finance

Credit Transactions

Criminal Law Administration

Criminal Law and Procedure

Damages

Domestic Relations

Equity

Equity Pleading & Practice

Evidence

Federal Jurisdiction and Procedure Future InterestsIndustrial Relations

Insurance

International Law

Introduction to Law

Jurisprudence

Labor Law

Legal Bibliography and Research

Legal Ethics

Legal History

Legislation

Mining Law

Mortgages

Municipal Corporations

Office Practice

Oil and Gas

Partnership

Patent Law

Personal Property

Pleading

Practice

Practice Court

Private Corporations

Public Utilities

Quasi-Contract Real Property

Roman Law

SalesSuretyship

Taxation

Torts

Trade Regulation

Trusts

Water Rights

Wills and Administration

Subjects with no co-occurrence are 11 more units distant than subjects with 1 co-occurrence. Distance Range = 1 to 67

1931 Subjects (Controlled)

-20 -10 0 10

-20

-10

01

0

mds$points[, 1:2][,1]

md

s$p

oin

ts[,

1:2

][,2

]

Administrative Law

Admiralty

Agency

Air Law

Bankruptcy

Bills and Notes

Business Organization

Code PleadingCommon Law Pleading

Comparative Law

Conflict of Laws

Constitutional Law

Contracts

Corporation Finance

Credit Transactions

Criminal Law Administration

Criminal Law and Procedure

Damages

Domestic Relations

Equity

Equity Pleading & Practice

Evidence

Federal Jurisdiction and Procedure Future InterestsIndustrial Relations

Insurance

International Law

Introduction to Law

Jurisprudence

Labor Law

Legal Bibliography and Research

Legal Ethics

Legal History

Legislation

Mining Law

Mortgages

Municipal Corporations

Office Practice

Oil and Gas

Partnership

Patent Law

Personal Property

Pleading

Practice

Practice Court

Private Corporations

Public Utilities

Quasi-Contract Real Property

Roman Law

SalesSuretyship

Taxation

Torts

Trade Regulation

Trusts

Water Rights

Wills and Administration

Subjects with no co-occurrence are 11 more units distant than subjects with 1 co-occurrence. Distance Range = 1 to 67

1931 Subjects (Controlled) – MDS Layout

-20 -10 0 10

-20

-10

01

0

mds$points[, 1:2][,1]

md

s$p

oin

ts[,

1:2

][,2

]

Administrative Law

Admiralty

Agency

Air Law

Bankruptcy

Bills and Notes

Business Organization

Code PleadingCommon Law Pleading

Comparative Law

Conflict of Laws

Constitutional Law

Contracts

Corporation Finance

Credit Transactions

Criminal Law Administration

Criminal Law and Procedure

Damages

Domestic Relations

Equity

Equity Pleading & Practice

Evidence

Federal Jurisdiction and Procedure Future InterestsIndustrial Relations

Insurance

International Law

Introduction to Law

Jurisprudence

Labor Law

Legal Bibliography and Research

Legal Ethics

Legal History

Legislation

Mining Law

Mortgages

Municipal Corporations

Office Practice

Oil and Gas

Partnership

Patent Law

Personal Property

Pleading

Practice

Practice Court

Private Corporations

Public Utilities

Quasi-Contract Real Property

Roman Law

SalesSuretyship

Taxation

Torts

Trade Regulation

Trusts

Water Rights

Wills and Administration

Subjects with no co-occurrence are 11 more units distant than subjects with 1 co-occurrence. Distance Range = 1 to 67

1931 Subjects (Controlled) – MDS Layout

-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

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ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

ANTITRUST LAW

BANKING LAW

BUSINSS ASSOCIATIONS

CIVIL RIGHTS LAW

COMMERCIAL LAW

COMMUNICATIONS LAW

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

CONSUMER PROTECTION

CONTRACTS

CREDITORS AND DEBTORS' RIGHTS

CRIMINAL LAWCRIMINAL PROCEDURE

EDUCATION LAW

ELECTION LAW

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS LAW

ENTERTAINMENT LAW

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW

ESTATE PLANNING

FAMILY LAW

HEALTH LAW

IMMIGRATION LAW

INSURANCE LAW

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS

INTERNATIONAL LAW

JUVENILE JUSTICE

LABOR LAW

LAND USE LAW

MARITIME LAW

MILITARY LAW

NATIVE PEOPLES LAW

NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS

OIL AND GAS LAW PRODUCTS LIABILITY

PROPERTY LAW

PUBLIC LAND LAW

SECURED TRANSACTIONS

SECURITIES REGULATION

TAXATION

TORTS

WATER LAW

WILLS AND TRUSTS

WORKERS' COMPENSATION

-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

-1.0

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ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

ANTITRUST LAW

BANKING LAW

BUSINSS ASSOCIATIONS

CIVIL RIGHTS LAW

COMMERCIAL LAW

COMMUNICATIONS LAW

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

CONSUMER PROTECTION

CONTRACTS

CREDITORS AND DEBTORS' RIGHTS

CRIMINAL LAWCRIMINAL PROCEDURE

EDUCATION LAW

ELECTION LAW

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS LAW

ENTERTAINMENT LAW

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW

ESTATE PLANNING

FAMILY LAW

HEALTH LAW

IMMIGRATION LAW

INSURANCE LAW

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS

INTERNATIONAL LAW

JUVENILE JUSTICE

LABOR LAW

LAND USE LAW

MARITIME LAW

MILITARY LAW

NATIVE PEOPLES LAW

NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS

OIL AND GAS LAW PRODUCTS LIABILITY

PROPERTY LAW

PUBLIC LAND LAW

SECURED TRANSACTIONS

SECURITIES REGULATION

TAXATION

TORTS

WATER LAW

WILLS AND TRUSTS

WORKERS' COMPENSATION

Professor Stephen A. ConradB.A., Haverford College; M.A., Ph.D., Harvard University; J.D., Yale University. Attorney, Ropes & Gray, Boston, Massachusetts.Before becoming a lawyer, Professor Conrad became an historian. He still publishes as much in history journals as in law reviews. At Harvard, his history dissertation was about a school of eighteenth-century philosophy that greatly influenced the American Founding, especially the framing of our federal Constitution and early Supreme Court jurisprudence. As a student at the Yale Law School, Conrad pursued the connections between his history background and legal scholarship.

Family Law Professors:

Professor Aviva A. OrensteinAB 1981, Cornell University; JD 1986, Cornell Law School. Articles Editor, Cornell Law Review. Law Clerk, Hon. Edward R. Becker, U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit, 1987-88. Faculty, Rutgers Law School, 1989-92. Member, Order of the Coif.Professor Orenstein writes and teaches in the area of evidence. Her current work examines special evidence rules that allow prosecutors to introduce evidence of a defendant's prior sexual offenses in rape and child molestation cases. Professor Orenstein also teaches Civil Procedure, Legal Profession, and Children and the Law. In 2000-2001, she directed the Child Advocacy Clinic, supervising law students who serve as guardians ad litem for children in contested custody cases. She has also served as a court-appointed special advocate for abused and neglected children.

Professor Julia LamberBA 1969, DePauw University; JD 1972, Indiana University. Note Editor, Indiana Law Journal. Attorney, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1972-75. Faculty and Assistant Dean, University of Nebraska College of Law, 1977-79. Member, Order of the Coif. The former IU dean for women's affairs and a leading scholar in employment discrimination law, Professor Lamber brings a wealth of administrative experience and scholarship to the classroom. She has taught Administrative Law, Civil Rights Statutes, Employment Discrimination, Family Law, Women and the Law, and the Federal Courts Clinic.

2007-08 Syndetic Structure (Waiting to be enhanced by co-occurrence data for the rigorous distribution of topics for which there are no syndetic relationships.)

= AALS Controlled Subject

= topic listed in the ‘includes’ information.

LEGEND

The End