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EUROPEAN
EXPLORATION
History
SS8H1 The student will evaluate the development of Native American
cultures and the impact of European exploration and
settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
b. Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American cultures; include
Spanish missions along the barrier islands, and the explorations of
Hernando DeSoto.
c. Explain reasons for European exploration and settlement of North
America, with emphasis on the interests of the French, Spanish, and British in
the southeastern area.
1. To what extent did European contact effect native groups in
Georgia?
2. Explain reasons for European exploration and settlement of
North America.
3. What was the purpose of building Spanish Missions in
Georgia?
4. What was the cause and effect relationship of French, Spanish,
and British settlements in Georgia?
AKS AND ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
By about 1400 the growth of the Ottoman
Empire had blocked Europe's ability to trade
goods overland. Europeans had to find new trade
routes to the East.
Europeans wanted to continue to trade with
Eastern countries to expand the market for
goods. This was known as the European age of
discovery.
SPICES OF THE ORIENT
WHAT NEW ADVANCEMENTS HELPED
ENCOURAGE THE AGE OF EXPLORATION?
Accurate Mapmaking:
• Accurate mapmaking helped
navigators better find
locations and measure
distances.
• The Portuguese took the early lead in
developing navigational techniques.
• Aided by Prince Henry the Navigator
Advances in Shipbuilding:
Advances in shipbuilding included improved sail designs,
stronger hulls, and sleeker lines. New sails made the
most efficient use of available winds and even allowed
seaman to sail into the wind. Stronger hulls better
withstood the tremendous impact of rough Atlantic
seas. Sleeker design lines allowed ships to sail faster,
slicing through water far more efficiently than older
barge-like ship designs.
WHAT NEW ADVANCEMENTS HELPED
ENCOURAGE THE AGE OF EXPLORATION?
SPAIN BECOMES A LEADER IN
EXPLORATION
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella hired many
conquistadors to charter the waters and bring back a
fortune for Spain.
• Their job was to discover and conquer new lands for
Spain.
• This term of claiming and taking over land in the name of
a mother country is called imperialism.
Two of the most famous expeditions were those of
Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan.
OTHERS JOINED THE SEARCH
Other countries such as France and Great Britain
hired explorers. These explorers left Europe in the
1400’s in search of the water route to Asia.
What was the Northwest Passage:
Many countries believed there was an all water
route through North America . Finding this passage
would allow Europeans to continue to trade with
China after the Silk Road was cut off by the
Ottomans.
Knowledge of Wind and Ocean Currents:
Explorers during the Age of Exploration attempted to find an easy ocean route to Asia. They began sailing the coast of Africa and keeping a log of wind currents and ocean currents. With this new information, explorers had a better knowledge to sail ships. They discovered both the Atlantic current and trade winds. Slowly this
became known as the northwest passage. lhttp://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/map.html
WHAT NEW ADVANCEMENTS HELPED
ENCOURAGE THE AGE OF
EXPLORATION?
GOLD AND RICHES
After the Spanish conquered
the Aztec and Inca Indians in
South America. Word of
riches and gold spread
through Europe.
More countries began
funding trips to the new
world in hopes of also
becoming rich and famous.
LAND TO CONQUER
As explorers crossed and re-crossed the globe, they laid claim to lands in the
New World. New land full of hope and promise of wealth encourage other
countries to begin funding expeditions to the new
world.
ADVENTURE
Prior to the Age of
Exploration, adventurous
sailors occasionally recounted
tales of beautiful and faraway
lands, but the folk back home
had very little knowledge of
vast continents between
Europe and Asia. Adventure
was a driving force of why
Europeans began volunteering
to sail the open ocean and
charter new land.
THE SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY
The “White Mans Burden” spread throughout Europe and became a driving force
of exploration.
Europeans were encouraged to sail to the
new world in order to convert the savages to
Christianity.
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