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ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION AND
POLLUTION
Rosa Vivien Ratnawati
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
CHANGING OF LIFE STYLE
DEGRADATION TIME
Papers
3 to6 months
CLOTH, FABRIC
6 Months to1 Year
Cigarette
5 years
Bubble Gum Painted wood
5 Years
Nylon
More than600 years
Plastic
More than100 years
BIER
Metal
More than100 years
Rubber tire
unpredictable
Glass
1 million years
15 years
AIR POLLUTION FROM VEHICLES
* AIR POLLUTION FROM INDUSTRIES
AIR POLLUTION FROM INDUSTRIES
FOREST FIRE
*PENCEMARAN UDARA
Jaka
rta
Bandung
Denpas
ar
Med
an
Peka
nbaru
Pontia
nak
Palangka
raya
Semar
ang
Surabay
a0%
20%40%60%80%
100%
14% 2% 3% 13% 4% 5% 3%
74%83%
28%
63%56%
21% 8%
59%83%
11% 15%
72%
34% 31%
72% 81%
40%13%
2% 1%
Berbahaya Sangat Tidak Sehat tidak sehatsedang Baik
Source:http://dumainews.blogspot.com
URBAN AIR QUALITY MONITORING
Air Pollution
*Water Pollution
RIVER WATER QUALITY IN INDONESIA(BASED ON : CLASS II ,WATER QUALITY STANDART, GOVERNMENT REGULATION NO. 82 YEAR 2001)
SumateraJawa
Bali dan Nusa
Tenggara
KalimantanSulawesi
Maluku dan Papua
6462
50 6060
54
72
5576
67
51
33
6174 81
6961
48
4769
39
6561
8341
65
28
70
41
32
38
74
5880
56
37
PERCENTAGE OF RIVER WATER QUALITY SAMPLES NOT MEET THE RIVER WATER QUALITY STANDART
CLASS II
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
River in Sumatera has increased the percentage of compliance with class II water river quality standart from 2007 -2009.
River in Java has decreased the percentage of compliance with class II water river standart
River in Kalimantan has decreased the percentage of compliance with class II water river standart from year to year since 2005
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
4 14 15 35
2123
28 34 22 37
7
1239 42 18 38
04
9 6 6 5 0 1
Heavily Polluted Moderately Polluted Slightly Polluted
in accordance with Water Quality Standard
60 – 80 % Source Pollution fromHousehold activities
RATE OF FORREST DEGRADATIONRATE OF FORREST DEGRADATION ON
YEAR 2003-2006 =4500 X SOCCER FIELD SIZE / DAY
2007 = 113,7 million ha2011 = 117,3 million ha
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT 1997
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT ACT 2009
DEFINITION DEFINITION
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION;
A PROCESS WHEREIN CREATURE, SUBSTANCES, ENERGY AND/OR OTHER
COMPONENTS COME INTO OR ARE INCLUDED INTO THE ENVIRONMENT BY
HUMAN ACTIVITY THUS THE QUALITY DECREASED TO A
CERTAIN LEVEL THAT CAUSES THE ENVIRONMENT CAN NOT BE
FUNCTIONED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DESIGNATION
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION;
A PROCESS WHEREIN CREATURE, SUBSTANCES, ENERGY AND/OR OTHER
COMPONENTS COME INTO OR ARE INCLUDED INTO THE ENVIRONMENT BY
HUMAN ACTIVITY THUS EXCEEDING THE ENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY STANDARD
ENV. STANDARD QUALITY
CRITERIA OF DAMAGE QUALITY
Measure through
water;
Waste water;
sea;
Ambient of air;
emission;
disturbance;
Other standard quality accord. With the technology development
ECOSYSTEM
CLIMATE CHANGE
• Land for biomass• coral• Mangrove• seagrass• peatland• Karst• Forest fire• Other ecosystem quality according
With the technology development
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION / DAMAGE
BUSINESS EIA / mini EIAEIA decision
Recommendation
Env. license Business license
requirements
Decision of the
State Administration
announcement
Legal defects, errors abuse, impropriety, falsification of data, documents / information
Publication does not qualify in the commission's decision
Does not fulfil his duties in the EIA / UKL-UPL
null
Strategic Env
Assessment
EnvManagement
Plan
Env. Permit revoked business license revoked
Env. Permit changed business license revised
Environmental Compliance
Ministry of Environment
LICENSED COMMISSION
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING TOOL
Prevention and
Corrective Performance
Deterrent effects
Compensationsand
EnvironmentalRecovery
ADMINISTRATIVE(article 76 sd 83)
CRIMINAL(article 93 sd 120)
CIVIL(article 83 sd 93)
FUNCTIONFUNCTION FUNCTION
Environmental Compliance
Ministry of Environment
CRIMINAL PROVISIONS (Articles 97-120)No. Types of violations Minimum Maximum
1 Deliberately exceed ambient air quality standards, water, sea water or standard criteria of environmental damage
3 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 3 billion
10 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 10 billion
2Negligence resulting exceed ambient air quality standards, water, seawater or environmental damage criteria
1 year in prison and a fine of Rp. 1 billion
1 year in prison and a fine of Rp. 1 billion
3 Exceed wastewater quality standards, emission standards or interference
3 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 3 billion
4 Removing or distribute genetically engineered products into the environment as opposed to legislation
1 year in prison and a fine of Rp. 1 billion
1 year in prison and a fine of Rp. 1 billion
5Conducting hazardous waste management without a permit or producing hazardous waste without proper management
1 year in prison and a fine of Rp. 1 billion
3 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 3 billion
6 Dumping of waste and / or materials into the environment without legal permission
3 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 3 billion
CRIMINAL PROVISIONSNo. Types of violations Minimum Maximum
7 Entering hazardous waste to Indonesia or enter hazardous waste that is prohibited by the law to Indonesia
5 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 5 billions
15 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 15 billion
8 Burning of land that is not in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations
3 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 3 billions
10 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 10 billions
9 Conducting business / activity without an environmental permit
1 year in prison and a fine of Rp. 1 billions
3 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 3 billions
10 Preparing EIA without a certificate of competence for EIA authors
3 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 3 billions
11 Officials deliver environmental permits without EIA / UKL-UPL or deliver business licensing without proper environmental permits
3 years in prison and a fine of Rp. 3 billions
12Officials intentionally not doing the environmental monitoring that cause environmental damage resulting in loss of human lives
1 year in prison and a fine of Rp. 500 millions
THANK YOU
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