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Eighteenth-Century Literature
(I)The Age of Pope
(Augustan Age Age of Reason)
The term Augustan Age, as referred from Restoration tomid-18th century. It denotes a period of literary excellence, andrefers ac! to the heyday of classical "riting #$irgil, %orace,&'id( under the Roman )mperor Augustus #*+ -1 A/(.Augustan "riters #0ope, Addison, teele, amuel 2ohnson,"ift( imitated the "or!s of their Roman counterparts 3 4eo-classicism
-/e'elopment of an elegant style5 pursuit of fluency and
precision of expression5 moderation, decorum5 good taste,refinement of manner.
-/esire for common sense, alance, proportion andcompromise.
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Some fats an! figures
" #$%&-#' ueen Anne
" #$#'-&$ *eorge I
" #$&$-+% *eorge II
" #$%#-#, ar of Spanish Suession
" #$#, Treaty of .treht
" #$%$ At of .nion /et0een Eng1an! an!Sot1an!
" #$$+ In!epen!ene of Amerian o1onies
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ar of Spanish Suession
" The War of the Spanish Succession0asfought among se2era1 European po0ers3in1u!ing a !i2i!e! Spain3 o2er the
possi/1e unifiation of the 4ing!oms ofSpain an! 5rane un!er one 6our/onmonarh7 As 5rane an! Spain 0ereamong the most po0erfu1 states of Europe3suh a unifiation 0ou1! ha2e !rastia11ya1tere! the European /a1ane of po0er7
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The Rise of Po1itia1 Parties
" In the reign of Char1es II the terms hig
an! Tory first /eame urrent3 as /asis
for the po1itia1 system7
" hig party pre-eminene of persona1
free!om tra!ing 1asses
" Tory party roya1 !i2ine right 1an!e!
1asses
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Some 1iterary features
" Pre!ominane of prose (S0ift3 A!!ison3
Stee1e3 8efoe9)
"Po1itia1 0riting (pamph1eteering)
" C1u/s an! Coffee-houses
" Perio!ia1 0riting The Tatler(#$%:-##)3
foun!e! /y Rihar! Stee1e TheSpectator(#$##-#&)3 foun!e! /y R7 Stee1e
an! ;7 A!!ison
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riters an! 0or
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#?th Century Poetry Alexander
Pope(#+??-#$'')
" Literature as his one 0ay to fame
" !astorals(#$%:)
" An "ssa on Criticism(#$##) in heroioup1ets7 Aim to restate the o!e of the
anients
" The Rape of the Lock(#$#&3 #$#') @o
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" Trans1ations #liad(#$&%)3 $dsse(#$&+)
" E!ition of Sha)
" The %unciad(#$&?) satiria1" An "ssa on &an(#$,,) @an=s p1ae in
the uni2erse
" Phi1osophia1 an! mora1 essays (#$,#->)True ease in writing comes from art, not chance,
As those move easiest who have learned to dance (Essay on
Criticism)
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;ohn *ay (#+?>-#$,&)
" Se2era1 poems (The Rural Sports3 #$#,3!e!iate! to A1eBan!er Pope3 The Art of'alkin( the Streets of London3 #$#+ a
paro!y of the heroi sty1e9)" The Beggars Opera(#$&?)7 The
/eginning of the tra!ition of the omi
opera7 umour3 songs3 a11egory an! satireon soiety76ife is a 7est, and all things sho" it5
I thought so once, and no" I !no" it #ay9s o"n epitaph on his tom(
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TE *RAEDAR8 PETS
" The gra2eyar! shoo1
" A group of mi!- to 1ate #?th entury poets3 neo-
classical in style3 0ho pa2e! the 0ay for the
*othi an! Romantiism7" Poems often set in a gra2eyar!3 0here they
foun! inspiration7
" @e1anho1i3 ref1eti2e 0or
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" Edward Young(#+?,-#$+>) )i(ht Thou(hts(#$'&)3 inspire! /y the !eath of his 0ife7
" Robert Blair(#+::-#$'+) The Grave(#$',)3 a
/1an
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Samue1 ;ohnson (#$%:-?')
" 6iography See 6os0e11=s Life of Samuel
Johnson (#$:#)
" Poetry London(#$,?) F The *anit of
+uman 'ishes(#$':)
" Perio!ia1 essays an! ontri/utions
" The Gentlemans &a(a,ine (#$'#-'')" The Rambler(#$>%->&)
" 'eekl Ga,ette- The #dler(#$>?-+%)
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Dictionary of the English Language(#$>>)
To preser2e the purity an! asertain the
meaning of our Eng1ish i!iom
" Prose
" Rasselas3 Prine of A/yssinia (#$>:)
" Shakespeare(#$+>)
" A Journe to the 'estern #slands ofScotland(#$$>)
" The Lives of the !oets(#$$$-?#)
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