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Eighteenth-Century Literature I

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    Eighteenth-Century Literature

    (I)The Age of Pope

    (Augustan Age Age of Reason)

    The term Augustan Age, as referred from Restoration tomid-18th century. It denotes a period of literary excellence, andrefers ac! to the heyday of classical "riting #$irgil, %orace,&'id( under the Roman )mperor Augustus #*+ -1 A/(.Augustan "riters #0ope, Addison, teele, amuel 2ohnson,"ift( imitated the "or!s of their Roman counterparts 3 4eo-classicism

    -/e'elopment of an elegant style5 pursuit of fluency and

    precision of expression5 moderation, decorum5 good taste,refinement of manner.

    -/esire for common sense, alance, proportion andcompromise.

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    Some fats an! figures

    " #$%&-#' ueen Anne

    " #$#'-&$ *eorge I

    " #$&$-+% *eorge II

    " #$%#-#, ar of Spanish Suession

    " #$#, Treaty of .treht

    " #$%$ At of .nion /et0een Eng1an! an!Sot1an!

    " #$$+ In!epen!ene of Amerian o1onies

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    ar of Spanish Suession

    " The War of the Spanish Succession0asfought among se2era1 European po0ers3in1u!ing a !i2i!e! Spain3 o2er the

    possi/1e unifiation of the 4ing!oms ofSpain an! 5rane un!er one 6our/onmonarh7 As 5rane an! Spain 0ereamong the most po0erfu1 states of Europe3suh a unifiation 0ou1! ha2e !rastia11ya1tere! the European /a1ane of po0er7

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    The Rise of Po1itia1 Parties

    " In the reign of Char1es II the terms hig

    an! Tory first /eame urrent3 as /asis

    for the po1itia1 system7

    " hig party pre-eminene of persona1

    free!om tra!ing 1asses

    " Tory party roya1 !i2ine right 1an!e!

    1asses

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    Some 1iterary features

    " Pre!ominane of prose (S0ift3 A!!ison3

    Stee1e3 8efoe9)

    "Po1itia1 0riting (pamph1eteering)

    " C1u/s an! Coffee-houses

    " Perio!ia1 0riting The Tatler(#$%:-##)3

    foun!e! /y Rihar! Stee1e TheSpectator(#$##-#&)3 foun!e! /y R7 Stee1e

    an! ;7 A!!ison

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    riters an! 0or

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    #?th Century Poetry Alexander

    Pope(#+??-#$'')

    " Literature as his one 0ay to fame

    " !astorals(#$%:)

    " An "ssa on Criticism(#$##) in heroioup1ets7 Aim to restate the o!e of the

    anients

    " The Rape of the Lock(#$#&3 #$#') @o

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    " Trans1ations #liad(#$&%)3 $dsse(#$&+)

    " E!ition of Sha)

    " The %unciad(#$&?) satiria1" An "ssa on &an(#$,,) @an=s p1ae in

    the uni2erse

    " Phi1osophia1 an! mora1 essays (#$,#->)True ease in writing comes from art, not chance,

    As those move easiest who have learned to dance (Essay on

    Criticism)

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    ;ohn *ay (#+?>-#$,&)

    " Se2era1 poems (The Rural Sports3 #$#,3!e!iate! to A1eBan!er Pope3 The Art of'alkin( the Streets of London3 #$#+ a

    paro!y of the heroi sty1e9)" The Beggars Opera(#$&?)7 The

    /eginning of the tra!ition of the omi

    opera7 umour3 songs3 a11egory an! satireon soiety76ife is a 7est, and all things sho" it5

    I thought so once, and no" I !no" it #ay9s o"n epitaph on his tom(

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    TE *RAEDAR8 PETS

    " The gra2eyar! shoo1

    " A group of mi!- to 1ate #?th entury poets3 neo-

    classical in style3 0ho pa2e! the 0ay for the

    *othi an! Romantiism7" Poems often set in a gra2eyar!3 0here they

    foun! inspiration7

    " @e1anho1i3 ref1eti2e 0or

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    " Edward Young(#+?,-#$+>) )i(ht Thou(hts(#$'&)3 inspire! /y the !eath of his 0ife7

    " Robert Blair(#+::-#$'+) The Grave(#$',)3 a

    /1an

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    Samue1 ;ohnson (#$%:-?')

    " 6iography See 6os0e11=s Life of Samuel

    Johnson (#$:#)

    " Poetry London(#$,?) F The *anit of

    +uman 'ishes(#$':)

    " Perio!ia1 essays an! ontri/utions

    " The Gentlemans &a(a,ine (#$'#-'')" The Rambler(#$>%->&)

    " 'eekl Ga,ette- The #dler(#$>?-+%)

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    Dictionary of the English Language(#$>>)

    To preser2e the purity an! asertain the

    meaning of our Eng1ish i!iom

    " Prose

    " Rasselas3 Prine of A/yssinia (#$>:)

    " Shakespeare(#$+>)

    " A Journe to the 'estern #slands ofScotland(#$$>)

    " The Lives of the !oets(#$$$-?#)


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