Edited by Karen Auwers Original ~Ms. Susan M. Pojer Edited by Karen Auwers Original ~Ms. Susan M....
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- Slide 1
- Edited by Karen Auwers Original ~Ms. Susan M. Pojer Edited by
Karen Auwers Original ~Ms. Susan M. Pojer The 1850s: The Road to
Succession and the Civil War The Road to Succession and the Civil
War
- Slide 2
- Problems of Sectional Balance begins in the 1840s Southern
fire-eaters threatening secession Southern fire-eaters threatening
secession Underground RR & fugitive slave issues: * Personal
liberty laws (1840s Northern states will not cooperate with the
Fugitive Slave laws) * Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842) (Prigg was a
crucial case because it announced that slavery was a national issue
that could not be disturbed by state action. It also disclosed that
the institution of slavery was woven into the Constitution
Underground RR & fugitive slave issues: * Personal liberty laws
(1840s Northern states will not cooperate with the Fugitive Slave
laws) * Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842) (Prigg was a crucial case
because it announced that slavery was a national issue that could
not be disturbed by state action. It also disclosed that the
institution of slavery was woven into the Constitution California
Statehood -1850 California Statehood -1850 Southern fire-eaters
threatening secession Southern fire-eaters threatening secession
Underground RR & fugitive slave issues: * Personal liberty laws
(1840s Northern states will not cooperate with the Fugitive Slave
laws) * Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842) (Prigg was a crucial case
because it announced that slavery was a national issue that could
not be disturbed by state action. It also disclosed that the
institution of slavery was woven into the Constitution Underground
RR & fugitive slave issues: * Personal liberty laws (1840s
Northern states will not cooperate with the Fugitive Slave laws) *
Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842) (Prigg was a crucial case because it
announced that slavery was a national issue that could not be
disturbed by state action. It also disclosed that the institution
of slavery was woven into the Constitution California Statehood
-1850 California Statehood -1850
- Slide 3
- Compromise of 1850
- Slide 4
- Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811 - 1896 Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811 -
1896 So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham
Lincoln So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham
Lincoln
- Slide 5
- Uncle Toms Cabin 1852 Uncle Toms Cabin 1852 Sold 300,000 copies
in the first year. 2 million in a decade! Sold 300,000 copies in
the first year. 2 million in a decade!
- Slide 6
- This recent article by the BBC describes how racism continued
based on pseudo scientific knowledge of the late 19 th century.
Read the article Read
- Slide 7
- The Know-Nothings [The American Party] Nativists.
Anti-Catholics. Anti-immigrants. Nativists. Anti-Catholics.
Anti-immigrants. 1849 Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner
created in NYC.
- Slide 8
- A massive wave of immigration from Ireland and Germany after
1845 led to an outburst of anti-foreign and anti-Catholic
sentiment. Between 1846 and 1855, three million foreigners arrived
in America. Nativists--ardent opponents of immigration--capitalized
on deep-seated Protestant antagonism toward Catholics and
working-class fear of economic competition from cheaper immigrant
labor. Nativists charged that Catholics were responsible for a
sharp increase in poverty, crime, and drunkenness, and were
subservient to a foreign leader, the Pope. In 1849, native-born
Protestant workingmen formed a secret fraternal organization, "The
Order of the Star-Spangled Banner," which became the nucleus of a
new political party known as the Known-Nothing or American party.
The party received its name from the fact that, when members were
asked about the party's workings, they were supposed to reply, "I
know nothing." ( Digital History--
http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/documents/documents_p2.cfm?doc=126)
- Slide 9
- Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat
Whig Free SoilFranklin Pierce Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott
John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free SoilFranklin Pierce
- Slide 10
- 1852 Election Results
- Slide 11
- Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854
- Slide 12
- The Crime Against Kansas Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA) Congr.
Preston Brooks (D-SC)
- Slide 13
- Bleeding Kansas Border Ruffians (pro-slavery Missourians)
- Slide 14
- One of the most publicized events that occurred in Bleeding
Kansas was when on May 21, 1856 Border Ruffians ransacked Lawrence,
Kansas which was known to be a staunch free-state area. One day
later, violence occurred on the floor of the U.S. Senate when
Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina attacked Senator
Charles Sumner of Massachusetts with a cane after Sumner spoke out
against Southerners responsible for violence in Kansas.
Bleeding
- Slide 15
- Birth of the Republican Party, 1854 Northern Whigs. Northern
Democrats. Free-Soilers. Know-Nothings. Other miscellaneous
opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Northern Whigs. Northern
Democrats. Free-Soilers. Know-Nothings. Other miscellaneous
opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
- Slide 16
- James Buchanan John C. Frmont Millard Fillmore Democrat
Republican Whig
- Slide 17
- 1856 Election Results
- Slide 18
- Panic of 1857 The Panic of 1857 abruptly ended the boom times
that followed the Mexican War.Panic The immediate event that
touched off the panic was the failure of the New York branch of the
Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Co., a major financial force that
collapsed following massive embezzlement. Hard on the heels of this
event arrived other setbacks that shook the public's confidence:
The decision of British investors to remove funds from American
banks raised questions about overall soundness The fall of grain
prices spread economic misery into rural areas. Manufactured goods
began to pile up in warehouses, leading to massive layoffs
Widespread railroad failures occurred, an indication of how badly
over-built the American system had become American system Land
speculation programs collapsed with the railroads, ruining
thousands of investors. The Panic of 1857 abruptly ended the boom
times that followed the Mexican War.Panic The immediate event that
touched off the panic was the failure of the New York branch of the
Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Co., a major financial force that
collapsed following massive embezzlement. Hard on the heels of this
event arrived other setbacks that shook the public's confidence:
The decision of British investors to remove funds from American
banks raised questions about overall soundness The fall of grain
prices spread economic misery into rural areas. Manufactured goods
began to pile up in warehouses, leading to massive layoffs
Widespread railroad failures occurred, an indication of how badly
over-built the American system had become American system Land
speculation programs collapsed with the railroads, ruining
thousands of investors.
- Slide 19
- Confidence was further shaken in September when 30,000 pounds
of gold were lost at sea in a shipment from the San Francisco Mint
to eastern banks. More than 400 lives were lost as well as public
confidence in the government's ability to back its paper currency
with specie.In October, a bank holiday was declared in New England
and New York in a vain effort to avert runs on those institutions.
Eventually the panic and depression spread to Europe, South America
and the Far East. No recovery was evident in the United States for
a year and a half and the full impact did not dissipate until the
Civil War.San FranciscoMint As an unfortunate sidelight, the South
was hurt less than the other regions of the country and many there
concluded that the superiority of their economic system had been
vindicated.
- Slide 20
- The most unpopular Supreme Court decision that further
separated the North and the South decision
- Slide 21
- The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858 A House
divided against itself, cannot stand. A House divided against
itself, cannot stand.
- Slide 22
- Stephen Douglas & the Freeport Doctrine Popular
Sovereignty?
- Slide 23
- John BrownJohn Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr? 1859 John
BrownJohn Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr? 1859
- Slide 24
- Abraham Lincoln Republican John Bell Constitutional Union
Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge Southern
Democrat
- Slide 25
- Republican Party Platform in 1860 Non-extension of slavery [for
the Free-Soilers. Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].
No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the
Know-Nothings]. Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the
Northwest]. Internal improvements [for the West] at federal
expense. Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].
Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers. Protective tariff
[for the No. Industrialists]. No abridgment of rights for
immigrants [a disappointment for the Know-Nothings]. Government aid
to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest]. Internal improvements
[for the West] at federal expense. Free homesteads for the public
domain [for farmers].
- Slide 26
- 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!
- Slide 27
- 1860 Election Results 1860 Election Results
- Slide 28
- CrittendenCrittenden Compromise: A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity
CrittendenCrittenden Compromise: A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity
Senator John J. Crittenden (Know-Nothing-KY)
- Slide 29
- Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860
- Slide 30
- Fort SumterFort Sumter: April 12, 1861 Fort SumterFort Sumter:
April 12, 1861