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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND LTD
Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
CORE++ Cognitive Radio Trial Environment Project
http://core.willab.fiPart of the Tekes 5thGear programme and 5GTNF
Marko PalolaVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Oulu, Finland
Marko Höyhtyä1, Pekka Aho1, Miia Mustonen1, Tero Kippola2, Marjo Heikkilä2, Seppo Yrjölä3, Vesa Hartikainen3, Lucia Tudose3, Arto Kivinen4, Reijo Ekman4, Juhani Hallio4, Jarkko Paavola4,
Marko Mäkeläinen5, and Tuomo Hänninen5
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3
451
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)3) Field trial4) Performance results5) Conclusions
Marko Palola, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Oulu, Finland
Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
§ A field trial of spectrum access system (SAS) based Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) in the 3.5 GHz band is presented
§ Live LTE-A test network in Finland is used with commercial base stations, LTE Core and Network Management System.
§ Performance measurements carried out
§ Performance analysis of field trial is presented
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)Research motivation
§ On-going standardization and implementation of the specification§ Can we implement SAS using commercially available mobile networks and
equipment?§ Does the real system meet the set time limits when using commercially
available mobile networks and equipment?§ How long it takes to set up LTE-A mobile broadband using dynamical
spectrum? § Are there some ways to speed up the process?
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)3) Field trial4) Performance results5) Conclusions
Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Spectrum Access System (SAS)
§Part of Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) for shared wireless broadband use of the 3.5 GHz band, an U.S. standard
§Allows dynamic 3-tier sharing in an area § Incumbent, Priority Access License, General Authorized Access
§Environmental Sensing Capability (ESC) and database based operation
§On-going activities by the FCC and the Wireless Innovation Forum.
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Spectrum Access System (SAS)Dynamic Spectrum Sharing
§ Incumbents protected from interference§ PA users protected from interference§ GAAs are not protected§ Band divided to channels, 10MHz each§ GAAs have dedicated channel§ PAL channels available to GAAs if idle § Primary user activity takes 2 channels
Field trial uses 3550-3590MHz, four 10MHz channels 3+1 configuration
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Spectrum Access System (SAS)Reference Architecture
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SAS in an area• Determines available frequencies • Assigns them to different CBSDs • Sets transmission power limitsDomain Proxy• Manages multiple CBSDs• Allows legacy systems to connectIndividual CBSD• Access SAS for shared spectrumEnvironmental Sensing Capability• Detects primary user activity
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)3) Field trial4) Performance results5) Conclusions
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Field trial: ArchitectureCORE++ http://core.willab.fi/
CORE++ has setup a unique live LTE test
network with commercial 4G/LTE-A
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Field trial: Architecture1) ESC determines availability of shared
spectrum based on collected occupancy information (frequency, bandwidth, power)
2) SAS Repository gathers data about spectrum use and base stations.
3) Domain Proxy and stand-alone base station connect to CBSD Manager for shared spectrum access (REST API).
4) SAS Algorithm for channel allocations and optimizations
5) DP uses NMS to configure the base stations (PA, GAA) accordingly.
6) Stand-alone base station (CBSD-3) provides self-management.
CORE++ http://core.willab.fi/
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Field trial: Radar Sensing System
Radar signal was generated§ Pulse repetition frequency 1 kHz§ Pulse width 0.9 µs§ Antenna scan rate 15 RPM§ Antenna beam width 1.8 degrees
A spectrum sensing device is used to collect the occupancy data. § frequency resolution of 19.531 kHz § Occupancy scan every 45 seconds.§ Signal detection level used -90 dBm
CORE++ http://core.willab.fi/
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Field trial: LTE 3.5 GHz network
Three commercially available Flexi Multiradio time-division 3GPP Release 10 (TD)-LTE 3.5 GHz base stations§ 3GPP band 42 (3.4–3.6 GHz)§ Configured to indoor usage, low
power
LTE management system
LTE core network
CORE++ http://core.willab.fi/
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)3) Field trial4) Performance results5) Conclusions
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Performance results : Channel Evacuation
§ Grant to SAS band is given to CBSD, CBSD reports using a heartbeat request.
§ ESC detects a channel notavailable
§ SAS decides to deny the grant§ CBSD gets info on next heartbeat
response.§ CBSD reports channel is freed
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ESC Alert
SASESC CBSD/DP
SAS performs channel
optimisation assessment
Band evacuation and reconfiguration of base stations
SAS continues resource
optimisation
Heartbeat Request
Heartbeat Response
Heartbeat duration expires; Reset
Heartbeat duration timer
Heartbeat Request Heartbeat duration expires; Reset
Heartbeat duration timerHeartbeat Response
(new operational parameters)
Relinquish Request
Relinquish Response
Grant Request
Grant Response
Operation continues with new operational
parameters
Waiting for Heartbeat
Spectrum inquiry request
Spectrum inquiry response
SAS performs channel
availability assessment
Heartbeat Request
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Performance results : Reconfiguration time
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§ CBSD/DP is requesting a newchannel from SAS by placing a Grant Request
§ SAS approves or denies theresponse
§ Optional spectrum inquiry to checkavailability of channels
§ CBSD responds with Heartbeats to indicate transmission attempt
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Performance results : Measurement points
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T13
T0
Radar sensed to appear
T1 T2
ESC combines sensor information and generates an
ESC Alert
T3
SAS algorithm optimizes the band
allocations
T4
Domain proxy sends commands to NMS according to SAS
algorithm responses
T5
NMS begins configuration of
CBSD
Band is cleared, CBSDs no more
operating in the band
T6 T7
Grant request is sent to SAS
Evacuation time Te
Frequency change time Tw
Td
CBSD Manager sends relevant
information to SAS algorithm
T8
SAS algorithm determines suitable
band and radio parameters for
operation
Transmission Td
T9
Grant response is sent to CBSDs
Te
T10
Heartbeat NMS begins configuration of CBSD
T11 T12
Tw
Operation continues in a new band
Heartbeat
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Performance results : Evacuation perf. results
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Performance results : Reconfiguration time, the results
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)3) Field trial4) Performance results5) Conclusions
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
ConclusionsAnalyzed time domain operation in a practical SAS based CBRS system§ The most time-consuming phases in the evacuation and reconfiguration
process are base station configuration: locking/unlocking/changing freq
FCC operational rules were met in the field trial§ Evacuation is confirmed within 300 seconds from detection of incumbent§ CBSD/DPs must comply with SAS commands within 60 seconds
Improvements (up-to 70%): support fast on-air frequency changes.Large scale : NMS emergency plans to evacuate large networks
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