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Trends in global adult HIV prevalence
0
10
20
30
40
50
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Million
s
Estimated number of people living with HIV
Global Report 2002
Global Report 2004
0
1
2
3
4
5
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Million
s
GlobalSub-Saharan Africa
New infections
GlobalSub-Saharan Africa
Deaths due to AIDS
Steadily rising annual HIV infections and AIDS deaths
Rising HIV infection among injecting drug users,
followed by rising infection among sex workers
% HIV positive
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
IDU (Jakarta, Indonesia)
Sex workers (Jakarta, Indonesia)
IDU (Guangxi, China)
Sex workers (Guangxi, China)
IDU (Hanoi, Vietnam)
Sex workers (Hanoi, Vietnam)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Central Bangladesh
Sichuan, China*
Delhi, India
Surabaya, Indonesia
Katmandhu Valley, Nepal
Bangkok, Thailand**
Hanoi, Vietnam
Unprotected commercial sex Commercial sex with a condom
Source: Behavioural surveillance reports
High proportions of men who inject drugs are also clients of
sex workers
%
Condom use,Female sex workers
HIV prevalence, female sex workers
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
%
Source: Cambodia National Center for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STDs, Ministry of Health
Increasing condom use and decreasing HIV infections in
Cambodia
Used needle after other
injector last time
Used needle after other
injector in the last week
Reported STI symptom past year*
Sought medical treatment for
STI**
Per
cen
t
Participated in needle exchange
Did not participate
51
59
72
90
38
1621
17
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Needle-exchange programmes promote healthy sexual behaviour
and safe injection
Source: National behavioural surveillance data
* of sexually active respondents; ** of respondents reporting STIs
Bangladesh
Asia’s HIV prevention successes have three features in common
1. They recognize and target the behaviors that are causing most new infections
2. They use the most effective interventions that directly reduce the risk of HIV transmission
3. They provide the services to the population at greatest risk of HIV exposure
63 000
115 000
200 000
8 500
110 000
0 50 000 100 000 150 000 200 000 250 000
Men and womenneeding
antiretrovirals
Prisoners needingprevention services
High-risk MSM needing
condoms and lubricant
Drug injectors needing
needles and condoms
Sex workers needingcondoms and STI
services
Source: Based on national estimates of people at risk for HIV, Ministry of Health , Indonesia
Treatment is critical, and HIV prevention services remain a major
priorityin Indonesia
Adult prevalence %
15.0% − 39.0%5.0% − 15.0%1.0% − 5.0%0.5% − 1.0%0.1% − 0.5%0.0% − 0.1%not available
HIV prevalence in adults, end 200338 million people [range: 35-42 million] living with HIV as of end 2003
HIV prevalence among 15−24-year-oldsin selected sub-Saharan African countries,
2001−2003
0
5
10
15
20
Niger
(2002)
Mali
(2001)
Burundi
(2002)
Kenya
(2003)
Zambia
(2001-2002)
South Africa(2003)
Zimbabwe
(2001-2002)
% H
IV p
revale
nce
Men Women
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 7)
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