DOI: 10.30465/LIR.2020.33381.1215 Psychoanalytic Analysis

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Literary Interdisciplinary Research, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies (IHCS)

Semiannual Journal, Volume 2, Issue 4, Winter and Spring 2021, Pages. 191-220

DOI: 10.30465/LIR.2020.33381.1215

Psychoanalytic Analysis of the Characters of Two Male and Female

Heroes in Souvashun's Novel Based on Karen Horne's Theory of

"Nervousness" Mohammad Ali Rezaei ∗

∗∗ eh ZirakDr. Sar

Dr. Amir Ismail Azar ***

Abstract

In this article, two main characters of Souvashun's novel (Yousef and Zari) are

psychoanalyzed by Karen Horney's theory of nervousness. Karen Horneydescribes different

types of neurotic behavior as a result of overusing coping strategies to deal with basic anxiety

caused by interpersonal relationships. She identified three broad categories of three neurotic

needs in her theory: needs for power, prestige and affection. Horney considers the presence

of anxiety as the main sign of nervous conflict in personality. Psychoanalytic analysis

showed that the male character of the novel (Joseph) reflects all kinds of natural desires,

feelings, and behaviors without anxiety, and that his behavioral contradictions are the kind of

natural contradictions seen in ordinary human beings. But the character of the female one

(Zari) is very anxious. The fundamental contradiction in his behavior reflects the symptoms

of a benevolent nervous personality. Severe anxiety in Zari's character breaks down his

character's defense structure. Eventually the fear of madness comes. Here, the neurotic

character prepares to heal and undergo treatment. In Souvashun's novel, Dr. Abdullah Khan,

by referring Zarito her real self, helps her overcome the gap between her imaginary self and

his real self and regain her lost courage.

Keywords: Souvashun, Psychoanalysis, Character, Nervousness, Anxiety.

∗ PhD Student in Persian Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch,

Tehran, Iran, E-mail: ma.rezaei@ymail.com ∗∗ (Corresponding Author) Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University,

Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran, sare.zirak@srbiau.ac.ir

*** Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research

Branch, Tehran, Iran, Drazar.ir@gmail.com

Date of receipt: 2020-10-16, Date of acceptance: 2020-12-05

Copyright © 2010, IHCS (Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies). This is an Open Access article. This

work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this

license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866,

Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

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