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Do-Now: Write the questions and answers.
• The characteristics of all organisms are determined by the instructions carried in their _____.A) sugar basesB) amino acidsC) DNAD) ribosomes
• Which of the following best describes a carbohydrate.A) used for energyB) store energy for very long periods of timeC) used in immune responses.
SB1C
Identify the function of the four major macromolecules:-carbohydrates-proteins-lipids-nucleic acids
Article: Healthy Fats
• Free Write: 5-6 sentences, 6-7 terms
• “Soybeans are important to nutrition…”
Omega-3SDAEPAGenetically modified
Fish oilgenecellenzyme
Nutrition scientistsmercury
EAT LIKE AN OLYMPIAN
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Of0-MQg1YPg
Do Now• Organic molecules called ___ are insoluble
in water, are often found in biological membranes and other waterproof coverings, and have the ability to store energy for extended periods of time.
• A cell’s work is carried out by many different types of molecules. ____ are especially important because they are involved in cell signaling, immune response, and enzyme activity.Word bank: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Do Now
• Protein molecules are composed of long chains of __________.A) RNAB) amino acidsC) DNAD) ribosomes
• Where in the cell are proteins made?
MACROMOLECULES• “large molecules”• Made mostly of carbon,
hydrogen, and some other molecules
• Macromolecules are versatile molecules from which everything is formed.
• biochemistry is the study of these molecules that form life.
9
Carbon is a Versatile Atom
•Carbon has four electrons in its outer shell, so it can bond to 4 other molecules.
10
Shape of Organic Molecules
•Each type of organic
molecule has a unique three-dimensional
structureThe structure of a molecule determines its function in an
organism
Macromolecules are made of many small subunits bonded together– Monomers are the individual
subunits.– Polymers are made of many
monomers
Where did they come from?
• The primordial Earth (over 3 billion years ago) was a very different place than today– greater amounts of energy– stronger storms– many active volcanoes
• Stanley Miller wanted to show that organic compounds came from inorganic chemicals present in the atmosphere at that time.
• amino acids formed. • Subsequent modifications of
the experiment produced all four organic macromolecule classes.
There are 4 types of macromolecules that
make up all living things.
• Carbohydrates• Lipids• Proteins• Nucleic acids
• Function –main source of energy for cells–part of cell structure
• Cellulose in cell walls of plants• Chitin in cell walls of Fungi and
exoskeleton of insects
• Monomer – simple sugar or glucose
Carbohydrates
•Part of cell• Chloroplast• Mitochondria
• Examples –• Sugar• Starch
• Food sources of carbohydrates include sugar, breads, rice, pasta, etc.
• Function - –Store energy –Make up cell membranes –Makes hormones–waterproofing and insulation.
Lipids
• Functions–enzymes that regulate cell
processes– transport
molecules across cell membranes.
– Build tissues like muscle and bone
– Fight infection and disease
Proteins
• Monomers – amino acids
• Parts of cell – almost all parts of cell
• Examples – food sources• Meat• Eggs• Dried beans or peas• Milk• Cheese
Amino acid
• Function –DNA stores
genetic information.
• RNA builds proteins.
•Monomer - nucleotide
Nucleic Acids
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