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CrossRef: Using metadata CrossRef: Using metadata CrossRef: Using metadata CrossRef: Using metadata and identifiers to improve and identifiers to improve and identifiers to improve and identifiers to improve scholarly communicationsscholarly communicationsscholarly communicationsscholarly communications
Ed PentzExecutive Director, CrossRef
Chair, ORCID BoardBoard Member, International DOI Foundation
Photo: `R4cH3L on Flickr
• CrossRef: membership association of publishers
• Founded for strategic reasons: services best achieved collaboratively
• 16 member board of directors from membership
• Broad church: Commercial, societies, non-profits, university presses, OA publishers – 66% non-profit
• All subjects: STM, humanities, social science, professional
• A powerful NETWORK
Strategic .orgStrategic .orgStrategic .orgStrategic .org
Technical Technical Technical Technical InfrastructureInfrastructureInfrastructureInfrastructure
• Unique identification
• Persistent citation and linking - DOIs
• Managed system – no broken links
• Content discoverable
Provides an organizational
foundation for widespread linking
• One agreement with CrossRef
is a linking agreement with all
other CrossRef participants
• Membership association for
cooperative development of a
digital linking infrastructure
• Business model neutral
Services•Cross-publisher reference linking
•Cross-publisherCited-by linking
•Cross-publisher metadata feeds
•Cross-publisher plagiarism screening
•Cross-publisherupdate identification
•Cross-publisherfunder identification
•Cross-publishertext and data mining
Powered by
iThenticate
0
10,000,000
20,000,000
30,000,000
40,000,000
50,000,000
60,000,000
70,000,000
20022003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Lots of content
Journals, 54,495,157
Standards, 131,652
Books, 8,764,312
Conferences, 3,810,759
Components, 1,714,767
More than journals
0
275,000,000
550,000,000
825,000,000
1,100,000,000
200220032004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Est
Lots of users getting to content
5,375 participating organizations
1,906 libraries
Identifiers + Metadata
Services + Community
=
Powerful system for collaboration: persistent linking, discoverability, trust
A standard way of reporting funding sources for published scholarly research
National Institutes of Health
NIH? N.I.H.? National Institute of Health?
Abbreviations, misspellings, translations...
Funding bodies cannot easily track the published output of funding
Publishers cannot easily report which articles result from research supported by specific funders or grants
Institutions cannot easily link funding received to published output
Lack of standard metadata for funding sources makes it difficult to analyse or data mine
Why does this matter?
Publishers
Relationship with authors submitting
manuscripts
Established publishing and peer-review
systems
Funders
Relationship with researchers funded by
agencies
Established award systems and research management processes
FundRef Registry
8,000 funder names and ID numbers from curated Elsevier SciVal registry, donated to FundRef
Hosted by CrossRef, available under CC0
Will be added to and updated
Publishers to use this list to ensure consistency
www.crossref.org/fundref/fundref_registry.html
DOI
FundingSource
Award Number
DOI
FundingSource
Award Number
Look up funding data
http://search.crossref.org/fundref
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5993-8592
ORCID
Live ORCID iDs - 964,638
Works with unique DOIs - 2,222,880
ORCID iDs in CrossRef - 134,386
Data
Data
Data
Data
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001975
Collaboration: DOI Community
Collaboration: DOI Community
Multiple IDs & Orgs• CrossRef DOIs
• DataCite DOIs
• Japan Link Center DOIs
• Other DOI Registration Agencies
• Funder IDs
• ORCID IDs
• [License metadata]
APIs essential
• Combination of free and “for fee” APIs
• Charge for services - not data
• http://api.crossref.org/
http://api.crossref.org/works?filter=has-orcid:true
Identifiers + Metadata
Services + Community
=
Powerful system for collaboration: persistent linking, discoverability, trust
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