View
250
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.1 Overview of four tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.
Nervous tissue: Internal communication• Brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Muscle tissue: Contracts to cause movement• Muscles attached to bones (skeletal)• Muscles of heart (cardiac)• Muscles of walls of hollow organs (smooth)
Epithelial tissue: Forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters• Skin surface (epidermis)• Lining of GI tract organs and other hollow organs
Connective tissue: Supports, protects, bindsother tissues together• Bones• Tendons• Fat and other soft padding tissue
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.1a Types of epithelial tissues. (1 of 2)
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.1a Types of epithelial tissues. (2 of 2)
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.1b Types of epithelial tissues.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.5 Types of multicellular exocrine glands. (DON’T NEED TO KNOW DETAILS)
Compound duct structure(duct branches)
Simple tubular
ExampleIntestinal glands
Simple branchedtubular
ExampleStomach (gastric)glands
Compound tubular
ExampleDuodenal glands of small intestine
Compound alveolarExampleMammary glands
Simplealveolar
ExampleNo importantexample in humans
Simple branchedalveolar
ExampleSebaceous (oil)glands
Compoundtubuloalveolar
ExampleSalivary glands
Tubularsecretorystructure
Alveolarsecretorystructure
Surface epithelium Duct Secretory epithelium
Simple duct structure(duct does not branch)
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Nuclei of simple squamous cell Red blood cells
Lumen of venule
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Simple squamous cells
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Simple squamous cell
Nucleus
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.3c Epithelial tissues.
(c) Simple columnar epithelium
Description: Single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei; some cells bear cilia; layer may contain mucus-secreting unicellular glands (goblet cells).
Function: Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliary action.
Location: Nonciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (stomach to anal canal),gallbladder, and excretory ducts of someglands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regionsof the uterus.
Photomicrograph: Simple columnar epitheliumof the stomach mucosa (860X).
Simplecolumnarepithelialcell
Basementmembrane
Microvilli
NucleusSimple columnar cell
Simple columnar cellGoblet cell
Microvilli
Goblet cells (secreting)
Simple columnar epithelial cells
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.4 Goblet cell (unicellular exocrine gland).
(b)(a)
Microvilli
Secretoryvesiclescontainingmucin
Golgiapparatus
Rough ER
Nucleus
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.3 Fibrous connective tissue. (DON’T NEED TO KNOW THE CELL TYPES, EXCEPT FOR FIBROBLAST.)
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Table 4.1 Types of connective tissues
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Dense irregular connective tissue Collagen fibers
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.8e Connective tissues.
(e) Connective tissue proper: dense connective tissue, dense irregular
Description: Primarilyirregularly arranged collagenfibers; some elastic fibers;major cell type is the fibroblast.
Function: Able to withstandtension exerted in manydirections; provides structuralstrength.
Location: Fibrous capsules oforgans and of joints; dermis ofthe skin; submucosa ofdigestive tract.
Photomicrograph: Dense irregularconnective tissue from the dermis of theskin (400x).
Collagenfibers
Nuclei offibroblasts
Fibrousjointcapsule
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.8f Connective tissues.
(f) Connective tissue proper: dense connective tissue, elastic
Description: Dense regularconnective tissue containing a highproportion of elastic fibers.
Function: Allows recoil of tissuefollowing stretching; maintainspulsatile flow of blood througharteries; aids passive recoil of lungsfollowing inspiration.
Location: Walls of large arteries;within certain ligaments associatedwith the vertebral column; within thewalls of the bronchial tubes.
Elastic fibers
Aorta
HeartPhotomicrograph: Elastic connective tissue inthe wall of the aorta (250x).
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.5a Examples of special connective tissues.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.5b Examples of special connective tissues.
Covering and lining membranes
• Epithelial
– Cutaneous (skin)
– Mucous (body cavities that open to the exterior
– Serous (closed body cavities)
• Synovial (connective tissue)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 4.11 Classes of membranes.
Cutaneous membrane(skin
Mucosa of nasalcavity
Mucosa of lungbronchi
Mucosa of mouth
Esophagus lining
Parietal pericardium
Visceral pericardium
(a) Cutaneous membrane (the skin) covers the body surface.
(b) Mucous membranes line body cavities open to the exterior.
(c) Serous membranes line body cavities closed to the exterior.
Parietalperitoneum
Visceralperitoneum
Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
Synovial membranes
• Connective tissue, not epithelial
• Lines synovial cavities, which are fluid-filled (joints)
Recommended