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CONTENTS
9-1 Simple Past Tense: Using Where, Why, When, and What Time9-2 Questions with What9-3 Questions with Who and Whom9-4 Simple Past Tense: Irregular Verbs (Group 5)9-5 Simple Past Tense: Irregular Verbs (Group 6)9-6 Simple Past Tense: Irregular Verbs (Group 7)9-7 Before and After in Time Clauses9-8 When in Time Clauses9-9 Present Progressive and Past Progressive9-10 Using While with the Past Progressive9-11 Simple Past Tense vs. Past Progressive
3
Where did you go?
9-1 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY, WHEN, AND WHAT TIME
4
QUESTION SHORT ANSWER
(a) Did you go home? Yes, I did.No, I didn’t.
(b) Where did you go? Home.
(c) Were you at home? Yes, I was.No, I wasn’t.
(d) Where were you? Home.
9-1 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY, WHEN, AND WHAT TIME
5
QUESTION SHORT ANSWER
(e) Did you drive because you were late?
Yes, I did.No, I didn’t.
(f) Why did you drive? Because I was late.
(g) Did Ali go at six? Yes, he did.No, he didn’t.
(h) When What time
At six.did Ali go?
9-1 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY, WHEN, AND WHAT TIME
6
WHEN
(i) What time did Ali go?
At four.Twelve o’clock.Around 4:30.
WHAT TIME
(j) When did Ali go?
At four.Twelve o’clock.Around 4:30.On Friday.Last month.November 29th.
various
9-1 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY, WHEN, AND WHAT TIME
7
To learn English. (I went to class to learn English.)
9-1 Let’s Practice
Why did you go to
class
____________________?
8
Did you eat breakfast Yes, I did.
(I ate breakfast.)
9-1 Let’s Practice
_________________?
9
Nothing.(I didn’t eat breakfast.)
What did you eatfor breakfast
9-1 Let’s Practice
_________________________?
10
What did Joe see?
9-2 QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
11
A bat. He saw a bat.
Yes, he did. He saw a bat.
(a) Did Joe see a bat?
(b) What did Joe see?
QUESTION + HELPING + SUBJECT + MAINWORD VERB VERB
9-2 QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
12
An apple. She’s eating an apple.
Yes, she is. She’s eating an apple.
(c) Is Jen eating an apple?
(d) What is Jen eating?
QUESTION + HELPING + SUBJECT + MAINWORD VERB VERB
9-2 QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
13
(e) Sam drank some milk.
(f) What did Sam drink?
S V O
some milk object of the verb
O V S V
object of the verbWhat
9-2 QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
14
They saw a movie.
What did they see
9-2 Let’s Practice
A movie.SHORT ANSWER
LONG ANSWER
__________________?
15
_______________________________?
I got a computer for my birthday.
What did you get for your birthday
A computer.
9-2 Let’s Practice
SHORT ANSWER
LONG ANSWER
16
______________________?What do they like to do
9-2 Let’s Practice
They like to fish.
Fish.SHORT ANSWER
LONG ANSWER
17
Who did you see?
9-3 QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
18
She saw Oscar.
A bird.
QUESTION ANSWER
(a) What did she see?
(b) Who did she see? Oscar.
She saw a bird.
9-3 QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
What things
Who people
19
Oscar.
QUESTION ANSWER
(c) Who did she see?
(d) Whom did she see? Oscar.
Whom
Who
She saw Oscar.
She saw Oscar.
same meaning
9-3 QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
20
Whom
Who
formal English
everyday English
9-3 QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
21
Oscar.
QUESTION ANSWER
(e) Who(m) did she see?
Who(m) object of verb
She saw Oscar.
O
9-3 QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
O
22
Pedro.
QUESTION ANSWER
(g) Who did that?
(h) Who knows her?Lea.
Pedro did that.
Lea knows her.
S
9-3 QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
S
S
S S
(f) Who came?
Zoe. Zoe came. S
23
Who read the email?
Mariella emailed Abe. Abe read the message. Abe called Mariella.
Mariella.Who emailed Abe?
Abe.
Abe.Who called Mariella.
9-3 Let’s Practice
24
Who went for a ride with Amin?
Jalal bought a new car. His daughter, Amin, borrowed it. She took Jane for a ride.
Who borrowed it?
Jalal.Who bought a new car?
Amin.
Jane.
9-3 Let’s Practice
25
How much did your car cost?
9-4 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
26
PRESENT PAST
cost cost
How much does it cost ?
How much didit cost last year?
9-4 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
27
PRESENT PAST
forget forgot
Did I forget yourbirthday?
I forgot your birthdaylast year.
9-4 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
28
PRESENT PAST
give gave
She gives me very nice gifts.
Yesterday shegave me a CD.
9-4 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
29
PRESENT PAST cut cut hit hit hurt hurt lend lent make made shut shut spend spent
understand understood
9-4 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
30
Did you shut the oven door?
9-4 Let’s Practice
Yes, I the oven door.
shut
31
Did you make that cake for me?
9-4 Let’s Practice
Yes, I it for your birthday.
made
32
Sometimes I spendtoo much money.
9-4 Let’s Practice
I know. Last week you$200.
spent
33
The wind blew very hard yesterday.
9-5 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
34
PRESENT PAST
blow blew
Sometimes the wind blows hard.
Last week itblew very hard.
9-5 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
35
PRESENT PAST
grow grew
He grows tomatoesin his garden.
He grew manytomatoes last year.
9-5 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
36
PRESENT PAST
swim swam
We swim in theocean in the summer.
We swam in theocean last summer.
9-5 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
37
PRESENT PAST
draw drew fall fellfeel felt
keep kept know knew throw threw win won
9-5 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
38
I tomatoes,carrots, and beets.
What did you grow in your garden?
9-5 Let’s Practice
grew
39
I know. He off his bicycle yesterday.
Sometimes he falls off hisbicycle.
9-5 Let’s Practice
fell
40
Teresa became a dentist.
9-6 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)
41
PRESENT PAST
become became
You can becomea doctor.
Alisa became adoctor last year.
9-6 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)
42
PRESENT PAST
build built
My mom buildsoffice buildings.
She built a new one in our city.
9-6 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)
43
PRESENT PAST
bend bentbite bitfeed fed
fight fought hide hid hold held shake shook
9-6 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)
44
When I am scared, I ____. Yesterday I saw a snake. I ___.
9-6 Let’s Practice
hidehid
hide hid
45
9-6 Let’s Practice
What did I do when I saw the snake?
You ___.hid
hide hid
46
Every afternoon, we ____ the horses. We ___ them today at 3 o’clock.fed
feed
9-6 Let’s Practice
feed fed
47
What did we do at 3:00 this afternoon?You ____________.
9-6 Let’s Practice
fed the horses
feed fed
48
They ate dinner before I arrived.
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
We ate dessert after I arrived.
49
(a) They ate dinner. S V
a complete sentence
= a main clause
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
(b) before I arrived = a time clause
an incomplete sentence
S V
50
(c) They ate dinner before I arrived.S V main clause time clause
A time clause must connect with a main clause.
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
(d) Before I arrived, they ate dinner. main clausetime clause
S V
51
They ate dinner before I arrived.
main clause time clause
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
52
Before I arrived, they ate dinner.
time clause, main clause
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
53
(d) Before I arrived, they ate dinner. time clause
before + S + V
after + S + Vtime clauses
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
(e) We ate dessert after I arrived.time clause
S V
S V
54
(e) We ate dessert after I arrived.main clause time clause
(f) After I arrived, we ate dessert.main clausetime clause
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
55
(g) I read a book after dinner.prep. phrase
(h) I watched TV before dinner.prep. phrase
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
after + noun
before + noun=
prepositional phrase
N
N
56
Before we moved to Maryland,
we lived in California.
time clause main clause
9-7 Let’s Practice
? ?
57
? ?
I studied very hard
before the test.
time clause main clause
9-7 Let’s Practice
58
After we studied,
we went out.
time clause main clause
9-7 Let’s Practice
? ?
59
When the rain stopped, we took a walk.
9-8 WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
60
(a) When the rain stopped, we took a walk.
We took a walk when the rain stopped.
When can introduce a time clause.
time clauses
9-8 WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
OR
61
Arnoldo lived in Peru when he was young.
noun pronoun (Arnoldo) (he)
(b) When Arnoldo was young, he lived in Peru.
9-8 WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
OR
62
(c) When did the snow stop? = a question
(d) when the snow stopped = a time clause
a question = a complete sentence
9-8 WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
a time clause = not a sentence
63
When he served dinner,
A. I went to a party.
B. I sat down to eat.
C. she began exercising.
9-8 Let’s Practice
64
A. she climbed a mountain.
When she went swimming,
B. she bought a tiger.
C. she got wet.
9-8 Let’s Practice
65
A. her feet hurt.
When Josey wore her new shoes,
B. when she went to school.
C. we ran home.
9-8 Let’s Practice
66
It is 7P.M. now. Alexis is shopping.
9-9 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST PROGRESSIVE
Yesterday at 7P.M.,Alexis was shopping.
67
(a) It’s noon now. Angie is eating lunch.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
(b) I saw her at noon yesterday. She was eating lunch.
PAST PROGRESSIVE
9-9 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST PROGRESSIVE
68
(c) It’s noon. I am eating lunch.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE FORM:
AM
IS It’s noon. Jung is eating lunch.
It’s noon. We are eating lunch.
+ -ING
+ -ING
+ -INGARE
9-9 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST PROGRESSIVE
69
(d) It was noon.
PAST PROGRESSIVE FORM:
WAS
WERE
Jung was eating lunch.+ -ING
+ -INGWe were going to class.
9-9 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST PROGRESSIVE
70
When I saw my teacher,
she ___________ at her
watch. She was late.
9-9 Let’s Practice
was looking
look
71
When I arrived, the students
__________the test.were taking
take
9-9 Let’s Practice
72
When the class started, he
_________ in his seat.was sitting
9-9 Let’s Practice
sit
73
Mary went to her yoga class last night. The class _______ at 5:00 and ______ at 7:00.
9-9 Let’s Practice
startedended
startend
74
She had fun while she was flying.
9-10 USING WHILE WITH THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
75
(a) She had fun while she was flying.
(b) While she was flying, she had fun.
while + subject + verb = a time clause
9-10 USING WHILE WITH THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
76
(a) She had fun while she was flying.
(b) While she was flying, she had fun.
activity in progress
activity happened
9-10 USING WHILE WITH THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
77
He was fixing his car.He hurt his back.
9-10 Let’s Practice
While ___________ his car he _________his back.
,he was fixinghurt
78
It started snowing.I was driving to work.
9-10 Let’s Practice
While ____________________, ________________.
I was driving to workit started snowing
79
While he _________________, ___________________.
He was running to work.He looked at his watch.
9-10 Let’s Practice
he looked at his watchwas running to work
___________________ while _______________________.He looked at his watchhe was running to work
80
Kyung emailed me last week.
9-11 SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
I was studying whenKyung emailed me.
81
(a) Kyung emailed me this morning.
(b) I studied for two hours on Monday.
(c) We visited my mom on Saturday.
(d) They watched a movie last night.
began and ended at a time in the past
Simple Past
9-11 SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
82
activity in progress when another action happened
(e) I was cooking when Jill came over last night.
(f) While I was cooking last night, Jill came over.
Past Progressive
9-11 SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
83
(g) I ordered dinner when the waiter came over.
first
9-11 SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
second
84
(h) When the movie ended, I walked out.
(i) When the movie ended, I was walking out.
COMPARE
1 2
12
9-11 SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
85
When the bell ____, we ____
home.
wentrang
9-11 Let’s Practice
ring go
86
While I ___________,
my dog ________.ran away
was sleeping
9-11 Let’s Practice
sleep run away
87
When I ___ my wife, I
________ in Berlin.
met
was living
9-11 Let’s Practice
meet live
88
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