Colonization to Reform

Colonization

Religion (God)

Faster/Cheaper route to Asia

Wealth (Gold)

Fame (Glory)

National Pride

Curiosity

16016077Jamestown,

VirginiaEconomic $$$

Gold Tobacco

1620Plymouth, Massachusetts

Religious Freedom

Puritans

Pilgrims

New EnglandMassachusetts: Pilgrims &

Puritans

Middle ColoniesPennsylvania: Quakers

Southern ColoniesVirginia: Plantations &

Slavery

Between Atlantic Ocean and Appalachian

Mountains

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut

$$$ Fishing, Whaling, Merchants

Rocky soil, harsh cold winters, subsistence farming

New YorkNew JerseyPennsylvaniaDelaware

Diverse population

Fertile soil, uncleared forest

$$$ Agriculture, fishing, logging, & merchants

“Bread Basket of the Colonies”

MarylandVirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaGeorgia

Warmer climate, long growing season, fertile soil$$$ Cash Crops: Tobacco, cotton, indigo, rice

Plantations & Slavery

Triangular Trade

Mercantilism

Middle Passage

Massachusetts

Rhode Island: Religious toleration

First Great Awakening: Power of religion in people’s lives

•Roger Williams•Anne Hutchinson

•Pilgrims•Puritans

•Jonathan Edwards•George Whitefield

Pennsylvania: Religious toleration •William Penn (Quaker)

All souls are equal in the eyes of God

Magna Carta

Limited power of the king

English Bill of Rights

Lords and elected representatives

Parliament

Citizens’ Rights

Mayflower Compact

Self-government

Virginia House of Burgesses

Representative Government

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

(Thomas Hooker)First written constitution in colonies

Slaves•no political voice, no rights•Labor source for plantations•Property•Found refuge in family, religion and active resistance

Freed Blacks•no political voice, Limited rights•Low wages•Lowest social class•Limited access to education•Socially isolated•Refuge was family, religion and resistance

Revolution

Ohio River ValleyNative American

LandFrench had hunting rights

British moving in

Fighting breaks out

French and Most Indian Tribes British, American

Colonists

Benjamin FranklinColonies unite to fight French

One government

French leave

British territory doubles

British war debt

Proclamation Line of 1763Don’t go past Appalachians

Navigation Acts

Proclamation of 1763

Sugar Act (Tax)

Stamp Act (Tax on paper)

Boston Massacre

Townshend Acts

Tea Act

Boston Tea Party

Intolerable/Coercive Acts

“Taxation without representation!”

No room for you at the table!!!

Appointed George Washington leader of the Continental Army

Olive Branch Petition

Declaration of IndependenceArticles of Confederation

Second Continental CongressThomas Jefferson

List of Grievances

Unalienable rights

People have right to overthrow oppressive government

Reasons for declaring independence

The Colonies wrote a letter to England.

What was the letter called?

The letter was like a…

What did the letter say?

Life

Liberty

Pursuit of Happiness

• Taxation without representation

• King has absolute power

• Colonists not allowed to speak out against the King

• Quartering Act forced colonists to house troops

• Allowed homes to be searched without warrants

• No trial by jury of peers

John Locke• Natural Rights• Consent of the governed

William Blackstone• Laws must protect citizen’s rights

Charles de Montesquieu• Separation of powers

After the Declaration of Independence the

Colonies were the…United States of

Americabut what did they need?

The 1st plan of Government was the….

Lexington and Concord

“Shot hear around the world”

Winter at Valley Forge

Train soldiers

Battle of Saratoga

French came to help Americans

Battle of Yorktown

Last battle/Cornwallis surrendered

Benjamin Franklin

Samuel Adams

King George III

Thomas Jefferson

Ambassador to France

Sons of Liberty

Ruler of Great Britain

Declaration of Independence

Thomas Paine

George Washington

Abigail Adams

John Adams

Wrote “Common Sense”

Continental Army

“Remember the Ladies!”

Argued for independence

Wentworth Cheswell

Mercy Otis Warren

James Armistead

Midnight rider to warn colonists/ Battle of Saratoga

Propagandist for the Patriots

Spy for Lafayette

Bernardo de Galvez

Crispus Attucks

Haym Solomon

Led Spanish armies against the British

Fist killed in the Boston Massacre

Jewish financier of the American Revolution

Lexington and Concord

“Shot hear around the world”

Winter at Valley Forge

Train soldiers

Battle of Saratoga

French came to help Americans

Battle of Yorktown

Last battle/Cornwallis surrendered

Treaty of Paris 1783

Great Britain recognizes the United States

-Ended American Revolution

-1783Treaty of Paris

-Colonies became the United States of

America

Constitution Era

The 1st plan of Government was the….

Who did it make stronger the…

ORFederal

Government

State Governmen

t

Central Governme

nt

Regulate Trade

Power to tax

National Courts

National Army

Why did they make a government that made the states stronger?

Scared of too strong of a

Government

Northwest Ordinance

1. Divided land into chunks

-A law-1787

Northwest Ordinance

2. Created a way for states to be

made

1787Shays’ Rebellion

Massachusetts farmers not being

paid

Farms were

foreclosed

Shays Rebellion

Government could not put down the rebellion

Weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation exposed

1787Philadelphia Convention

Constitutional Convention

-55

-DelegatesRepresentative

-May, 1787

FRAMERS

Scrapped Articles of Confederation

Drafted a new constitution

-Wrote the Virginia Plan

-Father of the Constitution

James Madison

-Studied for a whole year about history and politics

-Government controlled by

the Peopleby electing

representatives

Republic

Virginia PlanNew

Jersey Plan

- 3 Branches - 3

Branches

Makes LawsMakes Taxes

CongressLegislative Branch:Job:

Executive Branch:Enforces Laws

PresidentJob:

Judicial Branch:Interprets (explains) Laws

All the CourtsJob:

Great Compromise:

(Became the Constitution)

Large States

Virginia Plan

Proportional to a state’s population

Small States

New Jersey Plan

1 2 3

Equal representation

OROR

Virginia PlanNew

Jersey Plan

- 3 Branches

- # of Reps based on

population

- 3 Branches

- Equal #of reps for all

states

Great Compromise:

(Became the Constitution)

What keeps the power even

between all of the branches?

Southern States

Slaves fully counted in population

Northern States

Slaves should not be counted at all.

Three-Fifths (3/5)

Compromise

Five slaves =

three free persons

1787Where was the Constitution sent

after it was written?

Why was the Constitution sent to

the states?

1787What two groups fought over the

ratification of the Constitution?

FederalistFederalistAnti-

FederalistAnti-

Federalist

Why did these two

groups fight?

Why did these two

groups fight?

What is the Bill of Rights?

A formal change to an official document

Amendment =

Why is the Constitution amended?

2/3 of Congres

s

2/3 of States-Or-

Ratified by ¾

States

Amendment Process

What were the essays that the

Federalists printed in the newspaper

called?

FederalistFederalist

Why did they write the Federalist

papers?

FederalistFederalist

FederalistFederalist

James Madison

-Writer of Federalist Papers

-Believed in Federalism (Shared power)

Alexander Hamilton

-Writer of Federalist Papers

-Believed the National Government could do what was Necessary and proper to protect freedom

John Jay

-Writer of Federalist Papers

-Believed that a strong central government was necessary for protection

Patrick Henry

-Gave speeches against RATIFICATION

-Did not go to the Constitutional Convention because he “smelled a rat”

George Mason

-Leader of the Anti-Federalist

-Believed in restricting the federal governments power

-Wanted a Bill of Rights for peoples protection

-Virginia Delegate

Anti-FederalistAnti-Federalist

no quartering troops during peace time

Amendment 3

Rights not given to the Federal government are

given to the States

Amendment 10

bear arms

Amendment 2

right to trial by jury in the civil trials

Amendment 7

no search and seizure without warrant

Amendment 4

Citizens get more rights then just these

Amendment 9

right to do process, not to be tried for the same

crime twice

Amendment 5

freedom of speech, press, religion, and assembly

Amendment 1

right to speedy public trial

Amendment 6

No cruel and unusual punishment

Amendment 8

established freedom of religion.

What is it called that the Government cannot be a

part of anything religious?

Amendment 1

1789George Washington

Who and when was the 1st president?

Leaders establish ways that life/jobs should be done that people follow after.

Ex. Name, union, terms, oath

Precedent:

What was one of the most important precedents that

George Washington set?

A group that leads different departments

and gives the president advice.

Cabinet:

The First Presidential Cabinet

Definition: oversee the nation’s defenses.

Secretary of War:

Henry Knox

Definition: oversee the relations between the U.S. and other countries.

The First Presidential CabinetSecretary of State:

Thomas Jefferson

Definition: to manage the government’s money.

The First Presidential CabinetSecretary of Treasury:

Alexander Hamilton

Definition: to advise the government on legal matters.

The First Presidential Cabinet

Edmond Randolph

Attorney General:

Definition: Leader of the Supreme Court

The First Presidential CabinetChief Justice:

John Jay

Definition: 2nd to the President

The First Presidential CabinetVice President:

John Adams

What was one of the biggest issues that the United States had in

1789?

The making, selling, and buying of

products.

Economy

Hamilton created a how many part plan?

4 part Financial plan

Pay off WAR DEBTPart 1:

Whisky tax.

Part 2:

Protective TariffsPart 3:

Create a NATIONAL

BANK

Part 4:

Why did these two guys oppose

Hamilton’s plan?

This debate created what?

VS

What other countries started fighting a war

that lasted many years?

V.S.

What did this guy decide?

Farewell AddressWashington

Warns against 3 things:1. Alliances that

will drag us into war

2. Political Parties (He hates

them)3. Getting into

Debt

John Adams-2nd President

XYZ Affair

-American’s want war- Adam’s wants peace

Alien and Sedition Acts

John Adams-2nd President- XYZ Affair

- Alien and Sedition Acts

Thomas Jefferson-3rd President

This doubled the United States’ size!

Lewis and Clark

Sacagawea

British ships started to stop

American ships to look for soldiers who ran away from Britain.

They also started to kidnap US sailors and

force them to fight with

them.

Impressments

Embargo Act

To stop this from happening

Jefferson made the....

This act said that ships

could not trade with anybody from Europe.

This act did not work and really

hurt the Economy

What did the Embargo act do

to the economy?

Thomas Jefferson-3rd President

-Louisiana Purchase-Louis and

Clark- Embargo act of 1807-Believed in Neutrality

James Madison-4th President

What were the causes of the War of 1812?

John C. Calhoun

Oh Say Can You SeeOh Say Can You SeeBy the Dawn’s Early Light…By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- -- Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott KeyFort McHenry-

1814

January 1815- Battle of New

Orleans

Treaty of Ghent – December 1814

.boerner.net

What feeling did this create?

.boerner.net

Nationalism= A feeling of

pride for their country

Henry ClayThe

American System:1. Protective

Tariffs2. National Bank3. Internal

Improvement

James Madison-4th President

-War of 1812

James Monroe-5th President

How did we get florida?

What does this map represent?

What does this picture represent?

Monroe DoctrineMonroe Doctrine

.boerner.net

Why was there a fight over Missouri

becoming a state?

Why was there a fight over Missouri

becoming a state?

Missouri Compromise

Missouri Compromise

Henry Clay-Congressman-Nicknamed the “great compromiser”-Wrote the Missouri Compromise

James Monroe-5th President

-Monroe Doctrine-Missouri

Compromise

John Quincy Adams-6th President“A corrupt

Bargain”“A corrupt

Bargain”

Andrew Jackson-7th President

The The “Common “Common

Man’s”Man’s”Presidential Presidential CandidateCandidate

The The “Common “Common

Man’s”Man’s”Presidential Presidential CandidateCandidate

Nickname:Nickname:Old HickoryOld HickoryNickname:Nickname:Old HickoryOld Hickory

Suffrage Suffrage Requirements in the Requirements in the

Early 1800’sEarly 1800’s

Suffrage Suffrage Requirements in the Requirements in the

Early 1800’sEarly 1800’sSuffrage=the right Suffrage=the right to voteto vote

Suffrage=the right Suffrage=the right to voteto vote

What does the map What does the map show?show?

What does the map What does the map show?show?

Indian Removal ActIndian Removal ActIndian Removal ActIndian Removal ActWhat did the Indian What did the Indian Removal Removal Act do?Act do?

What did the Indian What did the Indian Removal Removal Act do?Act do?

V.S.

CherokeeGeorgia

What was

Jackson’s

response to the

Supreme

Court?

Ignore the Supreme Court. They will have to come stop

us if they think this is wrong.

Ignore the Supreme Court. They will have to come stop

us if they think this is wrong.

What event does this picture show?

What event does this picture show?

Nullification crisis:

John C. Calhoun

War on the bank?

Andrew Jackson-7th President-Indian

Removal Act-Trail of Tears

-Nullification Crisis

-War on the Bank

James K. Polk-11th

President

Manifest Destiny=A belief that America would expand from Sea to Sea.

What are these 2 oceans

What are these 2 oceans

Manifest Destiny=A belief that America would expand from Sea to Sea.

More then 300,000- 49’s went to Cali. by 1850

James K. Polk-11th

President-Manifest Destiny(Westward Expansion)

Urbanization

Free Enterprise

People could choose what they wanted to produce, how they wanted to sell it, and to who.

Laissez-FaireThe American belief that government should not have a say in business, but only to protect people’s business rights

UrbanizationCities becoming larger because people start working more in the city

Eli Whitney

Cyrus McCormickMechanical Reaper

Reform Era

What are some of the negative parts of the U.S. that needed to be reformed?

e Reformed Care for the Mentally ill

Dorothea Dix(1802-1887)

R1-5/7

Susan B. Anthony

R3-6

Harriet Tubman(1820-1913)

e Helped over 300 slaves to freedom.

e $40,000 bounty on her head.

e Served as a Union spy during the Civil War.

e She was a conductor

“Moses”

“Father of American Education”

Horace Mann (1796-1859)

Horace Mann (1796-1859)R3-6

Lucretia Mott Elizabeth Cady Stanton

1848 Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments

R2-6/7

Frederick Douglass (1817-1895)

Frederick Douglass (1817-1895)

1845 The Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass1847 Wrote the “The North Star”

R2-12

What did the art all have in

common during the

1800’s?