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Cold War. Chapter 32. I. Introduction. Cold War- No Fighting Soviet Union continued to expand after being given territory during and after WWII United States tried to go back to isolationism but felt they could not with the Soviet Union causing problems - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Cold WarChapter 32
I. IntroductionCold War- No FightingSoviet Union continued to expand after being given territory during and after WWIIUnited States tried to go back to isolationism but felt they could not with the Soviet Union causing problemsBerlin was divided up among the WWII Victors
Boils down to West (Democratic) and East (Communist)Berlin Airlift (1948)Berlin Wall (Nov 9, 1989)
II. Cold WarWestern European colonies started to break free from their western bonds
Soviet Union stepped into this power vacuumInstalled Communist Regimes in Eastern Bloc (Eastern Europe)
US steps up to stop Soviet unionTruman Doctrine- “the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.”Marshall Plan- US loaned money to help Western nations to rebuild
II. Cold WarNATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
US, Canada and Western Europe
Warsaw PactFormed in response to NATOSoviet Union and its Eastern Europe satellites
Soviet Union and US were on the verge of a nuclear war
MAD- Mutually Assured Destruction
II. Cold WarIncrease in formal espionage
US- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)Soviet- Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti (KGB)- State Security CommitteeUK- MI-5 and MI-6Corona and Hexagon Programs
II. Cold WarAreas of Conflict
Resulted as a part of Containment PolicyKorea
Already divided as a result of post WWII treatyCommunist North attacks South Korea
US gets involved and pushes into North KoreaChina backs up North Korea, and sends “volunteers” to helpGeneral MacArthur relieved of duty for trying to invade China
Ends back at the 38th N. Parallel
II. Cold WarAreas of Conflict Continued
VietnamUS got involved as a result of France asking for helpCommunist North was trying to take over Democratic SouthUp until that point- Most ordinance ever droppedUp to 550,000 American troopsUS pulls out as a result of extreme anti-war pressure at home
South Vietnam later falls
II. Cold WarAreas of Conflict Continued
CubaCommunist Fidel Castro took over
Bay of Pigs- Failed rebellionSoviet Union planned on building a military base and missile base on Cuba (October 14-28, 1962)Almost brought about an armed conflictSoviet Union eventually backs off on the missiles but keeps the military base
II. Cold WarSpace Race
Sputnik- 1st man-made satellite October 4, 1957Soviets first man in space on April 12, 1961US- 1st men on the moon July 20, 1969Purpose
Plan was to gain surveillance advantages1st goal was manned surveillance2nd goal was satellite surveillance
Concern was a nuclear missile satellite
III. Changes in SocietyUnited States and most of Western Europe went through an economic boom
Europe formed the European Union- made trade easier-eventually brings about EuroIncrease in materialism and consumer goods
Welfare State- Started with Great Britain as a result of the hardships of the war
Government became more involved in economic planningTried to even out social inequalities for poor
Unemployment, medical care, family assistance and public housingDoes improve overall life of poor but at a cost to taxpayers
III. Changes in SocietyRed Scare and McCarthyism
40s-50s- people conformed more to social ideologies (Leave it to Beaver)
Green Movement- political movement (1970’s)Focuses on environmental issues, “social justice” and grassroots democracyWary of extreme economic growth
III. Changes in SocietyWomen Revolution and Sexual Revolution
Increase in Leisure activities- women have more time with use of appliancesPeers become more importantWomen enter into workforce and more goods are marketed to themWomen gain the right to voteEasy access to divorceBirth Control
Brief Baby Boom 1943-1960Approved by FDA in 1960Casual sex becomes more prevalent
III. Changes in SocietyPop Culture
Coca-cola-nization- Spread of US goods to EuropeThe BeatlesUS TV- Bonanza & Dallas
IV. DownfallSoviet Union was very repressive
Limited Orthodox ChurchMost of power held under Stalin
Purges and excessesStagnant Economy- but boasted greatnessNikita Khrushchev- gained power after Stalin- DeStalinization
Allowed a little more freedomMajor economic “Economic Contest” with USCuban Missile CrisisOlympicsSpace Race (part)
IV. DownfallInvasion of Afghanistan under Brezhnev
US and Allies got involvedFunded mujahideen
Brought to light the problems of Soviet UnionEconomic downfall
Could not continue to fund arms raceAlcoholismUnrealistic economic plansQuantity vs. QualityCIA missed this? Odren insight
V. ConclusionCold War brought about some of the problems with Afghanistan and under terroristic organizationsSoviet Union eventually collapsesGovernment involvement in EconomyMajor Reforms in US
Change in the view of the US Presidents
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