View
26
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Classification of Matter. MIXTURE. PURE SUBSTANCE. yes. no. yes. no. Is the composition uniform?. Can it be chemically decomposed?. Colloids. Suspensions. Matter Flowchart. MATTER. yes. no. Can it be physically separated?. Homogeneous Mixture (solution). Heterogeneous Mixture. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Classification of Matter
Matter Flowchart
MATTER
Can it be physically separated?
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element
MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE
yes no
Can it be chemically decomposed?
noyesIs the composition uniform?
noyes
Colloids Suspensions
MATTER
exactly the same properties/composition?
CompoundElement
PURE SUBSTANCE
yesno
only one type of
atom ?noyes
single atoms?metals and nonmetals?
monoatomic molecular ionic molecular
yesnoyes no
MIXTURE
Pure substances
Every sample has exactly the same properties and composition
Examples:
H2O will always consist of 11.2% hydrogen and 88.8% oxygen
N2 will always consist of 100% nitrogen
Pure Substances
Element composed of only one type of atom EX: copper wire, aluminum foil
Pure Substances
Compound
composed of more than one type of atom which are chemically combined in a fixed ratio
properties differ from those of individual elements
EX: table salt (NaCl)
Pure Substances
Law of Definite Composition
A given compound always contains the same, fixed ratio of elements.
Law of Multiple Proportions
Elements can combine in different ratios to form different compounds.
Pure Substances
For example…
Two different compounds, each has a definite composition.
Mixtures
Physical blend of two or more pure substances.
Properties and composition depend on the relative amounts of the components.
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Mixtures
Solution homogeneous very small particles no Tyndall effect Tyndall Effect
particles don’t settle EX: rubbing alcohol
Mixtures
Solution - can occur between any state of matter
Solid in liquid - Kool-aid Liquid in liquid - antifreeze Gas in gas - air Solid in solid - brass Gas in liquid - soda
12
SolutionsSolutions Like all mixtures, they keep the Like all mixtures, they keep the
properties of the components.properties of the components. Some can be separated easily by Some can be separated easily by
physical means: rocks and marbles, physical means: rocks and marbles, iron filings and sulfur iron filings and sulfur
Other methods: Other methods: distillationdistillation- takes - takes advantage of different boiling pointsadvantage of different boiling points
Mixtures
Colloid heterogeneous medium-sized particles Tyndall effect particles don’t settle EX: milk
Mixtures
Suspension heterogeneous large particles Tyndall effect particles settle EX: fresh-squeezed
lemonade
Mixtures
Examples:
mayonnaise
muddy water
fog
saltwater
Italian salad dressing
colloid
suspension
colloid
solution
suspension
16
Compound or MixtureCompound or Mixture
Compound Mixture
composed of one pure substance
composed of two or more pure substances
chemical combination
physical combination
Definitecomposition
Variablecomposition
17
Which is it?Which is it?
ElementCompoundMixture
Matter Flowchart
Examples:
graphite
pizza
sugar (sucrose)
soda
element
hetero. mixture
compound
solution
Recommended