Chapter 3 Structure of colonial administration What we learnt Increasing hold of british parliament...

Chapter 3 Structure of colonial administration

• What we learnt• Increasing hold of british parliament over the

East India Company with no change in the nature and purpose of governance.

• Traders interests were subordinated to the industrialist interest.

• Agencies or pillars of government –civil service

Chapter 4.RURAL LIFE AND SOCIETY

What we will learnAims and objectives of British land

revenue policy.

• Three new systems of lands rights: Permanent settlement(Zamindari), Ryotwari system and Mahalwari system.

• Impact of the three systems ,separately and collectively.

• Commercialization of agriculture.• Revolts of peasantry.

Permanent settlement

• Bihar and Bengal• It made status of Zamindars raised and now

hereditary. Owner of land.89% was required to pay and retain 11% with himself.

• If zamindars failed to collect the revenue then new zamindars appointed and revenue was fixed.

• Results: created new class,polictical allies of Britishers,wasteland came under cultivation,collection of taxes in oppresive manner

Mahalwari System

• Area: parts of North western province, punjab, Delhi ,central India and western U.P.

• Under this Villagers were put together into groups were called Mahal. Land revenue was fixed at 60 % of the product.

Ryotwari System

• Under this sytem no intermediary between state and peasantry.

• Revenue was collected with strictness.• Peasants had to borrow money to pay to the

money lenders

Impact of this systems.

• Britishers crushed entire agriculture economy.• Britishers created new class of zamindars.• Nothing was done to imporve the condition of

agriculture and peasnats.• High revenue was collected even though crops

failed.

• Prepare a table to show all the 3 land revenue system with its later impacts .