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Chapter 17 Section 1Reconstruction Plans
Post Civil War America• Because Southern states had
seceded from the Union, the federal government needed to establish a system by which they could be readmitted.
Post Civil War America
• The economy and society of the South was devastated and needed to be rebuilt.
Reconstruction
• Period of rebuilding from 1865-1896• Refers to the various plans for
readmitting Southern states to the Union.
Lincoln’s Plan• Before his assassination, President
Lincoln had been planning for re-admittance of states during the last few years of the Civil War.
Lincoln’s Plan
• Lincoln felt that punishing the South served no useful purpose and he wanted to offer amnesty-a pardon-to all white Southerners who took an oath of loyalty.
Ten Percent Plan
Plan involved:• When 10% of voters of a state took
an oath of loyalty to the Union, the state could form a new government
• Adopt a state constitution that banned slavery
Radical Plans
• Many Republicans in Congress considered Lincoln’s plan far too forgiving of the South.
Radical Republicans• Republicans in the House and
Senate that favored a radical, or extreme, approach to reconstruction.
• Congress was controlled by the radicals and they voted to deny any congressional seats to representatives from states readmitted under Lincoln’s plan.
Thaddeus Stevens
• Leader of the Radical Republicans in the House. He was adamant about punishing the South.
Wade Davis BillReconstruction plan passed by the Radical
Republicans in July 1864:• over 50% of the white males of a state
had to swear an oath of loyalty• only white males that swore they fought in
the Confederate army could play a role in writing new state constitutions
• states had to ban slavery• no former Confederate could hold any
public office
Wade Davis Bill
• Lincoln refused to the sign the bill and vetoed it.
Freedman’s Bureau
• In March 1865, Lincoln and Congress worked together to set up this government agency.
• The bureau helped freed slaves to adjust to freedom.
Freedman’s Bureau
• It provided food, clothing, medical services, and helped freed slaves acquire land or find work.
Andrew Johnson becomes President
• Upon Lincoln’s death on April 15, 1865, Vice-President Andrew Johnson assumed the powers of President.
Andrew Johnson becomes President
• Johnson was a Democrat from Tennessee that supported the Union during the war.
RestorationJohnson’s plan for reconstruction included:• granted amnesty to most Southerners that
swore loyalty• High-ranking Confederates could only be
pardoned by appealing to the President• only pardoned loyal whites could be play a role
in writing new state constitutions• states had to denounce secession and ban
slavery• states had to ratify the 13th Amendment-
passed in January of 1865 the amendment abolished slavery in the United States
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