Chapter 10 (a deliberate attempt to influence the thought and behavior of others through the use of...

Chapter 10

(a deliberate attempt to influence the thought and behavior of others through the use of personal, psychological, and

logical appeals)

Personal Proof

• Competence

• Integrity

• Goodwill

• Image

• Credibility

Psychological Proof

• Attitudes• Motives

– Physical– Social

• Specific Motive Appeals– Sex– Security– Approval– Conformity– Success– Creativity

Logical Proof

• Reasoning

• Argumentation (a premise and conclusion)

Deductive Reasoning vs. Inductive Reasoning

GENERAL to SPECIFIC3 step pattern, syllogismMajor premise: KKK means troubleMinor premise: Mark is in KKKConclusion: Mark is a troublemaker

SPECIFIC to GENERALRead Stats that show people with

college degrees earn moreSo if I get a higher education,I too will earn more!

Other Forms of Reasoning

• Reasoning by Comparison (literal-figurative)

• Reasoning from Cause and Effect

Fallacies

Unwarranted or hasty generalization

Errors in causal induction* post hoc (after this, therefore, because of this)* non sequitur (it does not follow)

Begging the Question

Ignoring the Question False Analogy Either/Or Fallacy

Ad Hominem

Red Herring

Ad Populum

Types of Persuasive Speeches

Speeches to Convince(American IndiansDeserve Respect)

Speeches to Actuate

Speeches to Reinforce(Robert Kennedy Eulogy)