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Types of Steel Members• Hot Rolled & Built-Up
Structural Steel Members
Steel FabricationOf Built-Up Steel Members
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Jobsite #1 - Holman GMC & RV Dealership Location: Batavia, OH
Significant Activities
Raising – Lift member with crane into position and bolt temporarily.
Fitting – Secure proper alignment and tighten bolts. Check level and tension guy cables.
Fastening – Make final connections meet specifications.
ResourcesHuman Skills:Crane OperationBolting Connections
Equipment and tools:Socket & Open Ended Wrenches, Electric Impact WrenchCrane/SlingsMan cranes – Body Harness, Hard Hats, Gloves, Eye Protection
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Materials:Steel – Columns, Ceiling BeamsBolts/NutsCable (Guy Wires)Fuel Truck
Temporary Facilities/Utilities:Temporary ElectricRestroomsDumpstersTrailers
Jobsite #2 - Crossroads Christian Church Location: Lexington, KY
Significant Activities
Raising – Lift member with crane into position and bolt temporarily.
Fitting – Secure proper alignment using hammers and tighten bolts with pneumatic drill.
Fastening – Make final connections meet specifications (torque wrench).
ResourcesHuman Skills:Crane OperatorIron WorkersWelders, Bolt Connections
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Equipment and tools:Pneumatic Wrench, Torque Wrench, HammersCrane/SlingsMan Lifts – Hard Hats, GlovesCompressors, Welders
Materials:Steel – W-shaped trusses, clear span trusses, bar joists, beams, columnsConnections: Bolts/Nuts, Welds
Temporary Facilities/Utilities:Temporary ElectricRestroomsTrailersDumpstersStorage Units
Design Details/Configurations (Site#1)
Design Details/Configurations (Site #2)
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Five Salient Requirements
ASTM A36 – Carbon Structural SteelASTM A242 – High Strength Low-Alloy Structural SteelASTM A194 – Standard Specs for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature SurfacesASTM A325 – High Strength Bolts for Steel StructuresASTM A992 – 50 KSI Yield Steel
Steel Arrives
Steel Available to Unload
Space Available Unload Steel
Steel Ready to
Lift
Steel Ready for Shake-out
Spotter Available
Shake-out Steel
Lift Steel
Crane Available
Steel Ready to
PlacePlace Steel
Iron Workers Ready
Align Steel Tighten Connections
Re-position Crane
Work Sampling (Site #1)SUNNY – MID 60’s
Direct Work – 42.3 %Lifting Steel, Bolting Steel, Placing & Aligning Steel
Support Work – 52.5 %Equipment Travel, Getting Equipment, Receiving Instructions, Waiting while another crew member is receiving instructions.
Delays – 5.2 %Walking empty handed, personal time, breaks
Construction Site 1 (Work Sample)
42%
53%
5%
Direct WorkSupport WorkDelays
Work Sampling (Site #2)Rainy – MID 50’s
Direct Work – 50.5 %Lifting Steel, Bolting Steel, Placing & Aligning Steel
Support Work – 43.1 %Equipment Travel, Getting Equipment, Receiving Instructions, Waiting while another crew member is receiving instructions.
Delays – 6.4 %Walking empty handed, personal time, breaks
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Construction Site 2 (Work Sample)
51%
43%
6%
Direct WorkSupport WorkDelays
Comparison
Similarities – Small Projects, Time of Samples.Differences – Weather, Crew Sizes, Physical Limits
6%5%Delay
43%53%Support
51%42%Direct
Site #2Site #1
Heaviest Item (Site #1)
Steel Joist: 1,500 – 2,000 lbs
Heaviest Item (Site #2)
W-shaped Truss: 50,000 lbs
Largest Item Installed (Site #1)
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Largest Item Installed (Site #2) Hazards to Quality
Column Lines/Control PointsPlumbing Welding – Field Welds (QC)Steel/Iron WorkersStorage (Keep off ground)Fire Protection
Hazards to Safety
Steel Erection is extremely hazardous.Potential Hazards:FallsContact with foreign objectsTransportation AccidentOverexertionHarmful Exposure
Potential Site Hazards:Inclement Weather – Windy, Wet, IcyDirt, Oil, Loose Debris, Wet Paint
All Construction - (2003)
TransportationIncidents
Assaults & ViolentActs
Contact w ith Objects &Equipment
Falls
Exposure to HarmfulSubstances
Fires and Explosions
Fatalities - OSHASteel Workers - (2003)
TransportationIncidents
Assaults & ViolentActs
Contact w ith Objects &Equipment
Falls
Exposure to HarmfulSubstances
Fires and Explosions
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