Capacity building for Food & Water Security Geospatial issues for science and policy makers

Capacity building for Food & Water Security

Geospatial issues for science and policy makers

Tom Veldkamp

Asia geospatial forum 17-19 October 2011 Jakarta, Indonesia

Sept 2010 UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon called on world leaders to attend a summit in New York on to accelerate progress towards the Millennium Development Goals in 2015.

How to measure progress?

Have we made improvements in the policy arena?

3

MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Progress of achieving Millennium Development Goals

But what are exactly the units of evaluation?

MDG 1 to 6 have humans (their well being) as Unit of analysis.

Used data source: Census

http://devdata.worldbank.org/atlas-mdg/

Census is collected and presented on administrative unit basis.

Yielding typical geographical representations such country level maps

7

But: People do not live everywhere and adminstrative units are not uniform.Census data do not include refugees and landless

What is environmental sustainability?

Good?Bad?

Visual comparison with JRC’s TREES hot spots ...

Deforestation: RS, Experts, Census

Census data

0

500

1000

1500

2000

0 500 1000 1500 2000

harvested arable land per nuts2 (km2)

ara

ble

lan

d c

ove

r p

er

nu

ts2

fro

m C

OR

INE

(km

2 )

Comparing Census data (EUROSTAT) and remote sensing data CORINE per NUTS2 region for the EU25

0

500

1000

1500

0 500 1000 1500

utilised/harvested grass areas per nuts2 (km2)

an

thro

po

ge

nic

gra

ss c

ove

r p

er

nu

ts2

fro

m

CO

RIN

E (

km2 )

Also in Europe there is a bias between different geospatial data sources

There is a geographical scale gap between the target unit of the MDG (humans) and the chosen unit of impact evaluation.

Therefore the MDG’s can be met by cleverly ‘using’ or ‘presenting’ statistical data.

The UN is ignoring the spatial dimension of Sustainable development.

We should work on providing this geospatial dimension

11

What does this learn us?

Background: ITC aims to make countries self-sufficient in using GEO-ICT

Strategy: Becoming involved in national/international agenda’s on capacity building.

Instrument: public-private partnerships: institutional strengthening rather than human resource development.

CAPACITY DEVELOPMENTCONNECTING PRODUCERS AND CONSUMERS OF KNOWLEDGE IN A GLOBAL WORLD

12

Value creationValue additionValue capturing

The IT and GIS value pyramid

Geospatial value chains in Developing countries (the South)

For example cell phone app’sNavigation systems

Environmental mapsNGO’s thematic map

We lack companies to effectively fill in the gaps!!

Governmental organization and knowledge organization

< Map centricInfo centric >

15

Three steps towards entrepreneurship

15

Advisory service for farm management

Need actual meteo and soil geodata and agronomic knowledge and skills

Sell a cell phone app. to farmers using cooperative network.

Business is marketing and delivering expected quality and being a reliable partner

Innovation

Images

Consumer demand

Invention Innovation Visions/Images Consumer demand

INNOVATION LEADING TO BUSINESS

16

Invention

Ownership (of components and/or final product)

Hardware: the material invention (e.g. cell phone, GIS software, (geo)-data)

Software: skills and knowledge to use and implement the invention Orgware: organizational and institutional conditions influencing

development and functioning of innovation. For both product and people (laws, infrastructure etc)

Entrepreneurship requires effectively combining these three ‘ware’ types.

INVENTIONS

17

Organizing a successful and effective implementation of an invention

Critical issues: Access to consumer markets Institutional space for new things (laws and

regulations do not hamper implementation: maps as military sensitive info).

A formalized and recognized network of professionals

INNOVATIONS

18

Images can make of break a new invention. New inventions/markets require new mobilizing

visions (GMO discussions) You not only sell a product but also an image

(importance of marketing) Images can be managed and but do require

participation of all potential stakeholders in order to prevent ‘propaganda’.

THE ROLE OF IMAGES/VISIONS

19

When a product appeals to the general social norm this will facilitate marketing

The value chain has to be identified and organized Marketed image should match with original image Consumer behavior does not equal citizen request

Key components for buying are: motivation, opportunity and ability

MOBILIZING CONSUMER DEMAND

20

Business oriented networks (KENGi)

Government authorities

EntrepreneursPrivate sector

KnowledgeInstitutes

NGOs

develop entrepreneurship skillsand activities and recognition

Key is communication and sharing data/info(crowd sourcing) and knowledge (expertise)

Capacity building for Food & Water Security needs more direct involvement of relevant stakeholders

We have to create an environment for co-learning and co-creation of knowledge

Private and public sections need to be involved Policy relevance is currently more important than

current scientific knowledge. (we can do more then recognised by policymakers)

Capacity building efforts have to continue at all levels including public and private partners

CONCLUSIONS

22

THE ENDTHANK YOU