Caerleon Conservation Area Appraisal 10Aug18 · CAERLEON CONSERVATION AREA CONSERVATION AREA...

CAERLEON CONSERVATION AREACONSERVATION AREA APPRAISALAUGUST 2018 - CONSULTATION DRAFT

Issue 01August 2018Consultation Draft

Prepared by Purcell® on behalf of Newport City Council.

www.purcelluk.com

1.0 INTRODUCTION 041.1 Caerleon Conservation Area 041.2 DefinitionofaConservationArea 041.3 PurposeandScopeoftheConservation

Area Appraisal 07

2.0 PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT 082.1 UKandWelshLegislation 082.2 Local Policy 082.3 Guidance 092.4 Consultation 09

3.0 CHARACTER 103.1 Historical Development 103.2 Archaeology 153.3 Topography 153.4 Views 163.5 Configuration&DirectionofMovement 213.6 ArchitecturalCharacter 223.7 Spaces&PublicRealm 27

4.0 APPRAISAL 294.1 StatementofSpecialInterest 294.2 AuditofHeritageAssets 304.3 Issues&Opportunities 35

5.0 MANAGEMENTPLAN 395.1 ReviewingtheBoundary 395.2 ControlMeasuresBroughtAboutby

ConservationAreaDesignation 425.3 Conservation&DesignGuidance 425.4 Aims&Objectives 47

FURTHERINFORMATION 49

ARCHITECTURALGLOSSARY 51

CONTACTDETAILS 52

APPENDIX A: LIST OF HERITAGE ASSETS 53

CAERLEON CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISALCONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 CAERLEON CONSERVATION AREA1.1.1 TheCaerleonConservationAreawasoriginallydesignatedon11June1970andextendedon8December1977;itisoneof15ConservationAreasunderthejurisdictionofNewport City Council.

1.1.2 TheCaerleonConservationArearecognisesitsrichhistoryandhowtheRomanoriginsofthesettlementandlatermedievaldevelopmenthasresultedintoday’suniquecharacterandstrongarchaeologicalpresence.

ASUMMARYOFTHEPROPOSED2018CHANGES:

• Theremovalofmuchoftheopenspacebetweentheamphitheatreandtheriver,whichisbetterprotectedbytheScheduledMonumentdesignationsinplace.

• Rationalisationstotheboundarytoreflectplotboundaries.

• MinoradditionstotheboundarytoincludebuildingswhichreflectthecharacteroftheConservationArea.

1.2 DEFINITION OF A CONSERVATION AREA1.2.1 AConservationAreaisdefinedas‘an area of special architectural or historic interest the character of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance.’01

1.2.2 ConservationAreasrecognisetheuniquequalityofanareaasawhole.Itisnotjustthecontributionofindividualbuildingsandmonuments,butalsothatofotherfeatures,including(butnotlimitedto)topography,streetfurniture,openspacesandlandscaping.Theseallcontributetothecharacterandappearanceofanarea,resultinginadistinctivesenseofplace.

1.2.3 Theextenttowhichabuilding,orgroupofbuildings/structures,positivelyshapethecharacterofaConservationAreaisfoundednotjustfromtheirstreet-facingelevations,butalsofromtheintegrityoftheirhistoricfabric,overallscaleandmassing,detailingandmaterials.Rearandsideelevationscanalsobeimportant.

01 Section69(1),Planning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990.

MILL STREET

HIGH ST

NEW ROAD

PLAN 1: CAERLEON CONSERVATION AREA,2018

Caerleon Conservation Area Boundary

This plan is not to scale

Reproduced from Ordnance Survey mapping with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office © Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Newport City Council. 100024210 (2018).

[THIS PAGE HAS INTENTIONALLY BEEN LEFT BLANK]

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.3 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL1.3.1 ItisarequirementunderthePlanning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990thatallLocalPlanningAuthorities‘formulate and publish proposals for the preservation and enhancement’ofConservationAreaswithintheirjurisdiction,andthatthesedocumentsareperiodicallyreviewed.01

1.3.2 TheboundaryoftheCaerleonConservationAreahasnotbeensubjecttoanyreviewsinceitwasoriginallydesignated.ItisimportantthatLocalAuthoritiesmaintainanup-to-datestrategyforthepositivemanagementofConservationArea.ThesepublicdocumentsdefineandrecordthespecialinterestofaConservationArea,andsetoutaplanofactionforitson-goingprotectionandenhancement.

1.3.3 Overtime,ConservationAreasevolveandthecharacteristicswhichunderpintheirspecialinterestmaydecreaseintheirintegrityasaresultofgradualalteration.ItisthereforeimportanttoreviewandtakestockofthecharacterofaConservationAreaatintervalstoensuredesignationisstillsuitableandthatthepropermanagementofchangeisstillinplace.

1.3.4 Often,ConservationAreaboundarieshavehistoricallybeendrawntootightlyorincludeperipheralareaswhichdonotcontributetoanunderstandingofcharacter.Consequently,itisimportancetoreviewtheboundarytoinclude/excludebuildingsandspacewhichdo/notmeetConservationAreadesignationcriteria.

01 Section71(1),Planning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990.

1.3.5 ThisConservationAreaAppraisalseeks to:

• RecordandanalysethecharacterandspecialinterestoftheCaerleonConservationArea;

• Recognisethedesignatedandnon-designatedheritageassetswithintheConservationArea;

• IdentifytheriskswhichthreatenthespecialinterestoftheConservationArea;

• IdentifyopportunitiestoenhancetheConservationArea;and

• Setoutamanagementplanwithguidanceandpoliciesforthepositivemanagement,preservationandenhancementoftheConservation Area.

1.3.6 Althoughthisdocumentisintendedtobecomprehensive,theomissionofanybuilding,structure,featureorspacedoesnotimplythatsaidelementisnotsignificantordoesnotpositivelycontributetothecharacterandspecialinterestoftheConservationArea.Theprotocolssetoutinsection5(ManagementPlan)areapplicableineveryinstance.

1.3.7 TheassessmentswhichprovidethebaselineinformationforthisConservationAreaAppraisalhavebeencarriedoutusingpublicly-accessibleresourcesandthroughon-siteanalysisfromthepublicthoroughfareswithintheConservationArea.

2.0 PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT

2.1 UK AND WELSH LEGISLATION2.1.1 Conservation Areas were introduced in theUnitedKingdomundertheCivicAmenitiesAct1967.TheyarenowgovernedunderthePlanning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990.

2.1.2 TheHistoricEnvironment(Wales)Act2016waspassedbytheNationalAssemblyforWalesin2016andamendsthe1990ActsothatitisspecifictoWalesanditshistoricenvironment.Theaimsofthe2016Actare:

• ToaffordmoreeffectiveprotectiontoListedBuildingsandscheduledmonuments;

• Toimprovethesustainablemanagementofthehistoricenvironment;and

• Tointroducegreatertransparencyandaccountabilityintodecisionstakenregardingthehistoricenvironment.01

2.1.3 FurtherguidanceiseffectedthroughPlanningPolicyWales,Chapter6TheHistoricEnvironment(Edition9,November2016)andaseriesofaccompanyingTechnicalAdviceNotes,whichfilterthroughintodevelopmentplansatalocallegislativelevel.

2.2 LOCAL POLICY2.2.1 NewportCityCouncil’sLocalDevelopmentPlan2011-2026wasformallyadoptedaspolicyinJanuary2015,settingoutobjectives,aswellasstrategicandtopic-specificpoliciestoguidethedevelopmentoftheCity.

2.2.2 SP9concernstheconservationofthenatural,historicandbuiltenvironment:

The conservation, enhancement and management of recognised sites within the natural, historic and built environment will be sought in all proposals.

01 Cadw,http://cadw.gov.wales/historicenvironment/policy/historicenvironmentbill/provisions/

2.2.3 CE 7 concerns Conservation Areas:Development within or adjacent to Conservation Areas will be required to:

i Be designed to preserve or enhance the character of appearance of the Conservation Area, having regard to the Conservation Area appraisal where appropriate.

ii Avoid the removal of existing historic features, including traditional shopfronts and joinery.

iii Use materials which are traditional, or appropriate to their context.

iv Complement or reflect the architectural qualities of nearby buildings which make a positive contribution to the character of the area.

v Pay special attention to the settings of buildings, and avoid the loss of any existing domestic gardens and open spaces which contribute to the character of the area.

vi Avoid adverse impact on any significant views, within, towards or outwards from the Conservation Area.

2.0 PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT

2.4 CONSULTATION2.4.1 ItisastatutoryrequirementunderthePlanning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990forLocalAuthoritiestoformulateandpublishproposalsforthepreservationandenhancementofConservationAreaswithintheirjurisdiction,andforthatguidancetobesubjecttopublicreview.02

2.4.2 ThisdraftCaerleonConservationAreaAppraisalwillbesubjecttoaperiodofpublicconsultationduringwhichtimecommentsmaybesubmittedtotheCouncil.ItisimportantthatthefinalAppraisalthatisformallyadoptedasSupplementaryPlanningGuidance(SPG)isrelevantandusefultothepublic,aswellastheLocalAuthority.Therefore,itisimportantthattheNewportcommunityhavetheirsay.

02 Section71,Planning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990.

2.3 GUIDANCE2.3.1 CadwistheWelshGovernment’sserviceresponsibleforthemanagementofthehistoricenvironment.Inadditiontothelegislativerequirementsofthisdocument,theConservationAreaAppraisalhasbeenpreparedinlinewithbest-practiceguidancepublishedbyCadw,particularly:

• ConservationPrinciplesfortheSustainableManagementoftheHistoricEnvironmentinWales,(March2011).

• ManagingConservationAreasinWales,(May2017).

• ManagingHistoricCharacterinWales,(May2017).

• ManagingListedBuildingsatRiskinWales,(May2017).

• ManagingChangetoListedBuildingsinWales,(May2017).

• SettingofHistoricAssetsinWales,(May2017).

2.3.2 FulldetailsareprovidedintheFurtherInformationsectionattheendofthisdocument.

3.0 CHARACTER

3.1 HISTORICALDEVELOPMENT3.1.1 Key Dates Timeline

c.600-300 BCArchaeologicalevidenceindicatesalargeIronAgehillfortwasestablishedtothenorth-westofthepresentsettlementatCaerleon.

c.75ARomanfortresswasestablishedatCaerleon,knownasIsca.

c.300TheRomanmilitaryleftCaerleon,leavingbehindasmallerpopulation.

1086TheDomesdaySurveyrecordsthepresenceofacastle.

1171Aboroughisfirstrecorded.

c.1500s-1800sCaerleon prospered as a port and market town.

1830NewRoadwasestablished,bypassingthecentreofUltraPontem.

1879TheNewRoadtollwasabolished.

1909ThefirstformalexcavationoftheRomanamphitheatrewascarriedout.

3.0 CHARACTER

3.1.5 EnteringCaerleonfromthesouth,thebridgeisshowninitsearlierlocation,slightlynorth-east/up-riverfromitspresentposition.ThesouthernhalfoftheHighStreetwasatthistimeknownasBridgeStreetinrecognitionofthenow-lostcrossingwhichwasapproachedfromwhatisnowIscaRoadtothesouth(fromUltra Pontem,Latinfor‘overthebridge’).Thepresentbridgewasbuiltshortlyafterthisplanwaspublished,between1806and1812aftertheearliertimberstructurewaswashedaway.

3.1.2 Maps3.1.3 TheearliestplanofCaerleonshowsaconcentrationofbuildings(thethickdarklines)alongtheHighStreetandIscaRoad,branchingnorthalongMuseumStreet,BackhallStreet,MillStreetandCastleStreet.Behindthestreet-frontingbuildingswerenumerousorchardplotsandfields.

3.1.4 ThedistinctiveplayingcardshapeoftheRomanfortresswalls(rectangularwithroundedcorners),theRomanamphitheatreandearlymedievalcastlemoundarealsoshowninthe1800plan,illustratingtheoverlapofthemanydifferentsettlementphasesatCaerleon.BroadwayandtheHighStreetintersectthefortressatthecentreofitssouthandwestwalls,indicatingthattheseareRomanthoroughfareswhichledfromtheriverintothefortress,especiallyBroadwaywhichischaracteristicallystraightintheRomanstyle.TheapproachintothecentreofCaerleonalongLodgeRoadisnotshownonthismapbutapproximatelyfollowsacourseintothefortressfromthenorth,wheretherewouldhavebeenanothercentralgate;likewiseonBackhallStreetontheeastside.InsidetheboundariesoftheformerfortressthedistinctivegeometryofRomansettlementhasbeenlostandtheconfigurationofthethoroughfaresismoreclearlyrecognisableasmedieval(characteristicallynarrowandirregularstreets).

Plan of Caerleon, 1800

3.0 CHARACTER

3.1.6 Thesameconfigurationofstreetsisrecordedinthe1840tithemap,withlittlechangecomparedtothe1800planofCaerleon.Thelatermapshowsmoreclearlythecompactedgroupsofbuildingsalongthemainthoroughfares,particularlytheHighStreetandBackhallStreet.Therestillremainedahighproportionofgreenspace.UltraPontemwasnotincludedinthesamesurvey.

Caerleon tithe map, 1840

3.0 CHARACTER

3.1.7 Bythelater19thcenturytheraillinehadbeenlaidclosetothenorth-westsideofCaerleonanddevelopmentbegantospreadinthisdirection.ItwasaroundthistimethattheIndustrial Revolution saw dockland activity increaseinNewport,drawingawaytradefromCaerleon.Civicbuildingsincludingapolicestation,readingroom,amuseumandvariouschapelsareallidentifiedonthefirsteditionOrdnanceSurvey,indicatingthatCaerleonwasremainedaprosperoussettlementdespitetherisingprominenceofnearbyNewport.

Ordnance Survey, 1886

3.0 CHARACTER

3.1.8 ThearchaeologicalimportanceofCaerleonwasincreasinglyrecognisedfromtheearly20thcenturyonwardsafterthefirstformalexcavationoftheamphitheatrewascarriedoutin1909.Priortothis,explorationshadbeenfragmentaryandunsupervised,resultingarchaeologicalsalvagebeingusedintheconstructionofbuildingswhichstillsurvivetoday.

Ordnance Survey, 1922

3.0 CHARACTER

3.3 TOPOGRAPHY3.3.1 ThetopographicallandscapeofCaerleonhasbeenhewnbytheflowoftheRiverUsk,resultinginabedrockgeologyofsedimentarydepositsfrommilleniaoffloodingandthemovementofwatersouthwardstowardstheSevernEstuary.

3.3.2 TheConservationAreaisgenerallyrelativelyflat,withsomeareasofmorepronouncedtopographicalvariationindicatingacharacteristicslopedowntowardstheriver.CastleStreethasadistinctivetopography,sharplyincliningsouth-westwardswithbuildingspositionedonaraisedescarpmentonitssouthside.MillStreethasamoregentleslopedownwardstothesouth-east.Ontheoppositesideoftheriver,NewRoadrisesupwardstothesouth.

3.3.3 Thelow-lyingandlargelyundevelopedlandborderingtheriverissusceptibletoflooding,withmoderndefencesinplace.TheopenareasonthewestsideoftheConservationAreahaveadistinctivelocaltopographyindicatingthepresenceofbelow-groundarchaeologicalremains,suchasthesunkenlawnareanearthebarracks.

3.2 ARCHAEOLOGY3.2.1 Caerleonhasaveryhighconcentrationofbothknownandpotentialarchaeology,asisrecognisedinthe22ScheduledMonumentswithintheboundaryoftheConservationArea,andtheArchaeologicallySensitiveAreawhichextendsfurther.

3.2.2 AllbuttwoofCaerleon’sScheduledMonumentsconcernitsRomanoccupationbythe2ndAugustanLegion,whoestablishedavastwalledfortresscoveringtheareanorth-eastoftheamphitheatreinc.75AD,takingadvantageoftheriveranditsdefensivetopography.Atitsheight,thefortressaccommodated5,500soldiersandprovidedbarracks,adrillhall,baths,workshopsandgranaries.ItwasoneofthreepermanentRomanfortressesinBritain;theothertwobeingestablishedatChesterandYork.Outsidethefortress,onthesouth-westsideoftheamphitheatre,asmallciviliansettlementwasestablished,includingariversidequay.WhilstthesiteoftheRomanfortresshassubsequentlybeenbuiltoverwithamedievallayout,theciviliansettlementhasbeenleftlargelyundevelopedandnowresemblesopenfloodplainorfields.

3.2.3 Schedulingwasputinplacebetween1974and1997asitbecameincreasinglyrecognisedthatthearchaeologyandarchaeologicalpotentialatCaerleonisnationallyimportant.AfulllistofScheduledMonumentsisincludedinAppendixA(AuditofHeritageAssets)andtheareasdesignatedareidentifiedonPlan3b.FullarchaeologicalrecordscanbeaccessedthroughtheGlamorgan-GwentArchaeologicalTrustandArchwilio(seeFurther Information).

3.0 CHARACTER

3.4 VIEWS3.4.1 ThenarrowstreetswithincentralCaerleonnotablyrestrictlongerviewsacrossthetheConservationArea,whicharegenerallyconfinedtoshort-rangestreetscapesfunnelledbybuildingsliningthestreetsandterminatingwhereanotherstreetrunsperpendicular.Thisinvitesmovementthroughthestreetsandaroundtheirmanycornersandjunctions.Theseare numerous and are especially important wherethestreetsarelinedwithbuildingsidentifiedaspositivecontributorsandlistedbuildings,including:

• Alongthenorth-westsideofGoldcroftCommon;

• MovingalongNormanStreet;

• MovingalongBackhallStreet,especiallyatthejunctionwithChurchStreet;

• Lookingsouth-westdownMuseumStreet;

• MovingupanddowntheHighStreet;

• LookingdownCrossStreettowardsthejunctionwiththeHighStreet;

• MovingalongthesouthendofCastleStreet;

• MovingalongCastleLane,especiallylookinguphillfromthenorth-eastend;and

• LookingalongIscaRoadfromeitherend.

3.4.2 AtthesouthendoftheConservationArea,viewsaremoreopenwithaseriesofpanoramicvistasacrosstheriverandtowardsthesurroundingcountryside.Thebridge,inparticular,facilitatesviewsnorthwardsandsouthwards,andthepropertiesliningIscaRoadhaveanunimpededviewacrosstheriveroutsidetheConservationAreatowardsMonmouthshire.

Photograph 1: Looking across the river from the Hanbury Arms

Photograph 2: Looking east from the bridge across to Monmouthshire

3.0 CHARACTER

Photograph 3: Looking up Castle Lane from its north-east end

Photograph 5: The chanelled streetscape of Isca Road with Caerleon in the far background

Photograph 4: Looking up Castle Street with the wall of The Mynde on the left

Photograph 6: A clear view of the slipway from the south side of the river

MILL STREET

HIGH ST

NEW ROAD

PLAN 2: VIEWS

Caerleon Conservation Area Important view Important vista Movingviews

3.0 CHARACTER

UskintoCaerleon;itisnowaone-wayroutedirectingtrafficawayfromtheriver.The19th-centuryNewRoadrunsparalleltoIscaRoad,formingarectanglewithdevelopmentconcentratedonthreesides,andisabusiervehicularthoroughfare.

3.5 CONFIGURATION&DIRECTIONOFMOVEMENT3.5.1 TheConservationAreahastwoseparatecharacterzonesconnectedviathebridge:themaincoreofCaerleononthenorthsideoftheriver,andUltraPontemonthesouthside.ThecentreofCaerleonismorecompactandurbaninnaturewithanetworkofdifferentstreets,whereasUltraPontemisquieterwithonlyahandfulofroadsmoreakintovillagelanes.

3.5.2 ThemajorityofCaerleon’sbuiltdevelopmentiscontainedwithinthepolygonformedbytheHighStreet,CastleStreetandMillStreet.Broadway,theHighStreetandLodgeRoadsurviveashistoricalroutesintotheRomanfortress,theshapeofwhichisstillclearlydiscernibleinthetown’sarchaeologybuthasdistortedslightlyintoday’slayoutasaresultofsubstantialmedievalandlaterdevelopment.

3.5.3 WithinthepolygonencirclingthecentreofCaerleon,theconfigurationofstreetsisdistinctlymedievalintheirlayout:irregularandnarrow,withlotsofcut-throughroutesandalleys.WidejunctionsarealsoacharacteristicfeatureinthecentreoftheConservationArea;forexample,thejunctionofChurchStreetwithBackhallStreet,andBackhallStreetwiththeHighStreet.Thecomplicatedmedievalnetworkofstreetsnecessitatesaone-waysystemarounditsmaincircularroute,withthreeentrancesatitsnorthend(LodgeRoad,StationRoadandUskRoad)andonlyoneatitssouthernend,viathebridge.MuseumStreetandNormanStreetarealsoone-waytoassisttheflowoftraffic.

3.5.4 Asub-areaoftheConservationAreabranchesofftheHighStreetoverCaerleonBridgetoincludethedetachedareahistoricallyknownasUltraPontem(literally,‘overthebridge’).IscaRoadwastheoriginalsouthapproachtothenow-lostbridgeovertheRiver

Photograph 7: The very wide junction at Church Street and Backhall Street

Photograph 8: The narrow streetscape of Isca Road

3.0 CHARACTER

3.6 ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER3.6.1 ThereisnosingleprominentarchitecturalstyleintheConservationArea;however,ageneral‘polite’approachiscommon.Thismeansmanyofthebuildingsaresimplyornamented,proportionallybalancedandgenerallyofamodestdomesticscale.GiventhelonghistoryofbuiltdevelopmentinthecentreofCaerleon,itislikelythatolderbuildingssurvivebehindtypically18th-and19th-centuryexteriors.Theexternalcharacteristicsofpolitearchitectureinclude:

• Rhythmicwindows,oftenwiththeupperstoreywindowssethighupundertheeaves;

• Light-colouredrender;

• Twostoreys;

• Terracedlayout;

• Pitchedslateroofswithbrickchimneystacks;and

• Occasionallyadditionalclassically-inspiredornamentation(e.g.windowsurrounds).

3.6.2 InUltraPontem,thepolitecharacteriscontinued.Here,dormerwindowsarealsocommontotakeintheviewsacrosstheriver.

3.6.3 Other,lesscommon,architecturalfeaturesincludebargeboards,aswellasclassically-inspireddoorandwindowsurrounds.Non-domesticbuildingssuchaspubsandshopstypicallyhaveatraditionalcharacter.

Photograph 9: A pair of ‘polite’ terraced houses, showing symmetry and balanced proportions

Photograph 10: An example of bargeboarding

Photograph 11: A traditional shopfront, with a raised plinth under the window and a modest fascia above

Photograph 12: The Red Lion on Backhall Street, with a traditional swinging sign and individual lettering attached directly onto the elevation

3.0 CHARACTER

3.6.4 AterracedarrangementismostcommonthroughouttheConservationAreaandistypicalofasettlementwhichevolvedduringthemedievalperiod.Uniformterracesareindicativeofonephaseofbuiltdevelopment;differentbuildingwidthsandheightsindicateaphaseddevelopment,whichisespeciallyprevalentalongtheHighStreet,IscaRoadandotherhistoricalprincipalroutesinCaerleon.Themainentranceintothesebuildingsistypicallydirectlyfromthestreet,ratherthansetbackbehindafrontgardenordrive.Laterterracesfrequentlyhavetypicallate19th-andearly20th-centuryfeaturessuchascantedbaywindowsandmodestfrontgardens.TherhythmicchimneystacksalongtheConservationArea’sterracesbreakuptherooflineandaddvarietytotheroofscape.Roofsaretypicallypitchedwithslate,withsomelaterterraceshavehippedslateroofs.

3.6.5 TheRomanhistoryofCaerleonisakeyelementofwhatmakesitimportant,evenifitisnotalwaysimmediatelyobviousintoday’sbuiltenvironment.AlthoughtherearenoRomanbuildingsstanding,theHighStreethasanotablymilitarycharacter,echoingCaerleon’shistoryasaRomanfortress.TheBrutaliststyleofthemuseum,fortress-likewallsandcastellatedfeaturesparticularlyevokethis.TheHighStreetisalsowherethefewlargerbuildingsintheConservationAreaaretypicallyconcentrated;otherwise,thescaleofbuildingislargelydomestic.Insomeofthesehistoricallyhigher-statusbuildings,itisstillpossibletoseeinternalshuttersinthewindow,aswouldhavebeenthecasehistorically.Thisaddsfurthercharacterandasenseofhistorytothestreetscape.

Photograph 13: Different widths and heights of buildings forming the terraced streetscape on Backhall Street

Photograph 14: A group of late 19th- or early 20th-century terraces

3.0 CHARACTER

3.6.6 As is common across Newport and SouthWalesgenerally,thereisaconsiderableamountoflocalPennantstoneusedasbuildingmaterial.Thisisespeciallyprevalentinboundarywalls,sometimescombinedwithbrickdressings,andasthemainbuildingmaterialbehindrenderedelevations.Itisalsocommonforthisstonetohavebeenre-usedfromolderbuildingsandpotentially‘quarried’fromthearchaeologicalsitesinCaerleon,meaningthatabuildingthatappearstobearound100yearsoldmaycontainpiecesofmasonrythatarenearly2,000yearsold.

3.6.7 ThecentreofCaerleonisalsonotableforanumberofprominenttallboundarywalls,includingontheHighStreetandCastleLane.Lowerboundarywallsarelesscommonasbuildingsmostcommonlyfrontdirectlyontothestreet;wheretheydoexist,theyareoftensupplementedwithadditionalrailings,especiallyaroundthechurchyards.

Photograph 15: Internal shutters visible from the street

Photograph 16: A section of pennant stone wall with battlements, showcasing a local building material and contributing to the militaristic character of the central section of the High Street

Photograph 17: Re-used masonry in a boundary wall, including a millstone and squared blocks which are likely to have been prepared for a higher-status structure given the skill and time required to finish stone to this standard

3.0 CHARACTER

3.6.8 Architectural Character by StreetThose streets not included in the following list predominantly have modern buildings.

3.6.9 Arthur Street: Balancedstreetscapewithterracesoneithersideusingpoliteproportionsbutnoarchitecturalornamentation.Moderngaragesandinfilldevelopmentatthefarsouthend.

3.6.10 Ashwell: Traditionalterracedcottagesononesidewithcolourfulrenders.Detachedcottagessetbackfromtheroadontheoppositeside.

3.6.11 Backhall Street: Terracedbuildingsinavarietyofsizes,typicallyrenderedinalightcolourandwithpoliteproportions.Directlystreet-facingwithsomeareasofmoderninfilldevelopment.

3.6.12 Broadway: Buildingsareconcentratedatthenorthend,typicallymodernexceptforthearchwayandlodgeleadingintothebackofThePriory.

3.6.13 Bulmore Road Traditionalcottagesofslightlydifferentmassingatthenorth-eastend.Latersuburbanhousesfromthecentretosouth-westend,setbackfromtheroad.Matureplantingontheoppositesideoftheroad.

3.6.14 Carlton Terrace: Avarietyofearlyandlater20th-centuryhouse,includingagroupofterraceswithprominentcantedbayswithviewsoutacrosstheamphitheatreandfieldstothesouth.

3.6.15 Castle Lane: Narrowthoroughfarewithmoderndevelopmentonthewestsideandprominentwallalongthelengthoftheeastside.

3.6.16 Castle Street: Agroupofsteppedterracessetbackbehindwalledfrontgardens.Traditionalstreet-frontingterracesatthesouthend.

3.6.17 Church Street: Domesticbuildingsinavarietyofstyles,includingmoderninfilldevelopmentandtraditionalcottages.

3.6.18 Cold Bath Road: Generallymodernhouses,exceptforthepennantstonecottageatthenorth-westcorner.

3.6.19 Goldcroft Common: Avarietyofbuildingstypes,butpredominantlymodestinsize,directlystreet-facingandinapolitestyle.

3.6.20 High Street: Acombinationoflargerandpublicbuildingsinavarietyofstyles,withmoremodestterracedbuildingsfromthejunctionwithBackhallStreetonwards.

3.0 CHARACTER

3.6.21 Isca Road: Anarrowstreetwithterracedbuildingsofdifferentdatesandvarietiesofatraditional/politestyle.Somearchitecturalornamentation.Nobuildingalongtheeastsideonthenorthernhalfoftheroad,allowingviewsoutacrosstheRiverUsk.

3.6.22 Lulworth Road: Groupsofearly-mid20th-centuryterracessetbehindlongdrives/frontgardens.

3.6.23 Mill Street: Predominantlyearlyandlater20th-centuryterraceswithcantedbays.Somestretchesoftraditionalterracedcottagesfrontingdirectlyontothestreet.

3.6.24 Museum Street: Thechurchandmuseumatthesouth-westendcontrastswithacollectionofdomesticbuildingsfromavarietyofdatesatthenorth-eastend.

3.6.25 New Road: Predominantlyagreenstreetscapewithearly20th-centurysemi-detachedhousesatthesouthendandagrander,traditionalbuildingatthenorthend.Thegroupatthefarnorthendoftheroad(tollcottagesandpub)marktheentrancetoUltraPontemandcontributetoatraditionalvillagecharacter.

3.6.26 Norman Street: Arowofrenderedterracedcottagesdirectlyfrontingontothenarrowernorthendofthestreet,withawiderstreetscapeandmoderninfilldevelopmentatthesouthend.

3.6.27 Old Hill: Principallyagreenstreetscapewithgroupsoftraditionalcottagessetintotheslopinglandscapebehindfrontboundarywalls.

3.6.28 Whitehart Lane: Cut-throughroutebetweentheHighStreetandCarltonTerrace.DominatedbyreadelevationsandhistoricaloutbuildingsofHighStreet addresses.

3.0 CHARACTER

3.7 SPACES&PUBLICREALM3.7.1 ThegreenspacesacrosstheConservationAreatypicallycorrespondwithScheduledMonumentsites(althoughnotallScheduledMonumentsaregreenspaces).Theseincludetheformalpublicspacenexttothetownhall,thetriangulargreenatGoldcroftCommon,thebarracksareaandtheamphitheatrefield.Thesearewell-maintained,openspaceswhichprovidebothpublicandvisualamenity.PrivategreenspaceswhichcontributetothecharacteroftheConservationAreaincludethematuretreeswhicharevisibleoverthewallofTheMyndeandthegreenspacesoneithersideofNewRoadinUltraPontem.ThehighproportionofgreenandrurallandscapearoundUltraPontemfurtherstrengthensitsdistinctlyvillage-likecharactercomparedtothemoredenselybuiltcentreofCaerleon.

3.7.2 SupplementarystreetscapefeaturesthroughouttheConservationAreaalsocontributetoitshistoricalcharacter.Theseinclude:

• Lanternstylestreetlamps–forexample,ontheHighStreet–whichreflectthescaleandcharacterofthenarrowerstreet,asopposedtomodernstreetlampswhichareoftentootallandarchinwardstodisturbviews;

• Castironstreetsignsfixedtobuildingelevations;

• Historicpostboxes,whicharerecognisablefromthecypherofthereigningmonarchatthetimetheywereinstalled;

• Traditionalredtelephoneboxes,anumberofwhicharelisted;

• Afewrareareaswherethecobbledstreetsurfacesurvives;

• Sectionsofpavementsurfacedwithlargepennantflagstones,typicalofthewiderarea;and

• Sculpturalpieces,includinginsetplaquesmarkingthelocationsoftheentrancegatesintotheRomanfort.

3.0 CHARACTER

Photograph 18: The North Gate commemorative plaque on Lodge Road Photograph 19: A mounted street name on the side of a building

Photograph 20: An area of cobbles which have avoided being covered in tarmac

Photograph 23: A Queen Victoria-period letter box

Photograph 21: The Celtic Warrior and listed telephone box on Isca Road

Photograph 22: Pennant flagstones on the High Street pavement

4.0 APPRAISAL

4.1 STATEMENTOFSPECIALINTEREST4.1.1 CaerleonhassubstantialhistoricalvalueasthesiteofoneofonlythreepermanentfortsinRomanBritain.Linkedtothisistheveryhigharchaeologicalvalueofthetownanditsenvirons:muchofthisisrecognisedinthenumerousScheduledMonumentsprevalentacrossthewholeofcentralCaerleon.Althoughthetownscapeasitsurvivestodayhaslargelybeeninfluencedbymedievalandlaterdevelopment,theRomanpresenceinCaerleonremainsclearlydiscernibleandresultsinahighlyuniqueConservationAreathatrecognisesnotonlythebuiltenvironmentbutalsotherichhistoryoftheplaceanditsbelow-groundarchaeology.

4.1.2 ThevalueofCaerleon’shistoricalandarchaeologicalsignificanceisaffirmedbythelargenumberofvisitorswhocometoadmire,engagewithandlearnfromthetown’sRomansitesandmuseum,wherehistorybecomestangible.Outsidespacessuchasthebarracksandamphitheatreremainpopularwithlocalresidentsandprovideamenityspaces.ThereisconsequentlyaveryhighcommunalaspecttothespecialinterestoftheConservationArea.

4.1.3 ThereisarichlayeringofhistoryinCaerleon’sbuiltenvironment.ThepotentialforsignificantRomanbuildingmaterialstosurviveincomparativelyrecentbuildingsisnotableandhighlyunusualonsuchaprevalentscale.AlthoughthegeometricRomantownscapehasbeenlost,themedievalconfigurationwhichevolvedsubsequentlyisstillclearlydiscernibleandresultsinanirregularandinterestingcollectionofstreetscapesandviews.ThisisaugmentedbythevarietyofapproachestoapolitestyleofarchitectureandbolderarchitecturalstatementsmadeontheHighStreet,inparticular.

4.1.4 Theretentionofthecontrastinglyurbanandvillage-likecharactersincentralCaerleonandUltraPontem,respectively,isalsosignificantanddemonstrateshowsettlementspreadoutfromitsoriginalcentre.TherelationshipwiththeRiverUskandsurroundinglandscape,whichwasaprimaryreasonforsettlementhereoriginally,isespeciallyevidentinUltraPontem,whereanumberofbuildingsarepositionedanddesignedwithdirectoutlooknorthwards.TheslipwaysevidentontheriveredgebelowTheHanburyArmsalsoalludetotheshippingactivityinCaerleon,althoughthisis not immediately apparent or widely appreciated.

4.1.5 Overall,thespecialinterestoftheCaerleon Conservation Area is predominantly drawnfromitssubstantialandsignificantRomanhistory,andsecondarilyfrommedievalandlaterdevelopmentwhich,combinedwiththesurvivingRomanelements,hasresultedintoday’sdistinctivetownscape.ThiscombinationoftwosignificantstrandsofhistoryresultsinCaerleon’suniquecharacter.

4.0 APPRAISAL

4.2.5 Statutorylistingdoesnotequatetoapreservationorderintendedtopreventchange.However,alterationstoListedBuildingsdorequireListedBuildingConsent,whichallowstheLocalAuthoritytomakedecisionsthathavebeeninformedbyanunderstandingofthebuildingorthesite’ssignificance.Importantly,nationalandlocalplanningpoliciesalsorecognisethatchangestootherbuildingsorsitesinthesettingofaListedBuildingcanaffectsitsspecialinterest.

4.2.6 Scheduled Monuments4.2.7 ScheduledMonumentsareprotectedundertheAncientMonumentsandArchaeologicalAreasAct1979,asamendedintheHistoricEnvironment(Wales)Act2016.Theseincludepartiallyorcompletelyruinousstructures,aswellasburiedarchaeologicalsites.SchedulingisBritain’soldestformofheritageprotectionandpermissiontomakechangestoaScheduledMonumentwillneedrequirepermissionfromCadw,actingonbehalfoftheWelshGovernment.SiteswhicharescheduledandalsocontainaListedBuildingwillrequireScheduledMonumentConsentwhereanychangeisproposed;thisisbecauseScheduledMonumentConsentsupersedesListedBuildingConsent.

4.2 AUDIT OF HERITAGE ASSETS4.2.1 TheCaerleonConservationArea,aheritageassetinitsownright,containsnumerousindividualheritageassets.Theseincludebothlistedandunlistedbuildings.ThissectionoftheAppraisaloutlinestheheritageassetswithintheConservationArea,identifyingtheindividualorgroupsofheritageassetsandwhytheyareimportant.Afulllistofheritageassets is included in Appendix A.

4.2.2 Theaudithasbeencarriedoutbymeansofvisualexaminationoftheabove-groundenvironmentfrompublicthoroughfares,only.Theintentionistoidentifytheseheritageassets,nottoprovideafullycomprehensiveanddetailedassessmentofeachindividually.Itshouldnotbeassumedthattheomissionofanyinformationisintendedasanindicationthatafeaturesorbuildingisnotimportant.AdetailedassessmentofsignificancespecifictoabuildingorsitewithintheConservationAreashouldalwaysbecarriedoutpriortoproposinganychange,includingarchaeologicalrequirementsforthenumerousScheduledMonuments.

4.2.3 Listed Buildings4.2.4 ListedBuildingsareprotectedunderPlanning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990andaredesignatedfortheirarchitecturalorhistoricinterest.AllListedBuildingsinWalesaredonesoattherecommendationofCadwanddetailsarekeptbytheRoyalWelshCommissionontheAncientandHistoricMonumentsofWales.ListingrangesfromGradeI(thehighestlevel),toGradeII*andthenGradeII(themostcommonlevel).

4.0 APPRAISAL

4.2.8 Positive Contributors 4.2.9 Apositivecontributorisabuilding,structureorfeaturewhichbeneficiallyaddstotheoverallcharacterofitslocalarea.ThisistrueofmostbuildingswithinaConservationArea.Theextenttowhichabuildingwillpositivelycontributewilllargelydependontheintegrityofitshistoricformandisnotrestrictedtoitsprincipalelevation;forexample,roofscapesandside/rearelevationscanallmakeapositivecontribution.Modernbuildingscanalsomakeapositivecontributionwheretheyhavebeensensitivelydesignedtosuittheirsetting.

4.2.10 Criteriaforidentifyingpositivecontributorsinclude:

• Associationswithnotablearchitectsorotherhistoricalfigures;

• Positionandpresencewithinthestreetscape;

• Useofcharacteristicmaterials,architecturalmotifsordetailing;

• Relationshipwithneighbouringbuildings,physicalandhistorical;and

• Historical uses.

4.2.11 IntheCaerleonConservationArea,thereispotentialforsomeoftheidentifiedpositivecontributorstoimprovethecharacteroftheConservationAreafurtherstillfollowingrepairsandthesensitivereplacementofpoorly-considered modern interventions.

MILL STREET

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PLAN3A:LISTEDBUILDINGSANDPOSITIVECONTRIBUTORS

Caerleon Conservation Area ListedBuilding PositiveContributor/LocallyImportantBuilding

Important Green SpaceNB:Forlistedwallsandothersmallerstructures,pleaserefertoAppendix A.This plan is not to scale

MILL STREET

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PLAN3B:SCHEDULEDMONUMENTS

Caerleon Conservation Area ScheduledMonuments

4.0 APPRAISAL

4.3 ISSUES&OPPORTUNITIES4.3.1 Condition4.3.2 Generally,thebuildingswithintheConservationAreaareingoodcondition.However,thereareseveralrepeatedissuesthataredamagingbuildings(orhavethepotentialtocausedamage)andconsequentlydetractfromwhatmakestheConservationAreaspecial.

4.3.3 Thereareseveralinstanceswhereexternalrenderhasbecomecoveredinalayerofmouldandalgalgrowth.Thistypicallyhappensongableendsandchimneystacks,butnotexclusively.Theproximityoftreecanopiestoabuildingcancausesuchissues;however,thisisnotalwaysthecaseinCaerleonandbuildingsthatarenotovershadowedbytreecoveragestillpresentissueswithexternalmouldgrowth.Thecauseofthisproblemislikelytobeincorrectlyspecifiedrenderoralackofregularcleaningandrepaintinginabreathablewash.

4.3.4 AnotherissuewhichisbecomingincreasinglyprevalentacrosstheConservationAreaisthecompleteremovalofrendertoexposedthebrickworkorstoneworkbehind.Thispracticeleavestheexternalwallsofhistoricalbuildingsexposedandvulnerabletodamage;forexample,fromtheeffectsofweatheringormechanicalimpact.Renderwashistoricallyappliedtoprotectthebuiltfabricofthesebuildingsandshouldbemaintainedtoensuretheirlong-termcondition,althoughtheexposedfinishmaybeperceivedasattractive.

4.3.5 Similarly,thereareanumberofinstanceswherejoineryfeatures,especiallywindowframes,havebeenstrippedofpaintandleftbare.Thehistoricallyappropriatetreatmentofthesefeaturesisforthemtobepaintedinawhiteorlight-colouredoil-basedpaint,whichwillprotectthewoodfromtheeffectsof

weathering.Aswiththeremovalofexternalrender,leavingthismaterialexposedmakesitvulnerabletodecay.

4.3.6 Aswellastheremovalofprotectiverenders,thepresenceofpebbledashrendersisalsoanissue.Thistypeofwalltreatmentiscement-basedandincompatiblewiththerequirementsofhistoricalbuildingsto‘breathe’andexpel/admitmoisture.Cement-basedmaterialsaffectabuilding’sabilitytoregulatemoisturelevelsandcanresultininternaldamp,stainingandotherdamage.

4.3.7 ThedominatingtallwallalongCastleLanehasbeenalmostentirelyrepointedusingaribbontechniquewhichleavesthemortarraisedfromthestone.Thistypeofpointingaffectstheabilityofthestonetoexpelwater,potentiallyresultinginstaining,delamination(wherethesurfaceofthestoneflakesaway),spalling(wherethesurfaceofthestone‘popsoff’)and,ultimately,damagetotheconditionofthewall.

4.3.8 Therearealsosubstantialareasofivygrowthupexternalwalls.Vegetationsuchasivytypicallytakesrootinthesofterbuildingmaterials,ofteninexternalrenderorthemortarusedforpointing.Theplantforcesitselfdeeperasitgrows,pushingbuildingmaterialsoutofpositionandthreateningtheintegrityoftheaffectedwall.Correctlytrainedplantsrootedinthegroundandclimbingupwiresnailedintothemortarjointsaresuitableandcanoftenmakeapositivecontribution.

4.0 APPRAISAL

Photograph 24: External mould on an exposed gable end wall

Photograph 27: Exposed masonry and timber

Photograph 26: Extreme ribbon pointing on Castle Lane, which is detrimental to the condition of the stone

Photograph 28: Untrained and damaging ivy growth

Photograph 25: Mould and algal growth on a chimneystack

4.0 APPRAISAL

4.3.13 OtherdetractingfeatureswithintheConservationAreaaregenerallyminorbut,addedalltogether,discerniblyaffectitscharacter.Theseinclude:

• ReplacementuPVCwindowswhereinappropriateunitshavebeenfitted,detractingfromtheaestheticvalueoftheindividualbuildingandwiderstreetscape.Thethickerframes,falseglazingbarsanddifferentopeningmechanismsarethemaindetractingelementwherethesehavebeeninstalled.Differentstylesonanotherwiseuniformterraceareespeciallydetracting,asarewindowswhichhavebeenre-positionedfurtherforwardswithintheirreveal,ratherthansetbackastheywerehistorically.

• Televisionaerialsandsatellitedishesattachedtochimneystacksorprincipalelevations.Thesearevisuallyintrusive,detractingfromthetraditionalcharacterofthebuildingandroofscape,andoftenalsoleavingwirestrailingacrossprincipalelevations.

• Buildingspaintedinbold,untraditionalcolours,whichdetractfromtheuniformityofthelightly-colouredrenderscommonacrosstheConservationArea.

• Extractorfluesforcommercialkitchensbasedinhistoricallydomesticbuildings.Wherethesecanbeclearlyseenwithinthestreetscape,thesefeaturesdetractfromitshistoricalcharacter.

• Securityfeatures,whichareoverly-prominentanddetractfromthearchitecturalvalueofmanybuildings,especiallylargerpublicbuildingssuchasthemuseumandschool.

4.3.9 Detracting Features 4.3.10 Theheavyconcentrationoftrafficaroundtheone-waysysteminCaerleonisaprincipaldetractingfeature.Thisresultsinnoisyroads,especiallyatpeaktimes,andassociatedissuesregardingairquality.Thisiscompoundedbythecanyoneffectcreatedbythenarrowstreetsandhighwalls.Thereispotentialforthistoimpactonthebuiltenvironment:externalstainingcausedbypersistentvehiclefumes,ormechanicaldamagefromlargevehicles.

4.3.11 TheproximityofCaerleonandUltraPontemtotheRiverUskisanimportantcontributortotheirhistoricaldevelopment.However,theriverpresentsariskofflooding,especiallyonitssouthernside.Inanticipationofthis,amodernfloodwallhasbeenerected.Althoughthisisnotanattractivefeature,thedetractionitmakesfromtheConservationAreaisoutweighedbythebenefitsitoffersinprotectingthehistoricalbuildingsandfeaturesinthefloodriskzone.

4.3.12 Pressurestoconvertfrontgardensintooff-roadparkingalsohavethepotentialtodetractfromtheConservationArea.Therearelimitedopportunitiesforthistohappengiventhecharacteristicfordirectlystreet-frontingterraces;however,thelossofthefewfrontgardenswhicharelocatedwithintheConservationAreaconsequentlyhasanotableimpactontheConservationAreaasdomesticbuildingslosetheiroriginalsettingandcontext.Itisalsorecognisedthaton-streetparkingisadetractingfeature,especiallyonthenarrowerthoroughfaresintheConservationArea.However,thisisdoesnotjustifytheremovaloffrontcurtilages.

4.0 APPRAISAL

4.3.14 Opportunities for Enhancement 4.3.15 OpportunitesforenhancementwithintheConservationAreagenerallyfocusonaddressingtheidentifiedissuedregardingconditionanddetractingfeatures.

4.3.16 ThenumberofcoachestransportingvisitorstotheRomanattractionsinCaerleonisunlikelytodecreasewithoutamajorlogisticsoverhaulacrossawiderarea.Recognisingthis,thereispotentialtoimprovethecoachparkonBroadway(subjecttoanyimpactontheScheduledMonuments)andalsoimposerestrictionsonleavingenginesrunninginorderto reduce pollution levels.

4.3.17 ThehistoryofCaerleonisevidentacrossthewholetownandacrossthebridgetoUltraPontem.ThereispotentialtocombinetheeffortsofCadw,NewportCityCouncilandlocalgroupstoimplementahigh-qualityinterpretationandwayfindingschemesothatvisitorstoCaerleonfullyengagewithitshistory,ratherthanconcentrateonthemainattractions.

Photograph 29: Traditional sash windows on the right and inappropriate modern replacements on the left

Photograph 30: An obvious and detracting alarm box on an otherwise attractive elevation

4.3.18 ThereisasubstantialamountofmoderninfillinthecentreoftheConservationArea,takingadvantageofthehistoricallyopenspacesattachedtotherearofthestreet-frontingbuildings.Subjecttodesign,thereispotentialfornewdevelopmentintheseareas.

4.3.19 Withinthestreetscapeandpublicrealm,thereispotentialtoreplacethemunicipalplanterswithmoretraditionalalternativesthatrespondbettertotheirenvironment.Therearealsoopportunitiestoremovaltarmacwherethiscoversareasofcobbles,especiallywherethisisimmediatelyadjacenttoabuildingwherethereislittlefootfallortraffic.

4.3.20 AroundHanburyCloseandtheriveredgenexttotheHanburyArms,thereisscopetoimprovetheplacemakingthroughimprovedlandscapingandpotentiallyalsototiethisinwithaninterpretationschemetoexplainthatthisisthelocationoftheoriginalbridgeconnectingthetwosidesoftheriver.

5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.1 REVIEWINGTHEBOUNDARY5.1.1 TheCaerleonConservationAreaboundarywasextendedin1977,theonlytimeithadpreviouslybeenamendedsinceitsoriginaldesignationin1970.BestpracticeprescribesthatConservationAreaboundariesareoccasionallyreviewedtoensurethattheoriginalreasonsfordesignationarestillrelevantandevident.Itisrecognisedthatboundarieswerehistoricallydrawntootightlyorillogically,anditmaythereforebeappropriatetoamendthem.Areviewoftheboundary,aswellasanyaccompanyingguidanceandassessment,shouldgenerallytakeplaceeveryfiveyearsorinresponsetonotablechange,includingchangesinpolicyorlegislation.

5.1.2 Theproposedamendmentstotheboundaryin2018are:

A Theremovalofmostoftheopenfieldareabetweentheamphitheatreandtheriver.Reason: This area contains few buildings and is better protected under Scheduled Monument legislation.

B Theremovaloftwobuildingsinthenorthcorner. Reason:These do not reflect the character of the Conservation Area.

C TheadditionofBrodawelHouseanditsgrounds. Reason: In recognition of the contribution the boundary wall and character of the house makes to the Conservation Area.

D TheadditionofagroupofbuildingsonthenorthsideofMillStreet. Reason: In recognition of their contribution to the streetscape and continuation of characteristic features.

E MinorreconfigurationoftheboundarynearHanburyClose. Reason: To rationalise the boundary in line with plot boundaries.

F MinorreconfigurationoftheboundaryoffBulmoreRoad. Reason: To rationalise the boundary in line with plot boundaries.

MILL STREET

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NPLAN4:BOUNDARYAMENDMENTS2018

Previous Caerleon Conservation Area Boundary

ProposedBoundaryAmendmentin2018 AreatoberemovedfromtheCaerleon

Conservation Area AreatobeaddedtotheCaerleon

Conservation AreaThis plan is not to scale

5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.2 CONTROLMEASURESBROUGHTABOUTBYCONSERVATIONAREADESIGNATION5.2.1 InordertoprotectandenhancetheConservationArea,anychangesthattakeplacemustconservethecharacterandspecialinterestthatmakestheseareassignificant.Worksmayrequireplanningpermissionand/orConservation Area Consent. Statutory control measures are intended to prevent development thatmayhaveanegativeorcumulativeeffectonthissignificance.Thenecessarypermissionsmayneedtobesoughtforthefollowingworks:

• Thetotalorsubstantialdemolitionofbuildingsorstructures(includingwalls,gatepiersandchimneys);

• Workstotreeswithadiameterof75mmorgreater,measuredat1.5mfromsoillevel;

• Puttingupadvertisementsandothercommercialsignage;and

• Changingtheuseofabuilding(e.g.fromresidentialtocommercial).

5.2.2 Theextentofpermitteddevelopment(i.e.changesthatareallowedwithoutrequiringconsentfromtheLocalAuthority)mayalsoberestricted;forexample,replacementwindows,alterationstocladdingortheinstallationofsatellitedishes.AdditionalcontrolmaybesoughtthroughArticle4Directions,whichspecificallyrevokepermitteddevelopmentrights.

5.2.3 GuidanceconcerningwhichpermissionisrequiredforproposedworkissetoutbyPlanningPolicyWalesinTechnicalAdviceNote24:TheHistoricEnvironment,(May2017;seeFurtherInformation).

5.3 CONSERVATION&DESIGNGUIDANCE5.3.1 ItisnottheintentionofConservationAreadesignationtopreventnewdesignanddevelopment;rather,itputsinplaceaprocesswherebyanyproposalsaremorethoroughlyinterrogatedtoensurethatthespecialinterestandcharacteroftheareaisprotected,andthatanyopportunitiestoenhancethisaretaken.TheprinciplesofnewdesignwithintheCaerleon Conservation Area apply across a widespectrum:fromminorshopfrontdetailstolargescalenewdevelopment.

5.3.2 Shopfronts5.3.3 Caerleonisnotnotablycommercialincharacter;however,therearepocketsofshopsonandaroundtheHighStreetandill-informedchangewillaffectthespecialinterestoftheConservation Area.

5.3.4 Inthefuture,NewportCityCouncilmaywishtocreateshopfrontdesignguidance,whichwillsetoutappropriateapproachestorenewingandrepairinghistoricretailunitssothattheyenhancethecharacterofCaerleon.

5.3.5 Considerationshouldbegiventothefollowingkeypoints:

• Ashopfrontispartofawholebuilding(potentiallyagroupofbuildingsformingaterrace),notaseparateentity.Itsdesignthereforeneedstoreflectthestyle,proportionsanddetailingoftherestofthebuilding,particularlytheelevationsaboveandtothesides.

• Anyhistoricshopfrontfeaturesthatsurviveshouldbekeptandincorporatedintoanyproposednewscheme,ratherthanreplaced.

• Traditionalmaterialssuchaspaintedtimberwillbestenhancethehistoriccharacterofthebuildings.

5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

• Whereseekingtoimprovefailingmodernfeature,atraditionally-designedalternativeusingappropriatematerialsispreferable.

• Cement-basedpointingisdamagingtobrickworkandmasonry,andcausesmoistureproblems.Repairsshouldalwaysbecarriedoutusingalime-basedmortarandafterrakingoutallthecementitiousmaterial.Thiswillensurethelonglifeofthebrickwork/masonry.Similarly,anyexternalrendersandstuccoesshouldbeappropriatelyspecifiedtopreventmoistureissues.

• Dueconsiderationshouldbegiventohowlong-lastingarepairwillbeandwhatmaintenancewillberequiredtomaximiseitslifespan.

• Reversibilityisanimportantconsiderationasbetteralternativesmaybecomeavailableinthefuture.

• Regulargutteranddownpipeclearingshouldtakeplacetopreventblockageandvegetationgrowth.Thismaintenanceshouldalsoextendtothegroundleveldrainstoensureeffectivewaterrun-off.

• Regularcleaningandrepaintinginabreathablewashcanextendthelifespanofexternal render.

• Climbingplantsshouldbecorrectlytrainedandregularlymonitoredtoensuretheyremainentwinedwiththefixingsanddonotstartrootingintothebuiltfabric.

• Fasciasshouldbeinproportionwiththebuildingandnotoverlylarge.

• Modestwindowswithstallrisers(i.e.aplinthunderthewindow),transomsandmullionsaretraditionalandappropriatefeaturestoretain or reintroduce.

• Thecolourpaletteofashopfrontanditssignageshouldreflectthetraditionalandhistoriccharacterofthestreetscape.Amutedtoneispreferableoverboldercolours.

5.3.6 Repairs and Maintenance5.3.7 Repairsandmaintenanceareinevitablewithanybuildingorsite,regardlessofage;however,withinaConservationArea,itisespeciallyimportantthatthisiscarriedoutsensitivelytoprotectthehistoricfabricofitsbuildingsandrespecttheestablishedcharacterofthewiderarea.

5.3.8 Maintenancediffersfromrepairinthatitisapre-planned,regularactivityintendedtoreducetheinstanceswhereremedialorunforeseenworkisneeded.Thehigherthelevelsofmaintenance,thelessneedtocarryout repairs.

5.3.9 Keypointstorememberwhenlookingto carry out repair or maintenance work are:

• Amethodofrepairthatwassuitableforonebuildingmaynotbesuitableforanother.Repairsshouldalwaysbeconsideredonacasebycasebasis.

• Repairsusingappropriatematerialsandtechniquesarealwayspreferableoverthewholescalereplacementofahistoricfeature.

• Whereahistoricalfeaturehasdegradedbeyondrepair,replacementshouldbecarriedoutonalike-for-likebasis.

5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.3.10 uPVCisaninappropriateandharmfulmaterialforhistoricbuildings:itcandamagetheirconditionanddetractfromtheircharacter.Traditionaljoineryitemssuchaswindowsandfrontdoorsshouldbekeptandrepairedwhereverpossible,orreplacedwithtraditionallydesignedtimberalternativewheretheoriginalhasdeterioratedbeyondrepair.TheuseoftimberalsoofferssustainabilitybenefitsoveruPVCunitswhichcannotbeeasilyrecycled.uPVCgutteringanddownpipesshouldalsonotbeusedintheConservationArea.Lead,castironorcoatedaluminiumbetterreflectthetraditionalcharacterofhistoricbuildings.

5.3.11 CadwhavepublishedarangeofguidancedocumentsonmanagingchangetoConservationAreasandListedBuildings,includingitsoverarchingpoliciesforthehistoricenvironment set out in Conservation Principles (2011).AselectionofthesearelistedintheFurtherInformationsection.

Understanding ‘Like-For-Like’Atermfrequentlyusedinconservationis‘like-for-like’replacementorrepair.Thisisfrequently–andmistakenly–takentomeanthatamodernalternativethatgenerallyechoesthestyleoftheelementremovedisacceptable.However,thisisnotaccurateoracceptable.Like-for-likeshouldalwaysbeinterpretedasanalternativethatmatchesthehistoricelementremovedintermsofitsmaterial,dimensions,methodofconstruction,finish,meansofinstallationandanyotherfeaturespecifictotheoriginalelement,suchthatthemodernreplacementishardlydiscerniblefromtheoriginal(acceptingthatitsconditionwillbegreatlyimprovedwheretheoriginalhasfailedbeyondrepair).

Forexample,modernuPVCwindowsinimitationofVictorian-stylesashwindowsbutwithfalseglazingbarsandtop-hungcasementopeningmechanismdonotconstitutealike-for-likereplacementforthetraditionaltimber-framedVictorianslidingsashwindows,althoughtheyappeartolooksimilar stylistically.

5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

Managing Trees in a Conservation AreaThematuretreesintheStowParkConservationAreaareanintegralpartofitscharacter.WorkstotreeswithintheConservationAreawithadiameterof75mmorgreater,measuredat1.5mfromsoillevelrequirespermissionfromNewportCityCouncil.ThisistoprotectthesignificantcontributiontheymaketothecharacterandspecialinterestoftheConservationArea.Workrequiringconsentincludes(butisnotlimitedto)toppingtomanagethegrowthofatreeandtheremovalofoverhangingbrancheswherethesearecausingdamagetobuildingsorotherstructures(orhavethepotentialtocausedamage).

TheWelshGovernmentprovidesguidanceonthemanagementofprotectedtrees(seeFurtherInformation),butthoseresponsiblefortreesintheCaerleonConservationAreashouldcontactNewportCityCouncilbeforecarryingoutanywork.

5.3.12 New Development5.3.13 Anynewdesignordevelopment(i.e.achangetotheConservationAreathatisnotarepair)needstotakeaccountofthefollowing:

• Thesignificanceofanybuildingorfeatureproposedtoberemoved;

• Thepotentialimpactofthenewdesignonthesettingofanyneighbouringpositivecontributors;

• Howlocaldetailsandmaterialscanbeincorporated;

• Thepotentialimpactonhistoricplotboundariesandratioofgreenspacestobuilding;

• Thevisualimpactofanynewfeaturestobeadded;and

• Whetheranysignificantbutfrequentlyoverlookedfeaturessuchasimportantrearelevationsorchimneystackswillbelostorobscuredfromview.

5.3.14 Thislistisnotexhaustive:everylocationwillpresentitsownuniquerequirementsforsensitiveandappropriatenewdesignordevelopment.Theprincipalaimshouldbetopreserveandenhancethehistoriccharacterofthebuilding(s)affected,theirsettingandthewiderarea.Honestly-moderndesignsofthehighestqualitymaybeacceptable.

5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.4 AIMS&OBJECTIVES5.4.1 ThefollowingaimsandobjectivesrespondtotheidentifiedissuesandopportunitieswithinCaerleonConservationAreaandwillbegivenmaterialconsiderationagainstanyproposalsputforwardthatmayaffectitsspecialinterestandcharacter.

5.4.2 Thelong-termvisionfortheConservationAreaistophaseoutanyill-consideredmodernadditionsandencouragehigh-qualityalterationsothattheimportanceofeachbuilding,andtheofthewholeConservationArea,isrevealedmoreclearlyandprotectedforthefuture.

1. Any new design, intervention or repair should be of the highest quality, regardless of scale, as per the guidance set out in section 5.3 of this Management Plan.Reason: To protect the character of the Conservation Area and help phase out ill-considered interventions.

2. Buildings, features and spaces identified as making a positive contribution to the Conservation Area will be afforded protection against harmful change. Reason: To protect the character of the Conservation Area as a whole and the significance of its individual heritage assets, in line with Government policy.

3. Due consideration should be given to the archaeological potential both below-ground and within standing structures wherever change is proposed.Reason: In line with the requirements of Scheduled Monument Consent and in response to the identified archaeological potential across the Conservation Area.

5.3.15 Public Realm5.3.16 Publicrealmfeatures(bins,bollards,lampposts,etc.)oftentendtobecomedatedinappearancequickly,sometimesduetoheavywearoranti-socialbehaviour,butalsoasaresultofpoordesignandshort-livedtrends.

5.3.17 Successfulpublicrealmschemesarecontextual,usinghigh-qualitymaterialsthatechothecharacterofthewiderarea,andcaneitherbetraditionalorhonestly-modernintheirdesign.Anyadditionsoramendmentstothepublicrealmwillalsoneedtotakeaccountofhighwaysandotherrelevantregulations.

5.3.18 Whereimprovementsareproposedtothehighways,aconservationstandardapproachshouldbetaken.Thisshouldincludefeaturessuchasnarrowerandpalerroadmarkings;forexample,slimmerdouble-yellowlinesinaprimroseyellow,ratherthanthicklinesinabrightyellow.Anyredundentorexcessivedirectionalsignageshouldberemovedtoimprovethevisualamenityofthestreetscapes.

5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

9. Newport City Council will explore the potential benefits of putting in place an Article 4 Direction for the colour of external paint and render.Reason: To maintain the characteristically light palette within the Conservation Area.

10. New public realm features and schemes should be cohesive and contextual, including any new interpretation schemes.Reason: To enhance the character of the Conservation Area and encourage engagement with its important public spaces.

4. Newport City Council will encourage proposals which seek to address the identified opportunities for enhancement, subject to their design.Reason: To improve the character of the Conservation Area.

5. The removal and prevention of vegetation growth from built structures is encouraged.Reason: To improve the aesthetic value of the streetscapes and improve the condition of the wall structures.

6. Development within the setting of the Conservation Area which harms its character should be resisted. Development which positively contributes to the setting of the Conservation Area will be encouraged.Reason: To protect and enhance the Conservation Area in line with Government policy.

7. Newport City Council will resist proposals to expose external brickwork or masonry that was historically intended to be rendered, and will support the reinstatement of this external treatment where it has been lost.Reason: To protect the architectural quality of the buildings, including group value where relevant, and their condition.

8. The impact of any new flood defences on the character of the Conservation Area and its setting should be mitigated as far as is practicable.Reason: To protect the Conservation Area against harm either as a result of new development or the effects of flooding.

FURTHER INFORMATION

Cadw GuidanceConservationPrinciplesfortheSustainableManagementoftheHistoricEnvironmentinWales,(2011),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/Conservation_Principles_EN.pdf

ManagingChangetoListedBuildingsinWales,(2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Managing%20Change%20to%20Listed%20Buildings%20in%20Wales%2024303%20EN.pdf

TechnicalGuidance(naturalslate;patchinglimerender;replacingsashcords;repointinginlime;stonetiles;windowglass),http://cadw.gov.wales/historicenvironment/publications/technicalguidance/?lang=en

ManagingConservationAreasinWales,(May2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Managing%20Conservation%20Areas%20in%20Wales%2028424%20EN.pdf

ManagingHistoricCharacterinWales,(May2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Managing%20Historic%20Character%20in%20Wales%2031145%20EN.pdf

ManagingListedBuildingsatRiskinWales,(May2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Managing%20Listed%20Buildings%20at%20Risk%20in%20Wales%2031144%20EN.pdf

SettingofHistoricAssetsinWales,(May2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Setting%20of%20Historic%20Assets%20in%20Wales%2026918%20EN.

WhatisScheduling?,(2002),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/What_is_Scheduling_EN.pdf

Newport City CouncilArchaeology&ArchaeologicallySensitiveAreas,(August2015),http://www.newport.gov.uk/documents/Planning-Documents/Supplementary-Planning-Guidance/Archaeology-SPG---August-Adoption-Version.pdf

LocalDevelopmentPlan2011-2026-http://www.newport.gov.uk/documents/Planning-Documents/LDP-2011-2026/LDP-Adopted-Plan-January-2015.pdf

SupplementaryPlanningGuidance;SecurityMeasuresforShopfrontsandCommercialPremises,(August2015),http://www.newport.gov.uk/documents/Planning-Documents/Supplementary-Planning-Guidance/Security-Measures-and-Shop-Fronts-SPG-Aug-2015.pdf

FURTHER INFORMATION

Welsh GovernmentPlanningPolicyWales,Chapter6TheHistoricEnvironment-http://gov.wales/docs/desh/publications/161117ppw-chapter-6-en.pdf

PlanningPolicyWales,TechnicalAdviceNote24:TheHistoricEnvironment,(May2017),http://gov.wales/docs/desh/policy/170531tan-24-thehistoric-environment-en.pdf

Protected Trees – A Guide to Tree Preservation Procedures,(November2013),http://gov.wales/docs/desh/publications/131115protected-treesguide-en.pdf

Other SourcesArchwilio,TheHistoricEnvironmentRecordsofWales,https://www.archwilio.org.uk/arch/HistoricWales,http://historicwales.gov.uk/#zoom=0&lat=300000&lon=258000&layers=BFFFFFTFFTTT

CaerleonNet,http://www.caerleon.net/index.htm

HistoricWales,http://historicwales.gov.uk/#zoom=0&lat=300000&lon=258000&layers=BFFFFFTFFTTT

RoyalCommissionontheAncientandHistoricalMonumentsofWales,https://rcahmw.gov.uk/discover/historic-wales/

ARCHITECTURAL GLOSSARY

Bargeboards:Boardsfixedwithinthetriangleofagable,oftencarvedordecorated.

Brutalist:Amid-20th-centurystyleofarchitecturecharacterisedbyitsuseoflargeblockformsandconcrete.

Canted Bay:Asectionofbuildingwhichprotrudeswithangledsides,usuallythree.Castellated:The‘up-and-down’upperpartofawalloriginallyintendedasadefensivefeature(i.e.likeacastle).

Classical: AnarchitecturalstylederivedfromthearchitectureofAncientGreeceandRome,characterisedbybalancedproportionsandsymmetry.

Dressings:Stoneorbrickworkframinganopeningorangleofabuilding.

Eaves:Theuppermostsectionofawall,whereitmeetsanoverhangingroof.

Elevation: Anexternalsideofabuilding.

Fascia:Aboardorsignacrossthetopofashopfront.

Hipped Roof:Whereallfoursidesofaroofslopedowntomeetthewalls(formingashallowpyramidshape).

Mullion:Averticlebarwithinawindow.

Polite: Astyleofarchitecturethathasbeenpurposelydesignedtolookaestheticallypleasant.

Stallriser:Asolidplinthatthebaseofashopfrontwindow.

Transom:Ahorizontalbarwithinawindow.

CONTACT DETAILS

Newport City Council, Planning TeamRegeneration,Investment&HousingCivic CentreNewportNP20 4UR

E: planning@newport.gov.ukT:01633656656W: http://www.newport.gov.uk/en/Planning-Housing/Planning/Planning.aspx

CadwWelshGovernmentPlas CarewUnit5/7CefnCoedParcNantgarwCardiffCF157QQ

E: cadw@wales.gsi.gov.ukT:03000256000W: http://cadw.gov.wales/?lang=en

Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological TrustHeathfieldHouseHeathfieldSwanseaSA1 6EL

E: enquiries@ggat.org.uk T:01792655208W: http://www.ggat.org.uk/

Victorian Society1 Priory GardensLondonW4 1TT

E: admin@victoriansociety.org.ukT: 020 8994 1019W: http://www.victoriansociety.org.uk/(NB: All case work is managed from London).

APPENDIX A: LIST OF HERITAGE ASSETS

ADDRESS STATUSASHWELL1-9Ashwell PositiveContributor

AshbrookHouse,Ashwell PositiveContributor

AshwellHouse,Ashwell PositiveContributor

BACKHALL STREET5BackhallStreet Grade II Listed

6&7BackhallStreet Grade II Listed

8BackhallStreet PositiveContributor

27BackhallStreet Grade II Listed

BakehouseCottage,32BackhallStreet PositiveContributor

35&36BackhallStreet PositiveContributor

37-43BackhallStreet PositiveContributor

GardenWallofPen-y-mynde,CastleLane Grade II Listed

GardenRailingsandGatetoTheHall,BackhallStreet

Grade II Listed

LondonHouse,BackhallStreet PositiveContributor

TheHall,BackhallStreet Grade II Listed

TheRedLionPH,BackhallStreet Grade II Listed

BELMONT HILLAshwellCottage,BelmontHill PositiveContributor

HillHouse,BelmontHill PositiveContributor

TheVines,BelmontHill PositiveContributor

BROADWAYBroadlands,Broadway PositiveContributor

BroadTowers,Broadway PositiveContributor

PrioryHouse,Broadway Grade II Listed

EntrancegatesandrailingsofPrioryHouse,Broadway

Grade II Listed

ADDRESS STATUSBULMORE ROAD1&2BellCottage,BullmoreRoad PositiveContributor

ChurchoftheHolySpirit,BulmoreRoad Grade II Listed

FoxleyCottage,BullmoreRoad PositiveContributor

MissonCottage,BulmoreRoad PositiveContributor

TelephoneCall-boxatthejunctionwithBulmoreRoad,IscaRoad

Grade II Listed

TheBellInnPH,BulmoreRoad Grade II Listed

CASTLE STREET1-6CastleStreet PositiveContributor

TheManse,7CastleStreet PositiveContributor

8-11CastleStreet PositiveContributor

TheCaptain’sHouse,12CastleStreet PositiveContributor

FormerChapel,CastleStreet PositiveContributor

CHURCH STREET2-5ChurchStreet PositiveContributor

6-8ChurchStreet PositiveContributor

12ChurchStreet PositiveContributor

13-17ChurchStreet PositiveContributor

MethodistChurch,ChurchStreet PositiveContributor

COLD BATH ROADStoneCottage,ColdBathRoad PositiveContributor

CROSS STREET1 Cross Street Grade II Listed

2 Cross Street Grade II Listed

6 Cross Street PositiveContributor

9&10CrossStreet PositiveContributor

15CrossStreet PositiveContributor

ADDRESS STATUS20&21CrossStreet Grade II Listed

PendragonHouse,18CrossStreet Grade II Listed

TheFirs,withattachedrailings,CrossStreet Grade II Listed

GOLDCROFT COMMON 12-16GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

19GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

21&22GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

27-29GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

38-43GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

PenryHouse,GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

Sainbury’s(frontpartonly),GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

TheGoldcroft,GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

TheGreen,GoldcroftCommon PositiveContributor

HANBURY CLOSEKing’sHouse,HanburyClose Grade II Listed

NaileryCottage,HanburyClose PositiveContributor

QuayWallandSlipattheHanburyArms,offHanburyClose

Grade II Listed

TheHanburyArmsPH,HanburyClose Grade II Listed

Towertothesouth-westof,andattachedtoTheHanburyArms,HanburyClose

Grade II* Listed

HighStreet

1-4HighStreet PositiveContributor

5HighStreet PositiveContributor

6HighStreet Grade II Listed

ADDRESS STATUS10HighStreet Grade II Listed

11&11AHighStreet PositiveContributor

12&13HighStreet PositiveContributor

17&18HighStreet PositiveContributor

30HighStreet,includingattachedrailings Grade II Listed

32HighStreet,includingrailings Grade II Listed

BoundaryWallbetweenThePrioryHotelandNo.35HighStreet

Grade II Listed

CadocHouse(medicalcentre),HighStreet PositiveContributor

CaerleonJunior&InfantSchool,HighStreet PositiveContributor

ChurchofSsDavid,JulianandAaron,HighStreet

Grade II Listed

EntrancegatesandrailingsofTheEndowedSchool,HighStreet

Grade II Listed

FfwrwmArtCentre,HighStreet PositiveContributor

LetterBoxoutsidethePostOffice,31HighStreet

Grade II Listed

LychGateoftheChurchofStCadoc,HighStreet

Grade II Listed

Porth-y-mynde,wallandentrancegatesofCaerCottage,HighStreet

Grade II Listed

ADDRESS STATUSTelephoneCall-boxnearTheGoldcroftPH,HighStreet

Grade II Listed

TelephoneCall-boxoutsidethePostOffice,HighStreet

Grade II Listed

TheEndowedSchool,HighStreet Grade II Listed

TheOldeBullInnPH,HighStreet Grade II Listed

TheOldMalthouse,HighStreet PositiveContributor

ThePostOffice,31HighStreet Grade II Listed

ThePriest’sHousewithattachedwallandgates,19HighStreet

Grade II Listed

ThePrioryHotel,HighStreet Grade II Listed

TownHall&Library,HighStreet PositiveContributor

WallsofNos.14and15AHighStreet Grade II Listed

ISCA ROADWhiteLionHouse,1IscaRoad Grade II Listed

2 Isca Road PositiveContributor

1&2ChurchCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

ChurnCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

CiderMillHouse,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

CoachHouse,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

Glan-yr-AfonCottage,Isca PositiveContributor

GrangeCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

GreatHouseandHeronHouse,IscaRoad Grade II Listed

HambrookCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

HawkingsCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

IscaGrange,includingattachedforecourtrailingsandgate,IscaRoad

Grade II Listed

IvyCottage,RoseCottage&Glandwr,IscaRoad

PositiveContributor

Lincoln,Marrows,Usk,MayandCromwellCottages,IscaRoad

PositiveContributor

MossCottage&FernCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

PearTreeCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

ADDRESS STATUSRiverCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

TheHollies,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

TheRetreat,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

TheWhiteCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

WalnutTreeCottage,IscaRoad PositiveContributor

MILL STREET15MillStreet PositiveContributor

22MillStreet PositiveContributor

24-32(even)MillStreet PositiveContributor

86&88MillStreet PositiveContributor

MillbrookCottage,92MillStreet PositiveContributor

MillbrookHouse,94MillStreet PositiveContributor

98MillStreet Grade II Listed

96MillStreet Grade II Listed

BrodawelHouse(inc.wall),MillStreet PositiveContributor

GardenWallofCastleAcre,CastleStreet Grade II Listed

GardenWallofTheMynde,CastleLane Grade II Listed

GardenWallofThePriest’sHouse Grade II Listed

PoachersCottage,MillStreet PositiveContributor

MUSEUM STREET4MuseumStreet PositiveContributor

AshlarporticoatTheRomanLegionaryMuseum,MuseumStreet

Grade II Listed

JubileeCottages,MuseumStreet PositiveContributor

LamppostinChurchyardoftheChurchofStCadoc,MuseumStreet

Grade II Listed

ChurchofStCadoc,MuseumStreet Grade II* Listed

NEW ROADTheMaltHouseHotel,NewRoad Grade II Listed

TheOldTollHouse,CaerleonRoad/NewRoad Grade II Listed

ShipInn,NewRoad PositiveContributor

ADDRESS STATUSNORMAN STREET1-5NormanStreet PositiveContributor

6-9NormanStreet PositiveContributor

10 Norman Street PositiveContributor

OrchardHouse,NormanStreet PositiveContributor

STATION ROADMinstrels’SportsBar,1StationRoad PositiveContributor

6&7StationRoad PositiveContributor

WHITE HART LANE1-4CarltonTerrace,WhiteHartLane PositiveContributor

BridgeHouse,Uskside PositiveContributor

CaerleonBridge,CaerleonRoad Grade II Listed

WarMemorialDrinkingFountain,TownHallPark

Grade II Listed

Scheduled Monuments

REFERENCE NO.

SITE NAME

MM014 CaerleonCastleMound

MM037 MedievalToweratHanburyArms

MM230 CaerleonLegionaryFortress

MM231 Caerleon Civil Settlement

MM232 CaerleonAmphitheatre

MM233 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:GoldcroftCommon

MM234 CaerleonFortress:SchoolFields

MM235 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:GroundsofStCadoc’sHome

MM236 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:AreabetweenPrioryHotelandPrioryLodge

MM237 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:FieldSEofBroadway

MM238 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:GroundsofMuseum

MM239 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:BackGardenofNo.4MuseumStreet

MM240 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:AreabehindCaerleonHouse

MM241 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:TownHallPark,HighStreet

MM242 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:AreaofMyrtleCottageBarracks

MM243 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:AreaoffWhiteHartLane

MM245 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:GroundsofHealthClinic

MM246 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:GroundsofCroftNursingHome

MM247 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:OldVicarageGarden

MM248 CaerleonLegionaryFortress:FormerGardenofTheFirs

MM252 CaerleonFortress:CarParkandGardenofEndowedSchool,NorthofBroadway

MM254 CaerleonCivilSettlement:AreaunderBroadwayPlayingFields

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