Breakthroughs in Tunneling · PDF fileCompensation Grouting -or- Soilfrac® Grouting ......

www.HaywardBaker.com

Compensation Grouting Breakthroughs in Tunneling

August 14-16, 2017

Chicago Dennis W. Boehm

2

Presentation Outline

• What is Compensation Grouting

• Installation Methods/Monitoring

• Case Histories

• Summary and conclusions

2

3

Presentation Outline

• What is Compensation Grouting

• Installation Methods/Monitoring

• Case Histories

• Summary and conclusions

3

4

Grouting Processes

5

Compensation Grouting -or- Soilfrac® Grouting

• Originally developed in the oil industry for fracturing formations to aide in the production of the well.

• Keller/Hayward Baker developed the process to accommodate small scale installation process for the geotechnical construction industry

• Allows precise control of lifting structures and when coupled with computer monitoring, control within millimeters

6

Soilfrac® Process

7

The injection pipes are made of multiple ported

tubes that allow design placement of grout

Grout after fracture initiated

Sleeve Port Pipe

Grouted Sheeth

Injection Port

Injection Pipe

Grout

Packer

Known as Tube-A-Manchette Pipes

8

Exposed Soilfrac lenses following a single

grout injection

9

Uses for Soilfrac® Grouting

10

Typical Grout Mix

• High to medium mobility cement based grout

• Typically 2-3:1 by weight of solids

• Common fillers are pre-hydrated bentonite, flyash, rock rock powders (i.e. limestone)

• Stabilizers and Fluidifiers

• Accelerants (i.e. granular or liquid sodium silicates)

10

11

Grouting Efficiency

• Ratio of ground volume change to grout volume injected

• Varies from site to site due to ground conditions

12

Presentation Outline

• What is Compensation Grouting

• Installation Methods/Monitoring

• Case Histories

• Summary and conclusions

12

13

Several methods of installing the grout pipes are

available based upon site restrictions

13

14

Soilfrac® - City-Tunnel Leipzig Control of drilling deviation

15

Compensation grouting from a shaft

15

16

Compensation grouting from nearby basement

16

17

Control of grouting parameters possible in real

time

17

All grouting parameters under real time control

Use of computer controlled pumping

units allow grout quantities to be

individually controlled controlled

pumping unit

18

Typical instrumentation types and locations

considered for compensation grouting

18

19

ww

w.Ke

llerG

rund

bau.

com

Compensation grouting “San Ruffillo”

TYPICAL CROSS SECTION Original design with SHAFT

fill sand

gravel, sandy, silty

grouting pipes 2 layers

tunnel 9.1m diameter

railway bridge

shaft

20

Pipe Installation by Horizontal Directional

Drilling (HDD)

20

21

Compensation grouting “San Ruffillo”

www.KellerGrundbau.com

TYPICAL CROSS SECTION

railway bridge

grouting pipes 2 layers maximum length 68m HDD-drilling

tunnel 9.1m diameter

fill sand

gravel, sandy, silty

22

Sophisticated and non sophisticated methods

allow for movement monitoring

22

Systems allow monitoring within 0.005 in

23

Soilfrac® - City-Tunnel Leipzig

Monitoring

24

Soilfrac® - City-Tunnel Leipzig

Grout control

Grout volume

Vertical displacement

TAM

25

Compensation grouting “Via Rimesse”

www.KellerGrundbau.com

3D graph of total grout volume

26

Presentation Outline

• What is Compensation Grouting

• Installation Methods/Monitoring

• Case Histories

• Summary and conclusions

26

27

San Francisco 3rd Street Light Rail - Central

Subway Drilling and Grouting Programs

Chinatown Station (CTS) Issue: Adjacent

Building Settlement along Station Excavation

Solution: Compensation Grouting

Union Market Square Station (UMS) Issue: Adjacent

Building Settlement along Station Excavation

Solution: Compensation Grouting

8/30/2017 27

28

CTS Compensation Grouting

28

Total Installed Grout Holes = 94

TAM Installed = 13,320 LFT

Treatment = 10 Buildings – 41,150 Sq. Ft.

29

CTS Compensation Grouting

Drilling and TAM Installation

30

CTS Compensation Grouting

Pre-conditioning Grouting

31

Union Square Market Station Array (UMS)

Compensation Grouting

Total Grout Holes = 209

TAM Installed = 19,605 LFT

Treatment = 15 Buildings – 126,815 Sq. Ft.

32

UMS Drilling and TAM Installation

33

UMS Pre-conditioning Grouting

34

LACMTA Regional Connector

As-Built TAM Locations

35

LACMTA Regional Connector

• Cross section - 13 precisely directionally navigated TAM’s up to 450 feet beneath the overlying structures on shallow spread footings

36

LACMTA Regional Connector

TAM Installation (cont.)

37

LACMTA Regional Connector

TAM Installation

38

LACMTA Regional Connector

HBI I-Grout Pumps and DAQ

39

LACMTA Regional Connector

Liquid Level and Tilt Meter Monitoring

40

Visualization software for monitoring the

grouting

40

41

LACMTA Goldline Monitoring

Portable tilt meters used on interior floor slabs. Near real time robotic total stations used on exteriors

42

SUMMARY and CONCLUSIONS

• Compensation grouting allows for quicker tunnelling applications

• Precise levelling of sensitive structures is more efficient with compensation grouting

• HDD installation procedures extend the treatment possible on project sites

• Visualization of the grouting process can be used to minimize “over grouting”

43

This is the Last Slide Thank You!! Questions?

Dennis W. Boehm

dwboehm@haywardbaker.com

713-213-0635