Bell Work Do you know where Greece is or the Greeks came from? If you do not then write no. What do...

Bell Work• Do you know where Greece is or the Greeks came from?

• If you do not then write no.

•What do you know about the Greek’s?

Greek Civilizatio

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Greece’s Geography• Mountainous

• European coast of the Mediterranean Sea– 400 islands off of

Greece

• Greece has 2 main peninsulas(3 sides surrounded by water)–Attica– Peloponnesus

Greece’s Geography• Attica & Peloponnesus

–Attica- Small, triangle shaped• Harbors-Sheltered places along the coast

–Peloponnesus-South of Attica

–Mountains & sea divide the area• Greek cities were independent

Greece’s Geography

• Farming–Mountains & rocky soil• Hard to farm

–Grew crops that were grown well in harsh environment• Olives (Staple crop)–Food–Oil (Cooking and Fuel)

• Sheep & Goats• Food was scarce even w/farming-Rely on the sea

Greece’s Geography

• The Greek Economy–Ppl. lived w/in 40 mi. of the sea• Link to the world

–Fishers, Sailors, Shipbuilders, & Traders/Merchants

–Bought grain from other areas of the world• Ex. Spain & Egypt

Greece’s Geography

Bell Work

•How did Ancient Greece’s geography effect the society?

Trading Civilizations• The Minoans, Mycenaeans, & Phoenicians

created ancient Greek Culture

• The Minoans-From island of Crete–Expert traders–They became wealthy-Rulers palace had

1,000 rooms–2000 B.C.- controlled trade in Eastern

Mediterranean Sea–1450 B.C.- Tsunami washed over Crete• Tidal Wave• Mycenaeans Greeks took over Minoans

Trading Civilizations

• The Mycenaeans-From Central Asia–Came to Greece around 1900 B.C.–Took Greek mainland & set up small kingdoms•Set around a palace on a protected hill–Center of trade=peace–Protection in war

–Earthquakes & war weakened society•Conquered-1200 B.C. by Dorians (iron weapons, not bronze)

–1150 B.C.-Civilization collapsed

Trading Civilizations

• The Phoenicians- From Phoenicia–E. Mediterranean (now Lebanon)–Needed sea to survive–3000 B.C.-Mediterranean to trade•Created colonies along route• Trade goods= cloth, glass objects, & engraved metal•Sidon & Tyre created purple dye–Most valuable trade good in Mediterranean for 2,500 yrs.

Trading Civilizations

• A Phoenician Invention–Spread culture, ideas, & trade goods•Create better goods & ideas•Greatest invention-Phoenician alphabet –Basis for our alphabet (Letters B, L, & O used)–Ancient Greeks adapted it to create their language–Reading & writing were simpler–Write tales that had been passed down orally

Trading Civilizations

Greek Religion & Culture

• Practiced Polytheism–12 main gods & goddesses• Lived on Mt. Olympus

• Played role in daily life

• Controlled natural events–Earthquakes & storms

• Festivals held to honor gods & goddesses–Ex. Olympic games held to honor Zeus

Greek Religion & Culture• Philosophy

–Philosophers- Lover of wisdom• Studied history, math, political science, & science• Great thinkers & taught students

–Socrates discussed ways to live- mid-400 B.C.• Angered people in his town (Athens)• Questioning customs, laws and religion• Put on trial for urging people to revolt-sentenced to death• Plato–Student of Socrates wrote down ideas & became a

teacher–Had Aristotle the famous philosopher as a student

Greek Religion & Culture

• Greek Dramas & Epics–Plays included comedies & dramas• Comedy-Play that ends happily• Tragedy-Play where main character is defeated or dies

–Held in outside theaters

–Actors wear a mask• Frowning masks=tragic figures• Smiling mask=comedy figures

Greek Religion & Culture

• Greek Dramas & Epics–Enjoyed poems that show Greek history

–Homer was a famous Greek poet•Created 2 epics

•What are epics?–Iliad –About a war b/t the Greeks & the Trojans–Odyssey-About a hero named Odysseus a person in the Greek army who took 20 yrs. to get home after the Trojan War