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What is a sentence?A sentence is a group of words having a subject and a predicate that expresses a complete thought.
2 Basic Parts of a sentence:Subject is the one being talked about in the sentence.
A simple subject is usually a noun or a pronoun.Predicate is the one that talks about the subject.
A simple predicate is usually a verb.
Basic Sentence Patterns
Sentence Pattern # 1: S-IV (Subject – Intransitive Verb) SUBJECT PREDICATENoun /
PronounVerb (intransitive)
That man works.Many people have arrived.She ate.
Sentence Pattern # 2: S-LV-C (Subject-Linking Verb-Complement) SUBJECT PREDICATE
Noun / Pronoun Linking Verb ComplementThe spectators are surprised.I am happy.She is familiar.
Sentence Pattern # 3: S-V-DO (Subject-Verb-Direct Object) SUBJECT PREDICATENoun /
PronounVerb Direct Object
Christopher bought a book.She wrote an excuse letter.
Sentence Pattern # 4: S-V-IO-DO (Subject-Verb-Indirect Object-Direct Object) SUBJECT PREDICATE
Noun / Pronoun Verb Indirect Object
Direct Object
He writes his mother a letter.The teacher gave them a quiz.
Sentence Pattern # 5: S-V-DO-OC (Subject-Verb- Direct Object-Objective Compliment)
SUBJECT PREDICATENoun / Pronoun Verb Direct Object Objective ComplementThey elected Tim its president.Studying keeps him busy.The sunset made the sky red.
CONSIDER THESE:
Transitive Verb- A verb that directs action toward
someone or something named in the sentence.
- Has a receiver of the action.Intransitive Verb
- A verb that does not direct action toward someone or something named in the sentence.
- Does not have a receiver of the action.
Transitive IntransitiveJoe met him Jay left after lunch.
Met whom? Left what?Him No answer
Direct Object- A noun or pronoun that receives
the action of a transitive verb- It answers the question Whom?
or What? after an action word.Example:The workers are repairing the road.(Are repairing what? The road.)
Indirect Object- A noun or pronoun that appears
with a direct object and names the person or thing that something is given to or done for.
- It answers the question To or for whom? or To or for what? after an action word.
Example:I gave him a birthday present.(Gave for whom? him.)
Complement- A word or group of words that
completes the meaning of the predicate of a sentence.
Objective Complement- Is an adjective or noun that
appears with a direct object and describes or renames it.
Example:
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