Awesome Aquifers

Awesome Aquifers

Ocean, river, wetland with discharge/recharge arrows.

Urban and Rural

Contamination sites

Water in the Environment Quiz I. Matching:

_____ 1. Density A. Water can pass through_____ 2. Porous B. Cycle of water from ocean to sky_____ 3. Permeable C. Ability of water to stick to itself_____ 4. Filter D. Measure of mass per unit volume_____ 5. Aquifer E. Measure of salt content in water_____ 6. Saturated F. Natural underground store of

water_____ 7. Cohesion G. Water is absorbed but trapped_____ 8. Pollution H. Anything that contaminates nature_____ 9. Salinity I. To remove excess particles from _____10. Evaporation J. Completely filled or soaked with

II. True or False: Read each selection carefully before making choice

_____ 11. If something is porous it must be permeable_____ 12. Layering occurs due to the settling of different

densities_____ 13. Oxygen is positive and Hydrogen is negative_____ 14. Oil is less dense than water and therefore floats_____ 15. Salt makes water less dense (harder to float)_____ 16. It is easier to float in the ocean than in a

swimming pool_____ 17. Clay is the best material to use in water filtration_____ 18. When ground is saturated it is full of water _____ 19. Landfills do not affect groundwater quality_____ 20. Algal blooms occur due to excess nutrients

III. Fill in the Blank: ** Bonus Section ** (2 pts each)

Phototactic organisms known

as _______ are an important food source for _____ shrimp.

If something is _______ it is

said to be able to be dissolved in water.

1. A hole or shaft drilled into the earth to pump water to the surface is referred to as a:A. sink hole B. Spring C. water supply D. well2. An outflow of water from a stream, pipe, groundwater aquifer, or watershed is called: A. recharge B. Dismiss C. discharge D. ejection 3. Material that allows water to penetrate through it is considered: A. leaky B. Absorbent C. resistant D. permeable4. The process of lowering the groundwater level through pumping a well is called: A. drawdown B. Attenuation C. reduction D. dwindling5. The solid rock beneath the soil and superficial rock is: A. foundation B. core rock C. bedrock D. base

6. Water that does not become absorbed by the earth but flows across the surface of the land into a stream or lake is called: A. runoff B. Overflow C. overspill D. discharge

7. The flow of water from the land surface into the subsurface is: A. permeation B. Admission C. penetration D. infiltration

8. An aquifer containing groundwater that has an impermeable layer below but not above it is called a(n): A. unconfined aquifer B. confined aquifer C. restricted aquifer D. upper aquifer

9. The zone immediately below the land surface where the pores and fractures contain both water and air is the:A. confining zone B. withdrawal zone C. unsaturated zone D. saturated zone

10. What is the term that describes or measures the open or void spaces in rocks or sediments?A. permeability B. Porosity C. absorbency D. sustainability

AWESOME AQUIFERS – Tips for Students1. Start by learning more about the event and groundwater. Read the rules, review glossary terms and resources about groundwater, and see pictures of model aquifers and the streaming video about the event on The Groundwater Foundation website at http://www.groundwater.org/pe/so_aa.html. 2. The key to a successful model aquifer and demonstration is planning. Consider which concepts you want to demonstrate in which order. Concepts do not have to be demonstrated in the order listed, and one demonstration may explain more than one concept. This includes demonstrating remediation techniques.

3. Containers: a. You may use more than one container if you wish. b. Don’t select containers that are larger or deeper than necessary. This cuts down on cost, waste, and weight. BIGGER IS NOT BETTER! The Groundwater Foundation’s experience is that smaller, carefully planned containers are more likely to win medals than larger containers. 4. Judging: a. Students may use notes while being judged as they demonstrate their models, but not for the written tiebreaker tests.

b. Remember to demonstrate concepts or identify aspects of your model. Students don’t receive full points when they simply talk about their models. All concepts required to be identified or demonstrated can be identified or demonstrated. c. Demonstrate or identify what’s asked for on rules. There are no points awarded except those listed on the rules.

Porosity vs. Permeability