An Introduction to Intellectual Disabilities

An Introduction to Intellectual

Disabilities

Amanda BlakeSPED PPTEDT 7860Down Syndrome

Prader Willi Syndrome

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Table of ContentsDown SyndromeDescriptionTips for ParentsTips for EducatorsTips for Students Technology ResourcesInternet Resources

Prader Willi SyndromeDescriptionTips for ParentsTips for EducatorsTips for Students Technology ResourcesInternet Resources

Fetal Alcohol SyndromeDescription Tips for Students Tips for Parents Technology ResourcesTips for Educators Internet Resources

Down Syndrome

1.Description

2.Tips for Parents

3.Tips for Educators

4.Tips for Students

5.Technology Resources

6.Internet Resources

Down Syndrome: Description• Cause: chromosomal

abnormality that most often results in moderate level of mental retardation.

• Affects about 1 in 691 live births.

• Types: Trisomy 21, Mosaicism, & Translocation.

• Characteristic physical features include short stature; flat, broad face with small ears and nose; upward slanting eyes; small mouth with short roof.

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Down Syndrome: Tips for Parents1. Keep track of your

child's chronic health, treatments, & education records.

2. Find good doctors, therapists, & specialists.

3. Remember your child is a child first.

4. Prioritize communication with your child.

5. Focus on your child’s strengths.

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Down Syndrome: Tips for Educators

1. Learn as much as possible about Down syndrome.

2. Talk candidly with your student’s parents.

3. Be as concrete as possible with the student.

4. Divide new tasks and large tasks into smaller steps.

5. Give the student immediate, concrete feedback.

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Down Syndrome: Tips for Students

1. Take adequate time to respond to questions.

2. Ask for visual or tactile cues and explanations.

3. Stay involved in social activities.4. Advocate for yourself. You are an

individual and you know you.5. Always remember that you are not

handicapped, a victim, and your disability does not define you.

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Down Syndrome: Technology Resources

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Picture Schedule Slantboard Intellikeys

Page fluffers Track ballSoftware

Down Syndrome: Internet Resources1. www.parents.com

/health/down-syndrome/down-syndrome-resources/

2. www.nichcy.org/disability/specific/downsyndrome

3. www.ndss.org

4. www.kidshealth.org/parent/medical/genetic/down_syndrome.html

5. www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/...downsyndrome.htm

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Prader Willi Syndrome

1.Description

2.Tips for Parents

3.Tips for Educators

4.Tips for Students

5.Technology Resources

6.Internet Resources

Prader Willi Syndrome: Description Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)

is the most common known genetic cause of life-threatening obesity in children.

Although the cause is complex it results from an abnormality on the 15th chromosome.

Affects about 1 in 15,000 live births.

Typically causes low muscle tone, short stature if not treated with growth hormone, incomplete sexual development, and a chronic feeling of hunger that, coupled with a metabolism that utilizes drastically fewer calories than normal, can lead to excessive eating and life-threatening obesity.

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Prader Willy Syndrome: Tips for Parents1. Look for ways to engage

in physical activity without calling it exercise.

2. Maintain a regular schedule.

3. Improve your own eating behavior and choose healthy foods.

4. Make sure you have a good physician and dietitian who are willing to learn about Prader Willi Syndrome.

5. Keep food out of sight. Out of sight, out of mind.

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1. Incorporating real-life experiences and concrete examples into lessons.

2. Break up tasks into sections.

3. Maintain a consistent routine during the school day.

4. Social skills may need to be explicitly taught.

5. If the student becomes disengaged, take breaks.

Prader Willy Syndrome: Tips for Educators

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Prader Willy Syndrome: Tips for Students

1. Get involved in school clubs, activities, and sports.

2. Pack your lunch! School lunch does not provide food options necessary for your diet.

3. Respect your limitations. They are in place to keep you healthy and happy.

4. Advocate for yourself. You are an individual and you know you.

5. Always remember that you are not handicapped, a victim, and your disability does not define you.

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Prader Willy Syndrome: Technology Resources

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Diversion Activities

Organization

Daily Schedule

Word Processing

Align Math Tasks

Learning Manipulative

Prader Willy Syndrome: Internet Resources

www.pwsausa.org/syndrome/ www.fpwr.org/about-prader-willi-syndrome www.pwsaohio.org/ www.ipwso.org/ www.nationwidechildrens.org/prader-

willi/clinic

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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

1.Description

2.Tips for Parents

3.Tips for Educators

4.Tips for Students

5.Technology Resources

6.Internet Resources

People with FAS might have abnormal facial features, growth problems, and central nervous system problems.

People with FAS can have problems with learning, memory, attention span, communication, vision, or hearing.

Each year in the United States, an estimated 40,000 babies are born with an FASD.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Description

FAS represents the severe end of the FASD spectrum. Fetal death is

the most extreme outcome from drinking

alcohol during pregnancy.

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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Tips for Parents

1. Establish predictable routines.

2. Use rewards rather than punishment.

3. Use the services of an occupational therapist or a professional skilled in sensory and /or auditory integration therapy.

4. Focus on social skills and living skills.

5. Help the child with transitions.

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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Tips for Educators

1. Repeat, repeat, repeat. You may need to reteach information multiple times.

2. Follow a routine. Routines help students with FASD know what to expect and decrease their anxiety.

3. Keep it simple. Students with FASD learn better in a simple environment with few distractions. One-on-one or small groups work best when possible.

4. Be specific. Say exactly what you mean. Give directions step by step.

5. Break large tasks into smaller tasks. Use pictures, charts, or other visual aids.

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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Tips for Students

1. Find strategies to avoid overstimulation at school. Utilize quiet spaces.

2. Inform teachers on how they can make learning more comfortable. (Visually, Explanatory, etc.)

3. Take your time. FAS students are known as “ten second people in a one second world”

4. Create visual cues for lack of memory.

5. Stay involved in social activities.

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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Technology Resources

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Reduced Stimuli Classroom

Quiet Stations

Reduced Anxiety

Visual Reminders

Model Behavior Multi Sensory

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Internet Resources

http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/brain/fas.html

http://www.nofas.org

http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/index.html

http://www.doublearc.org

http://www.odh.ohio.gov/features/odhfeatures/notasingledrop.aspx

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