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Agricultural Agricultural MechanicsMechanics
Fundamentals & Fundamentals & ApplicationsApplications
Agricultural Agricultural MechanicsMechanics
Fundamentals & Fundamentals & ApplicationsApplications
UNIT 19—Figuring a Bill UNIT 19—Figuring a Bill of Materials (BOM)of Materials (BOM)
Bill of Materials• Define as a list and description of
all the materials to be used in constructing a project.
Components• Bill of materials should include:
– Item or part name– Number of pieces– Type of material– Size of pieces– Description of parts– Total feet– Unit cost– Cost
Tips• Calculate:
- number of pieces - total footage - type of wood, etc. - individual prices - total cost
• Be sure to calculate lumber for the length that is to be purchased—not just the length to be used for the project.
Calculating Board Feet
• For small lumber:BF = Thickness (in) Width (in) Length (in)
144Or: BF = T'' W'' L''
144
• For large lumber:BF = T'' W'' L'
12
Pricing• Rough Lumber from sawmill is sold
by per thousand board feet.• Wood products that are sold in
sheets are sold by the panel or by the square foot.
• Retail stores sell lumber by linear measurements.
Standard Abbreviations“ or in = inch lb = pound‘ or ft = foot d = penny(nails)yd = yard NC= Nat’l coarsemi = mile NF=Nat’l fineea = each NPT=Nat’l pipe@ = atN/A = not applicablept = pint
Standard AbbreviationsLF = linear footBF = board footS1S = surface 1 sideS2S = surface 2 sidesS3S = surface 3 sidesS4S = surface 4 sidesNo. /# = numberin² = square inchft² = square footyd² = square yard
Standard AbbreviationsSquare = 10’ X 10’ or 100 square feetNC = national coarse threadsNF = national fine threadsNPT = national pipe threadsd = penny (nails)lb = poundsCwt = hundredweight (100 lbs)
Lumber• Available in 6’, 8’, 10’, 12’, 14’, 16’,
– Special orders for 18’ & 20’
– Widths• 1x6 2x4• 1x8 2x6• 1x10 2x8• 1x12 2x10
2x12 4x6
Plywood• Interior and Exterior grades
– Available in 4’ x 8’ sheet
– Thickness – ¼”, 3/8”, ½”, 5/8”, ¾” 1”
Structural Steel• Standard Length – 20feet
– Flat iron – thickness – 1/8,3/16,1/4,5/16,3/8,1/2
– Width – ½, ¾,, 1, 1-1/2, 2, 3, 4, 5 inch– Angle iron – thickness – same as flat iron– Width – 1/2x1/2; 3/4x3/4; 1x1; 1-1/2x1-1/2;
2x2; extends to 4x4– Round –Hot Rolled, Cold Rolled or Tool Steel– Size in diameter = ¼, 5/16,3/8,3/4,1 to 3”
Steel Pipe• Standard length = 21 feet• Black & galvanized• Lengths
– ¼, 3/8, ½, ¾, 1 up to 3 inches
Important Terms• Item—a separate object.• Rounded Up—when rounding
numbers, round to the next highest number.
• Tongue and Groove Lumber—lumber with a tonguelike edge sticking out on one side and a groove cut into the other.
Terms Cont.• Galvanize—coat a metal with
zinc.• Cadmium—used for rust-resistant
plating of steel products.• Board Foot—an amount of wood
equal to a board 1'' thick, 1' wide, and 1' long.
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