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Advanced Liquid Fuels
Clean Jet Fuel made by a newly developed Fischer-Tropsch Technology:
Innovative, effective and environmentally friendly
Dr Brendon Hausberger – presenting author
Co authors:
Dr Simon Holland, Axel Juch, Dr Erhard Tschirner, Dr Rüdiger Schwarz
Requirements for Clean Fuel Technology
• Progress has been made renewable sources for electricity and in respect of ground vehicles, the challenge of aircraft fuel remains a challenge.
• Jet fuel demand is increasing at over 3% per annum
• Simultaneous environmental pressure is increasing to reduce impact of the aviation industry.• Commitment to CO2 60% reduction by 2050.
• Major progress has been made in fuel consumption (>80%), but we also need to consider a drop in substitute that is cleaner to use.
Meeting the Jet Fuel Challenge
Requires expanded and diversified supply sources
Preferably locally based to reduced BOT impact
Ensure emissions from production and usage are
reduced
Water and land impact are critical for CTL options
Fuel must be cheap enough to use
Fuel is the single largest impact on the aviation industry
Fuel must be drop-in replacement
Aircraft need to be able to switch between this fuel and
other supplies without modification
Importance of Coal Resources to Germany’s Achieving Clean Fuel Energy Security• Germany is one of the worlds largest energy consumers
• Brown coal is historically Germany's only locally self sufficient energy resource.
• Local fossil fuel resources are diminishing thereby increasing dependency on imports.
• Import dependency creates financial uncertainty for future planning and places costing control outside domestic influence
Why use Fischer Tropsch?
• Well proven as a fuel producer
• Provides a feedstock for downstream chemical production
• Can support energy security in parallel with supporting increased chemical production
Benefits of using FT Fuels in Aircraft
• Over 90% reduction in Particulate Matter emissions
• Despite lower fuel density, increased energy density (allows greater yield from same fuel)
• Reduced fuel viscosity
• Over 90% reduction in SOx due to lower sulphur content in fuels (<5ppm)
• Reduction in NOX of up to 30% subject to fuel formulation.
• Improved thermal stability
• Have been accepted as drop in fuel substitutes
Overview of ALF Technology
• Once-Through Modular FT process
• Fixed Trickle Bed Technology
• Iron based catalyst
• Variable product upgrading options:• Ultra low sulphur diesel• Ultra low sulphur jet fuel• Gasoline
• Subject to implementation market and Scale can also produce:• Power• Clinker• Fertiliser• Chemicals and Waxes
ALF Process
Product Distribution Options
LPG; 2% Light Naphtha; 9%
Heavy Naphtha; 8%
Diesel; 82%
LPG; 4%Gasoline;
16%
Diesel; 80%
LPG; 10%
Light Naphtha;
26%
Heavy Naphtha; 4%
Jet Fuel; 60%
LPG; 14%
Light Naphtha;
10%
Gasoline; 30%
Jet Fuel; 46%
Jet
Fue
lD
iese
l
No Gasoline By-product With Gasoline By-product
Performance Benefits of ALF Process
• Increased thermal efficiency (>46%)
• Lower environmental impact than other CTL options:• 20-25% lower CO2 than competing processes.• >25% reduction in water usage
• Flexible product selectivity
• Technology allows for either co-generation or chemicals beneficiation or both• Cogeneration can include both baseline and ramping
power
• Concentration CO2 stream support future CCSU
5.68 tonnes
CO2
Competing Technology
CTL
Urea Production
Power Generation
(IGCC)
7.3 tonnes CO2
3.52 tonnes CO2
0.15 tonnes CO2
10.97 tonnes
CO2
CO2 Emissions–Vergleich
11
CO2 – Emissions per Tonne FT - Product
05.04.2016
XtEL-Process H&H: 5,68 t CO2Conventional FT - Prozess: 10,97 t CO2
Advantage: Up to 50% reduction in CO2 emissions compared to conventional FT process
XtEL™ Sources
0.04 tonnes CO2
Power Generation
Fertilizer Production
0.88 tonnes CO2
Syngas Production
(Gasification / Reformer)
FT Production
5.73 tonnes CO2
0.11 tonnes CO2
Urea1.07 tonnes
CO2
XtEL™ Sinks
9,47
5,92
5,53
3,09
1,78
0 2 4 6 8 10
Competing CTL Technology*
Coal XtEL Technology
Methane Flaring
Competing GTL Technology**
Gas XtEL Technology
Tonnes of CO2/Tonne Liquid Product
Carbon Emission Comparison
Provenance of the Process Components
• Innovation lies in:• Design (catalyst, process integration
and concept)
• FT component demonstrated with over 18 months of operation with coal derived syngas.
• All technology process blocks have been demonstrated on full commercial scale.
Conclusions• Germany’s Lignite resources can provide fuel security for the local and European
fuel requirements.
• This can be done:• Environmentally responsibly
• Economically competitively
• Products do need to complete the regulatory process to be acceptable, but good processes and benchmarks in place to achieve this.
• Process could use other syngas sources such as biomass/biogas/natural gas
• ALF is in ongoing discussion with Potential German partners to establish 10 bpd demonstration for the production of clean jet fuel
Thank you for your attention
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