ACTINIC MASK IMAGING: TAKING A SHARP LOOK AT NEXT GENERATION PHOTOMASKS Semiconductor High-NA...

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ACTINIC MASK IMAGING: TAKING A SHARP LOOK AT NEXT GENERATION PHOTOMASKS

Semiconductor High-NA actinic Reticle Review Project

Markus Benk, Antoine Wojdyla, Ken Goldberg, Patrick Naulleau

2015 International Symposium on Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography, Maastricht, the Netherlands, October 6

2Overview

Source: Synchrotron

Optics: Zoneplate lenses

4×NA: 0.25–0.625

Sigma: Programmable

Navigation: Full-mask XY

Throughput: ~8 series/hour

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

3Introduction

Mangat, PMJ 2015

500 nm

Mask SEM Wafer SEMSHARP aerial image

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

4

Results

Bright field image Zernike Phase Contrast

Complementary imaging modes 1 µm

Introduction 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

5

Through-focus, Δ z= 400 nm Complex amplitude200 nm

Mochi, SPIE 79691X (2011)

Phase reconstruction, modified Gerchberg-Saxton Algorithm

Through-focus, Δ z= 400 nm Complex amplitude

Introduction 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

6

Fourier Ptychography Microscopy

synthesized NA

Pupil plane Complex amplitude

1µm

Introduction 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

7

Source angular spectrum

Aperture

Introduction 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

7

Fourier Synthesis Illuminator

Zoneplate lens

Introduction 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Illuminator angular range

0.625 4xNA10° CRAσ=0.8

8Fourier Synthesis Illuminator

σ =1 outline

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

ASML Flex Pupil

9

Liu, SPIE 90480Q (2014)Meiling, SPIE 83221G (2012)

Freeform source

7 standard fills

Fourier Synthesis Illuminator 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Pupil fill

10

Conventional 0.33 4xNA, 6° CRA

Fourier Synthesis Illuminator 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Pupil diagram YAG image, 4mm below focus

Pupil fill

Crosspole 0.33 4xNA, 6° CRA

10Fourier Synthesis Illuminator 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Pupil diagram YAG image, 4mm below focus

Pupil fill

Crosspole 0.33 4xNA, 6° CRA

10Fourier Synthesis Illuminator 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Pupil diagram Modulation of flux in pupil channels

Pupil fill

Quasar 0.33 4xNA, 6° CRA

10Fourier Synthesis Illuminator 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Pupil diagram Modulation of flux in pupil channels

Pupil fill

Freeform Source 0.33 4xNA, 6° CRA

10Fourier Synthesis Illuminator 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Pupil diagram Freeform-source example

Zoneplates

5SHARP 2013 EUVL Symposium, Toyama, Japan

Gold pattern onSi-membranes

Magnetic mounting Kinematic positioning 5 mm

Gold pattern onSi-membranes

Magnetic mounting Kinematic positioning 2 mm

Zoneplates

12

Chip A

Standard Zoneplates: 0.25 to 0.625 4xNA 6° to 10° CRA 5 azimuthal angles

SHARP

Chip B Zernike Phase Contrast Differential Interference Contrast Stereoscopic imaging Cubic Phase Modulation

160 µm

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Zoneplates

Chip A

Standard Zoneplates: 0.25 to 0.625 4xNA 6° to 10° CRA 5 azimuthal angles

Chip B Zernike Phase Contrast Differential Interference Contrast Stereoscopic imaging Cubic Phase Modulation

Chip C Elliptical zoneplates

160 µm

12SHARP 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Ken’s data

13SHARP 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Goldberg, SPIE 94221A (2015)

14

PhotoresistInpria YA-Series Resist

Negative-tone 50-nm absorption length

30-nm thick resist on Si-wafer coated with astandard Mo/Si-multilayer

30% EUV-transmissionon double pass

Resolution Test Target

MET3Berkeley MicrofieldExposure Tool 0.3 NA

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

15

SEM image

22-nm hp lines

Resolution Test Target 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

16

Resolution Limits

dipole

0.156 NA(0.625 NA scanner)

0.125 NA

(0.5 NA scanner)

Rayleighcoherent

zoneplate

66

33

108

5454 pitch

27 hp

53

26

87

4444 pitch

22 hp

Resolution Test Target

Illumination coherent incoherentextreme dipole

Resolution limit (full cycle)

0.5 4xNA108 nm

54 nm

66 nm

33 nm

54 nm (pitch)

27 nm (hp)

0.625 4xNA 87 nm

44 nm

53 nm

26 nm

44 nm (pitch)

22 nm (hp)

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

17Results

0.5 4xNA

Coherent illumination

100-nm hp lines

2 µm

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

17Results

0.5 4xNA

Coherent illumination

100-nm hp lines

2 µm

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Vertical Lines

Results

0.5 4xNA

Coherent illumination rC=54 nm hp

• 100-nm hp v lines

83% modulation

300 nm

CD

182015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.5 4xNA

Coherent illumination rC=54 nm hp

60-nm hp v lines

68% modulation

Results

300 nm

CD

182015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.5 4xNA

Coherent illumination rC=54 nm hp

50-nm hp v lines

No modulation

Results

300 nm

CD

182015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.5 4xNA

Incoherent illumination rR=33 nm hp

50-nm hp v lines

20% modulation

Results

300 nm

CD

182015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.5 4xNA

Incoherent illumination rR=33 nm hp

36-nm hp v lines

5% modulation

Results

300 nm

CD

182015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.5 4xNA

Incoherent illumination rR=33 nm hp

34-nm hp v lines

4% modulation

Results

300 nm

CD

182015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.5 4xNA

Extreme dipole rD=27 nm hp

34-nm hp v lines

27% modulation

Results

300 nm

CD

182015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.5 4xNA

Extreme dipole rD=27 nm hp

28-nm hp v lines

14% modulation

Results

300 nm

CD

182015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Coherent illumination rC=44 nm hp

100-nm hp v lines

83% modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Coherent illumination rC=44 nm hp

50-nm hp v lines

56% modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Coherent illumination rC=44 nm hp

40-nm hp v lines

No modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Incoherent illumination rR=26 nm hp

40-nm hp v lines

18% modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Incoherent illumination rR=26 nm hp

28-nm hp v lines

3% modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Incoherent illumination rR=26 nm hp

26-nm hp v lines

2% modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Extreme dipole rL=22 nm hp

26-nm hp v lines

33% modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Extreme dipole rL=22 nm hp

24-nm hp v lines

25% modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

0.625 4xNA

Extreme dipole rL=22 nm hp

22-nm hp v lines

10% modulation

Results

200 nm

CD

192015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Source angular spectrum

Aperture

202015 EUVL Symposium, MaastrichtEmulation of anamorphic imaging

Emulation of anamorphic imaging

202015 EUVL Symposium, MaastrichtEmulation of anamorphic imaging

Emulation of anamorphic imaging

Elliptical zoneplates 4x/8xNA = 0.55 6º CRA Magnification from

1250 to 1636

SEM image

212015 EUVL Symposium, MaastrichtZoneplate lenses

22Imaging results

Emulation ofanamorphicimaging

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Emulation ofanamorphicimaging

22Imaging results 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Emulation ofanamorphicimaging

22Imaging results 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Emulation ofanamorphicimaging

22Imaging results 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Emulation ofanamorphicimaging

22Imaging results 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Emulation ofanamorphicimaging

22Imaging results 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

2x1 binning

23Imaging results 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

2x1 binning

23Imaging results 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

24

Cross sections

60-nmvertical lines

120-nmhorizontal lines,2x1 binning

Imaging results 2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

SummarySemiconductor High-NA Actinic Reticle Review Project

Emulation of imaging in EUV

scanner Complementary imaging modes Phase extraction Fourier Synthesis Illuminator

produces arbitrary sources Emulation of anamorphic

imaging 22-nm half-pitch resolution

Portions of this work were funded by SEMATECH and Intel through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

sharp.lbl.gov

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Thanks toour users.

Thanksto INTEL.

sharp.lbl.gov

Thank you!

2015 EUVL Symposium, Maastricht

Thanks toour users.

Thanksto INTEL.

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