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3.8 The Rise of
Totalitarianism
Indoctrinate:(in·doc·tri·nate)
To teach someone a belief
thoroughly and systematically
while suppressing independent
thought.
Totalitarianism: The belief in a government
that takes total, centralized,
state control of every aspect
of public and private life.
Usually lead by a dictator.
A Dictator is...A leader or small group of
leaders who rule a country with
absolute power, usually by force.
Why
Totalitarianism? Many democratic governments in
Europe had failed to fix the
economic problems caused by WWI
and the Great Depression. As a
result, many turned to
totalitarianism & dictators for
answers to their problems.
Democracy+
Economic Depression=
Rise of totalitarian
governments
Soviet Union(Joseph Stalin)
Italy(Benito Mussolini)
Germany(Adolf Hitler)
Japan(Emperor Hirohito)
Spain(Francisco Franco)
TRAITS of
Totalitarianism
1. Police Terror
Dictators often used police/military groups
to terrorize citizens; violence was readily
used to force obedience and crush
opposition. Gestapo
(Germany) Cheka
(Soviet Union)Blackshirts
(Italy)
The Great PurgeA campaign of terror
directed at eliminating
anyone who
threatened Stalin’s
power.
Thousands were executed,
and millions more died in
labor camps known as
Gulags.
The Great Purge
2. Complete
ObedienceTotalitarian governments
deny basic liberties, and
demand complete obedience
and personal sacrifice for the
good of the country.
"I do solemnly swear that I, no matter
how I feel, no matter what the
conditions, if there are hurricanes or
whatever, will vote on or before the
12th for Donald J. Trump for
President. Now I know. Don't forget
you all raised your hands. You swore.
Bad things happen if you don't live up
to what you just did.”
Trump asks
backers to
swear their
support
March 5, 2016
Ukrainian farmers
refused Stalin’s attempt
to collectivize farms
throughout the USSR.
Terror Famine
In response, Stalin cut off
rations to the Ukraine and
effectively starved most of
the population to death until
they obeyed.
Terror Famine
3. IndoctrinationEducation is controlled by the totalitarian
state. Schools glorify the leader and teach
children that obedience and loyalty is
required above everything – including
their own families.
Hitler Youth Stalin Youth
Mussolini Youth
Nazi organization
designed to promote
Nazism among children,
and prepare future Nazis.
Hitler Youth
4. Propaganda and
CensorshipPropaganda is spread by the
totalitarian government to
persuade people to believe what
they say. In addition, no
publication, film, art, or music is
allowed to exist without the
permission of the gov’t.
Served as a strongly
influential propaganda film
that demonstrated
Germany’s return to great
power, and promoted Nazi
beliefs.
Triumph Of the Will
5. Religious and Ethnic
PersecutionDictators create “enemies of the
state” to blame for things that go
wrong. Many times, these
“enemies” are members of
religious, ethnic, or minority
groups.
The Nazis chose
Jews, among
many others, as
the enemy of
Germany and
the world.
The Holocaust
Consequently, the Nazis
set out to find a
“solution” to the Jewish
“problem” –
extermination.
The Holocaust
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