(2) Egyptian Experience in Green Architecture (1994-2008)

Egyptian Experience in Green Architecture 1994-2008

Integral Design Approach

Professor Ahmed Reda AbdinProfessor of Architecture and Environmental Control

Cairo University

1 .The Beginning of Green Architecture

2 .Systems Integration

3.Integral Approach to Design

6 .Integral environmental design - Egyptian Examples

Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

4 .Egypt Energy Efficiency Building Code EEEBC

5 -Integral environmental design - International Examples

7.Factors to Consider for Green Architecture

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Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

1 .The Beginning of Green Architecture

Ancient Egyptian

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Egyptian Islamic Architecture

Sultan Hasan Madrasah

Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

1 .The Beginning of Green Architecture

5Egyptian Islamic Architecture

1 .The Beginning of Green Architecture

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Egyptian Islamic Architecture

Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

1 .The Beginning of Green Architecture

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Egyptian Islamic Architecture

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1 .The Beginning of Green Architecture

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2 .Systems Integration

ComponentElement System

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3 .Integral Approach to Design

Regional(region)

Urban (city)

Intermediate site)

Inner (building)

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Integral Design Approach

HumanSystem

BuildingSystem

5NaturalSystem

6Technological

System

3InteriorSystem

4TechnicalSystem

1Objectives

System

2ActivitySystem

Environmental

System

Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

3 .Integral Approach to Design

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Compliance ProcedureCompliance Procedure

CertificationCertification

Mandatory RequirementsMandatory Requirements

PrescriptivespecificationsPrescriptive

specifications Trade-offTrade-offWhole building

Performance

4 .Egypt energy efficiency building code EEEBC

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Prescriptive Tables

4 .Egypt Energy Efficiency Building Code EEEBC

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Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

من لنماذج عالمية امثلة

المستدامة البيئية العمارة

5 -Integral environmental design - International Examples

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Energy EfficiencyAnd Renewable Energy (Strategies)

BigHorn Home Improvement Centre Silverthorne, Colorado (commercial buildings)

(Source: adapted from AIA, 2003) after Tarek Fargaly

Computer Controlled Clerestory Windows

Translucent Skylights

Radiant Floor Heating

Integrated PV Panels

Transpired Solar collector

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Environmentally Friendly High Rise BuildingLow-energy design and renewable energy at 4 Times Square

Filtration system for air pollutants

50% more fresh air provided

Floor by floor air quality monitoring

Environmentally friendly building materials

PV panels in curtain wall

High efficiency variable speed pumps, motors and fans

Gas fired absorption HVAC system

Alternative energy source

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Additional air shaft for smoking fumes and heat

Environmentally friendly building maintenance

Centralised automated building management

Existing tools re-used

Fuel cells

Removable crane for building maintenance

Integrated communications tower

Commissioning

High performance low-E glass curtain wall

Hat truss structure reduces steel use

Concrete core structure reduces steel use

Recyclable waste chutes

Recycled and recyclable building materials

Recyclable waste storage

Energy

Indoor air quality

Recycling

Recycling management

Efficient lighting Occupancy sensors

after Tarek Fargaly

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Energy Efficiency And Renewable Energy (Strategies)

Conceptual Proposals (Integrated Wind Turbines)

• The wind turbines shade the space below and generate electricity.

• This particular roof is designed to cover a large swimming pool in a desert environment. (Source: Jantzen, 2003)

• A two-tower 200-metre tall building with three integrated turbines. Optimum performance is obtained for smooth, rounded, fully 3-D building forms; towers with ‘Kidney’ or ‘Boomerang’ footprints produce the best wind enhancement. (Source: Campbell, 2001)

The Turbine Tower Project by Richard Rogers : designed to generate energy from renewable sources. (Source: Futagawa, 1995)

after Tarek Fargaly

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REFLECTION OF SUNLIGHT (Automatic Chasing Mirror System)

The size of the mirror is 2.25m2 for high rise building and 1.2 and 0.7 diameter for medium and low rise building.

The mirror starts chasing the sun when the solar altitude angle is higher than 10 degrees in the morning and stops when the angle is  below 10 degrees in the evening

after Tarek Fargaly

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Mirror systems have a sensor to chase the daylight and reflect it downward

The sensor stops working in rainy day and at night An extra mirror can be installed to reflect daylight to

lower levels

REFLECTION OF SUNLIGHT (Automatic Chasing Mirror System)

after Tarek Fargaly

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REFRACTION OF SUNLIGHT (Fresnel Lenses)

Rotating flat prism technology directs the sun's rays downward.

This system automatically tracks the sun to direct collected light downward and create a comfortable environment after Tarek Fargaly

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Prisms direct the collected sunlight indoors.

The system uses solar cells to drive the two flat prisms

Ultraviolet and infrared rays are cut to provide light without temperature rises after Tarek Fargaly

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Laser Cut Panel redirect light through pyramid skylight

The use of angular selective glazing upon atria allows the rejection of high elevation direct sunlight whilst redirecting and therefore improving low elevation skylight penetration

REFRACTION OF SUNLIGHT (LCP angular selective skylights)

after Tarek Fargaly

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Collecting ,Transporting (Sun-tube), and Mixing

with Natural Artificial Light (HYBRID SYSTEM) 1. Collecting head unit2. Duct unit 3. Diffuser unit4. Sulphur lamps5. Hollow light guides6. Coupling and diffuser

unit7. Electronic control

system

Fresnel lens

Mirror

after Tarek Fargaly

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The system uses roof-mounted concentrators to collect and separate the visible and infrared portions of sunlight

The visible portion is distributed through large-diameter optical fibers to hybrid luminaires

Hybrid luminaires are lighting fixtures that contain both electric lamps and fiber optics for direct sunlight distribution.

When sunlight is plentiful, the fibre optics in the luminaires provide all or most of the light needed in an area. Unlike conventional electric lamps, they produce little heat

During times of little or no sunlight, sensor-controlled electric lamps operate to maintain the desired illumination level

Collecting ,Transporting (Fibre optics), and Mixing with Artificial Light (HYBRID SYSTEM)

after Tarek Fargaly

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من لنماذج محلية امثلة

المستدامة البيئية العمارة

Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

6 -Integral environmental design - Egyptian Examples

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Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

Fouad Reyad House by Hassan Fathy

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Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

Nubian Museum

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Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

Alexandria Library

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وتغطيتها المزدوجة الجدران فى فتحات تنفيذ تمالشرقية الواجهات فى الومنيوم ليات بجرا

وذلك الزجاجية الفتحات واعلى اسفل والغربيةوخرجه اسفل من البارد الهواء بدخول للسماح

الحرارى التخلف زمن زيادة على للعمل اعلى منالداخلى الفراغ حرارة درجة تلطيف على ايضا و

East & West Elevation Details

New and Renewable Energy Authority

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Mixed-mode Conditioning System

This system is intended for medium occupancy densities and equipment loads.

It combines features of the first and thesecond systems, assuming a passiveoperation as described above with theaddition of a conventional cooling componentsuch as chilled beams.

New AUC Campus

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Misr University for Science and Technology

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Misr University for Science and Technology

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Misr University for Science and Technology

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Daylighting by Top Apertures

Example: North-facing monitors in laboratory at MUST

Energy Efficient Building in EgyptEnergy Efficient Building in Egypt

Designed by Dr Ahmed Abdin

Misr University for Science and Technology

Misr University for Science and Technology

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Integrating daylight design & ventilation

Energy Efficient Building in EgyptEnergy Efficient Building in Egypt

Designed by Dr Ahmed Abdin

Misr University for Science and Technology

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Misr University for Science and Technology

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Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

Misr University for Science and Technology

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Misr University for Science and Technology

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• Climatic and green design should constitute the main approach to design.

• Natural and ecologically green friendly building materials should be used along with minimum use of synthetic materials

• The design should consider the building in terms of the integral environmental system.

• The design should incorporate energy efficient systems.

• The main environmental forces should shape the buildings, the orientation and air intakes.

• Data in the composition of the air, soil, radiation, noise and vibration should form elements of the design.

• Maximum reduction of toxic emissions.

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7.Factors to Consider for Green Architecture

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• Facts on the composition of air, soil, radiation and noise and vibration should form elements of the design.

• Use of natural and ecological building materials minimal use of synthetic materials.

• The design should optimize the use of energy and satisfy internal comfort.

• Natural lighting and good colour sense should be employed.

• The building should be insulated from noise and vibration.

• The design should incorporate visual and aesthetic values.

• Fresh air ventilation should be ensured.

• Efficient day lighting should be ensured.

7.Factors to Consider for Green Architecture

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THANK YOU

Egyptian Experience in Green ArchitectureEgyptian Experience in Green Architecture

aabdin@thewayout.net abdinconsult@yahoo.com