11/06/04Supervision and Assessment1 Friday the 11 th of June: Supervision and Assessment 09.00:Cases...

11/06/04 Supervision and Assessment 1

Friday the 11th of June:Supervision and Assessment

09.00: Cases on supervision (LK + LPJ) 11.00: Supervision - strategies and tools (LPJ)12.00: Lunch12.45: Assessment (AK)15.00: Development of action plans – and peer

review of action plans (AK)15.30: Evaluation (AK)

11/06/04 Supervision 2

Role-play• Six role plays illustrate supervising situations

(meetings) • Imagine that your group is working on the project

from yesterday • The group members assign roles between themselves,

so that the outlined situation in the role play occurs • Each role play lasts approximately 15 minutes • Each role play is commented by 4-5

observers

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Supervision – strategies and tools

Lars Peter JensenDepartment of Control Engineering

Fredrik Bajers Vej 7C, DK - 9220 Aalborg EastPhone: + 45 96358740, e-mail: lpj@control.auc.dk

URL: http://www.control.auc.dk/~lpj

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Forms of Supervision • Process supervision• Product supervision• Control Supervision• Laissez-faire Supervision

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Forms of Supervision - 1Process supervision:

• Sees the project as a cognitive process• Facilitates co-operation in the group• Starts reflexive processes• Asks facilitating (reflexive) questions in

stead of pointing out solutions

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Forms of Supervision - 2Product supervision:

• Focus on theoretical knowledge• Focus on solutions, which are often given• Project report must be coherent• The product/construction (or part of)

should be finished

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Forms of Supervision - 3Control Supervision:

• The group is tested• Thinks on the exam• The project period is one long exam• Is interested in the knowledge of the

individual student

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Forms of Supervision - 4Laissez-faire Supervision:

• The students are left to themselves• Lack of engagement• General and occasional comments• Uses minimal time

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Forms of groups - 1

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Forms of groups - 2

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Characteristics for a well functioning group:

• Common goal or objectives• Agreement about group standards• The members ”play” all the necessary

roles• All group members respect each other

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Co-operation: group classification

Integrated Instrumental Hierarchic Chaotic

Role casting All Some Some No

Work sharing All Some Some No

Control/Leadership All Yes Few No

Power Equal Equal ? Unequal No

Personal Engagement High Fair Different Low

Group identity High Low Low Low

Conflict solving Yes No No No

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What might go wrong in the co-operation between supervisor

and group

?

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Different expectations

Students expectations

Study guideobjectives

Supervisors expectations

Project and documentation

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Students opinions on supervision Good Supervision:

• Overview in chaos• Cut through in critical situations• Solutions are not presented by the supervisor• Ask facilitating questions• The group is not controlled by the supervisor but

by the group it self• Supervisor is well prepared and well informed

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Students opinions on supervision Poor Supervision:• Supervisor does not express opinions about

affective questions• Supervisor does not give constructive feed

back/criticism• Lack of interest in the project and/or the students• The supervisor has poor knowledge about the

students’ work and work process• Supervisor takes ownership of the project and

controls the students’ learning process

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Roles of the supervisor – good or poor ?• The group member – discipline oriented

supervision with focus on product – Takes over responsibility for the project work– Very active in choice of theory and methods– Gives answers in stead of asking questions

• The visitor – both discipline and problem oriented supervision with focus on process– Stands on the sideline, ready to kick or withdraw– Points out directions where to seek answers– The students own the project

• The consultant – discipline or problem oriented laissez-fair supervision– Only activated on request– Only answers the questions asked – leave all decisions, planning and control to the group

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Tasks of a supervisor• Before the semester start:

– Prepare project proposals– Plan project courses

• In the beginning of a project:– Help to find appropriate literature– Help establishing contacts with companies ect.– Discussing the project proposal with the students

• During the whole project period:– Commenting both oral and written

presentations/memos/working paper– Continued assessment of the professional level of both

group and individual

• At the end:– Examination

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Tools for supervision

• Learning objectives (Bloom)

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Levels of understanding - Bloom• Knowledge

– memorize

• Comprehension– translation,interpretation

• Application– Use, in new situations

• Analysis – uncover relations between entities

• Synthesis– Building something new of the entities

• Evaluation– Judging

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Tools for supervision

• Learning objectives (Bloom)• Contracts

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Contracts

Why ?• Create common expectations • Secure clear agreements

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ContractsHow?Content could be:

– Form of meetings– how often are you going to have meetings– how long meetings – where– agenda– chair of the meeting– students’ own objectives for the period– supervisors objectives for the period– areas of response to the “working papers” during the period:

• Language, structure, details, methods– external contacts– response to the group process

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Tools for supervision

• Learning objectives (Bloom)• Contracts• Students’ peer assessment

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Students’ peer assessment

• Students in the same group reviewing each others written material

• Students in the same group given small lectures for each other

• Two groups acting as opponents for each other at seminars and exams

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Tools for supervision

• Learning objectives (Bloom)• Contracts• Students’ peer assessment• Process analysis

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Process analysis - content

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Process analysis – example

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Tools for supervision

• Learning objectives (Bloom)• Contracts• Students’ peer assessment• Process analysis • Facilitation

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Facilitation• summarizing• mirroring• asking open-ended questions • use why, how, what, where• dynamic list of question• feedback as rethinking loudly

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Tools for supervision

• Learning objectives (Bloom)• Contracts• Students’ peer assessment• Process analysis • Facilitation• Questioning the team work

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Questioning team work - 1

Put on the students’ agenda when starting the project:

• level of ambitions• how to share the work• discipline of meetings• how to solve conflicts• social relations

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Questioning team work - 2• ask to the way the students organize the work

and discuss the working process• ask to special project functions• discuss objectives for the organizational

aspects• give individual consultations• feel the atmosphere - be present• let the students discuss• try to involve all the students

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A model for Supervision

Present ”Normal”supervision Evaluate a focus with timeout’s

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Project supervision - preparationThe Group (two days in advance) :• What have we accomplished (working papers)• What are we doing right now• Requested supervision• Agenda The Supervisor :• Read the working papers• Reflect upon and formulate questions to

structure and details• Prepare for input to requested supervision

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Project supervision – meetingThe Group :• Chairs the meeting• Takes minutes• Presents the points of the agenda• All participate in the discussionsThe Supervisor :• Facilitates the students’ own reflection by

asking questions • Involves all students in the discussions• Secure reflections on:

– Contracts, working processes, progress, time schedule

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Project supervision – follow upThe Group :• Sends minutes of the meeting to the

supervisor• Discusses and assesses the input from the

supervisor• Revises working papers, time schedule etc.The Supervisor :• Reads the minutes and replies • Follows up on requested tasks

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Lunch until 12.45