100 Gas Laws 100 200 300 400 500 P.E. Diagrams Rate of Reactions Heat Calculations Equilibrium 600

100

Gas Laws

100 100100100

200 200 200200200

300 300 300300300

400 400 400400400

500 500 500500500

P.E. Diagrams Rate of Reactions

Heat Calculations

Equilibrium

600 600 600600600

When does a real gas behave the most like an ideal gas?

High temperature and low pressure

What values are STP?

1 atm and 273K

A sample of Nitrogen gas is at 1 atm of pressure and a volume of 4 liters. What

volume of Helium will have the same number of molecules if pressure and

temperature are kept constant?

4 liters

What happens to pressure when volume increases and temperature stays the same?

Pressure decreases

What happens to volume when temperature is

increased and pressure stays constant?

Volume increases

Consider the following reaction:Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl(s) + H2(g)

Will 5 grams of powdered zinc or a 5 gram cube of zinc react faster?

Powdered zinc

A sample of gas has a volume of 20L and is at STP. If temperature is raised to 300K and pressure is increased to 2 atm, what will the

new volume be?

11 Liters

Which value is labeled A?

P.E. of Reactants

What value is the Activation Energy?

B

What value is the heat of reaction?

C

How does adding a catalyst effect the P.E. of a chemical

reaction?

Activation energy is lowered

What type of reaction is this?

Endothermic

What type of reaction is shown here?

Exothermic

Define equilibrium

When the rate of the forwardReaction equals the rate of theReverse reaction

During equilibrium what is true about the concentration of the

reactants and products?

The concentrations stay constant

What will cause a shift to the right?

8C + 9H2 C8H18

Increasing C, H2, decreasing C8H18

What happens to the following reaction when the

concentration of C is decreased?

C + 2Cl2 CCl4

Shifts to the left

What will increasing pressure do to the following reaction?

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) + energy

Shift right

What will cause a shift to the right?

H2O(s) + heat H2O(l)

Increasing ice, increasing temp, decreasing water

What is the specific heat of water?

4.18 J/g x C

How much heat energy is required to

melt a 10 gram piece of ice?

3340 J

2508 Joules

How much heat energy is required to Raise the temperature of 20 grams ofWater from 20 to 50 degrees Celsius?

Define specific heat

The amount of energy required to raise the

temperature of one gram of a substance by 1 degree

Celsius

How much energy is required to condense 15 grams of water vapor to 15 grams of

liquid water?

33900 Joules

How is temperature different than heat?

Temp is Average Kinetic Energy, Heat is a transfer of thermal energy

What does a catalyst do?

Increases the rate of a reactionBy lowering activation energy

List 3 factors that can increase the rate of a reaction

Increasing temp, pressure, surface area, adding a catalyst,

nature of reactants

Why do ionic compounds react at a faster rate than covalent

compounds?

In ionic bonds, electrons are transferred, not shared, therefore the ions can separate faster and require less energy to break the bonds

Why does increasing pressure increase the rate of a reaction

Increasing pressure pushes molecules closer together,

causing them to move faster and collide more frequently

Explain why increasing temperature causes a reaction to increase

Molecules move faster, increasing collisions

Final Jeopardy

Category:

Vapor Pressure

Explain why people living at high altitudes need to boil food for longer

times ?

Lower atmospheric pressure causesWater to boil at a lower temperature