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Gas Laws
100 100100100
200 200 200200200
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P.E. Diagrams Rate of Reactions
Heat Calculations
Equilibrium
600 600 600600600
When does a real gas behave the most like an ideal gas?
High temperature and low pressure
What values are STP?
1 atm and 273K
A sample of Nitrogen gas is at 1 atm of pressure and a volume of 4 liters. What
volume of Helium will have the same number of molecules if pressure and
temperature are kept constant?
4 liters
What happens to pressure when volume increases and temperature stays the same?
Pressure decreases
What happens to volume when temperature is
increased and pressure stays constant?
Volume increases
Consider the following reaction:Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl(s) + H2(g)
Will 5 grams of powdered zinc or a 5 gram cube of zinc react faster?
Powdered zinc
A sample of gas has a volume of 20L and is at STP. If temperature is raised to 300K and pressure is increased to 2 atm, what will the
new volume be?
11 Liters
Which value is labeled A?
P.E. of Reactants
What value is the Activation Energy?
B
What value is the heat of reaction?
C
How does adding a catalyst effect the P.E. of a chemical
reaction?
Activation energy is lowered
What type of reaction is this?
Endothermic
What type of reaction is shown here?
Exothermic
Define equilibrium
When the rate of the forwardReaction equals the rate of theReverse reaction
During equilibrium what is true about the concentration of the
reactants and products?
The concentrations stay constant
What will cause a shift to the right?
8C + 9H2 C8H18
Increasing C, H2, decreasing C8H18
What happens to the following reaction when the
concentration of C is decreased?
C + 2Cl2 CCl4
Shifts to the left
What will increasing pressure do to the following reaction?
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) + energy
Shift right
What will cause a shift to the right?
H2O(s) + heat H2O(l)
Increasing ice, increasing temp, decreasing water
What is the specific heat of water?
4.18 J/g x C
How much heat energy is required to
melt a 10 gram piece of ice?
3340 J
2508 Joules
How much heat energy is required to Raise the temperature of 20 grams ofWater from 20 to 50 degrees Celsius?
Define specific heat
The amount of energy required to raise the
temperature of one gram of a substance by 1 degree
Celsius
How much energy is required to condense 15 grams of water vapor to 15 grams of
liquid water?
33900 Joules
How is temperature different than heat?
Temp is Average Kinetic Energy, Heat is a transfer of thermal energy
What does a catalyst do?
Increases the rate of a reactionBy lowering activation energy
List 3 factors that can increase the rate of a reaction
Increasing temp, pressure, surface area, adding a catalyst,
nature of reactants
Why do ionic compounds react at a faster rate than covalent
compounds?
In ionic bonds, electrons are transferred, not shared, therefore the ions can separate faster and require less energy to break the bonds
Why does increasing pressure increase the rate of a reaction
Increasing pressure pushes molecules closer together,
causing them to move faster and collide more frequently
Explain why increasing temperature causes a reaction to increase
Molecules move faster, increasing collisions
Final Jeopardy
Category:
Vapor Pressure
Explain why people living at high altitudes need to boil food for longer
times ?
Lower atmospheric pressure causesWater to boil at a lower temperature
