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TTM4142 Networked Multimedia Systems
Multimedia Learning
Panels are based on Chapter 8 of ’Multimedia Applications’ by R Steinmetz and C Nahrstedt
Leif Arne Rønningen
Autumn 2008
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Idealized learning and teaching process
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Multimedia Learning Software can facilitate learning in several ways
• Multicodality– How information is coded
– Video, image, text,,,,,,
• Multimodality– Which senses activated
• Dynamics– Discrete medium
• Still image, text
– Continuous medium• Video, animated graphics
• Interactivity
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Role of Computer as
• Learning object – learning the computer’s technology
• Learning tool – make drawings, make pp, write text
• Learning medium – teaching functions, present info, motivate, control activity and achievements
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Learning Software Programs
• Drill and tutorial programs– Review-exercises and practical applicaiton
• Test software– Test knowledge, e.g., by multiple-shoice
• Tutorial systems – Computer-based training (CBT)– Complete learning system
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Learning Environments
• Animations and simulations
• Problem-solving environments– Action strategies, reasoning, decisions
• Learning games and edutainment
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Learning Theories
• Behaviorism– Classical conditioning, stimulus (input) –> observable behavior (output) unaware of the
cognitive process (Pavlov)– Operant behavior (Skinner)
• Cognitivism– Input – brain cognitive processing – output (Piaget)– Learning programs act as tutors
• Constructivism– Individual construction from experience, of the perspective of the world, – Simulations– Micro Worlds
Table (next slide), Comparison of the three learning theories
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Trends and Current Developments
• Focus on the learners and the learning
• Cooperation with other learners, tutors, teachers and experts
• Flexible and long-life learning
• Learning methods, media preparation of the learning content
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Learning with Hypermedia
• WWW– Hypermedia documents with links, individual choice
– Browsing, individual choice
– Learner is active
– Motivating, increased learning
– Fun, but no learning, overstimulation
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Adaptive Learning Systems• Adapt to user differences, skills, knowledge and preferences,
uses results from artificial intelligence
• Intelligent Tutorial Systems – ITS
– Learner behavior model
– Guide the learner through learning towards a goal
– Didactic component decides teaching principles
• Adaptive Hypermedia Systems – AHS
– Model about objectives, desires and preferences, adapts to the user
– Adaptive hypermedia explorative tools
– May include ITS functions, but is applicable to other than learning
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Intelligent Tutorial Systems - ITS
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Adaptive Hypermedia Systems - AHS
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Other
• Telelearning - learning over a distance (network)
• Computer-supported Cooperative Learning – Learning software, interactivity, limited navigation, not much feedback to
user
– Could be used with videoconferencing or e-mail
– Networked or local
– Individual or group
• eLearning standards– Several organisations
– The meta-data scheme LOM – Learning Object Metadata, XML-based
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Cooperative Learning
• Discuss the pros and cons of the three learning theories, Behaviorism, Cognitivism and Constructivism. What about applying a combination?
• What type of learning system is the ’Thora simulator’?
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