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s.bajaj@sael.co
Circular Economy simplified: Every ending is a new beginning
Oct 23-24, 2019
Sanjeevan BajajFormer CEO, FICCI Quality ForumGuest Faculty, Indian Institute of Management India LCA DB Project Working Group MemberIndependent Director, Sukhbir Agro Energy
s.bajaj@sael.co
s.bajaj@sael.co 1
Published material on Circular Economy is huge
Overview & Introduction
Over 500 events in 2018-19
Over 200 active organizations
Over
10
topi
csAn
y tim
eIn
20
19
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Methods
Research Questions
• What does CE look like in
imagination and in practice?
• Where are the biggest
opportunities to expand CE?
• What barriers impede CE and how
can they be addressed?
• What safeguards are needed to
check unintended consequences?
Methodology
• Content analysis of online material
& discussions at attended events
• Classification of materials in the
Golden Circle – Why, What, How
• ‘Why’ is interpreted as the
motivation to expand CE
• ‘What’ is interpreted as concept &
‘How’ as actions to implement CE
This study sifts material to answer four questions
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Circular Economy in imagination
Results: Concept
Restoration of natural capital
Trillion dollar opportunity
Value creation in waste disposal
Wealth without negative externalities
Resource efficiency no under-utilization
Why
Product reaching EoLreused & value recreated
Value of products and materials is maintained for as long as possible
Resource use & waste minimised
Wha
t
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Circular Economy in action
Results: Implementation
Recover saleable components
from unusable products
Prolong useful life
of products
Recover saleable materials from non-saleable components
Increase use of renewables &
bio-degradables
De-materialize products,
digitize delivery
Restore bio-nutrients
Value CreationIm
pact
Red
uctio
n
How
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Expansion of market for pre-owned, leased, shared, borrowed, exchanged, donated, repaired, refurbished, etc.
Expansion of market for used product components
Design for component modularity
5
Value Creation
Results: Opportunities & Barriers
Expansion of market for secondary materials
Design for disassembly
Recover saleable components from
un-usable products
Prolong useful life
of products
Recover saleable materials from non-
saleable components
Under developed or non-existent
markets
Unfavourable cost + performance combinations
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Mainstreaming of bio-nutrient restoring practices
Bridging of digital divide
Increased availability of digital products and services
Technological feasibility for use of renewable resources and biodegradable materials
De-materialize products & digitize delivery
Restore bio-nutrients
Increase use of renewables &
bio-degradabies
6
Impact Reduction
Results: Opportunities & Barriers
Unmindful trashing behaviour
Limitations of cost & technology
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Recommendations
Value creation
• Push for recycling and recovery without evaluation of net gains
• Burden shifting of final landfilling on last (usually poorest) user
• Uptake of cheap, used products by less-informed communities
• Limitation on technical innovations created by pressure to recycle
Impact reduction
• Economic non-viability of bio-nutrient restoration practices
• Life cycle impacts of increasing digitization: energy use & e-waste
• Burden of waste generated from equipment to harness renewables
• Bio-degradables’ production impacts vs. non-degradable waste
Unintended trade-offs of CE actions to be checked
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To determine which products are better suited for prolonged use vs downcycling/material recovery
To determine which actions deliver net environmental benefits under what conditions
To reduce complexity & cost of recycling while maintaining functional quality of recovered materials
8
CE for net economic + environmental benefit
Conclusion
Product categorization
Life cycle assessments
Technological advancements
s.bajaj@sael.co
THANK YOU
9
End of presentation
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