07p6

GPR Techniques in Asphalt DiagnosticsTimo Saarenketo, PhD

Managing DirectorRoadscanners

Tomi Herronen, MScOffice Chief

Roadscanners

CONSULTING CONSULTING -- SOFTWARE SOFTWARE -- R&D R&D -- ROAD SURVEYS ROAD SURVEYS –– INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS Focus: existing traffic infrastructure management

ROADSCANNERS GROUP 2007ROADSCANNERS GROUP 2007

Roadscanners Oy

RoadscannersSweden Ab

Rovaniemi

TampereBorlänge

Partners & Dealerships:Partners & Dealerships:

DynatestDynatestGeophysical Survey SystemsGeophysical Survey SystemsAdekAdek3d3d--RadarRadarVianovaVianova Roadscanners Exports 2006

24 %1 %

2 %2 %1 %

3 %7 %

6 % SwedenUSACanadaUKLithuaniaNorwayPolandSpainGreeceSouth-AfricaSouth-KoreaIsraelDenmark

Helsinki

Turnover 2006:1.8 M€Consulting 60%Software 16 %Instruments 24 %

Karlsruhe

ROADSCANNERS2007

FORENSIC SURVEYS WITH GPR:FORENSIC SURVEYS WITH GPR:

ASPHALT AND CONCRETE ASPHALT AND CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURVEYS:PAVEMENT SURVEYS:

PAVEMENT DAMAGE PAVEMENT DAMAGE EVALUATIONS:EVALUATIONS:

•• StrippingStripping•• Moisture BarriersMoisture Barriers•• DebondingDebonding•• CrackingCracking•• SegregationSegregation•• Voids Beneath Concrete Voids Beneath Concrete

Pavement JointsPavement Joints•• Concrete Pavement Concrete Pavement

DelaminationDelamination

TH23 WILMAR, MINNESOTATH23 WILMAR, MINNESOTA

DETECTING STRIPPING IN ASPHALT PAVEMENT:DETECTING STRIPPING IN ASPHALT PAVEMENT:CASE TH23 WILMAR, MINNESOTACASE TH23 WILMAR, MINNESOTA

TH 23, WILLMAR, MINNESOTA, USA, SOUTHBOUND LANETH 23, WILLMAR, MINNESOTA, USA, SOUTHBOUND LANE

Asphalt, soundAsphalt, sound

Asphalt with stripping defectsAsphalt with stripping defects

SubgradeSubgrade

DETECTING ASPHALT STRIPPINGDETECTING ASPHALT STRIPPING

GPR IN DETECTING STRIPPING:Case: Killimster Moss, Caithness, Scotland

Motorway A2Ladek Toll Plaza - Modla

Dielectric values

Dielectric values:Blue – High values – MoistRed – Low values – Dry

Surface reflection0 – 35mm

Layer 240 – 80mm

209+100 210+000

215+000

220+000

225+000

230+000

235+000238+200

209+100 210+000215+000

220+000

225+000

230+000

235+000238+200

Wr-La South - Deformation

Chloride Related Problems: E4 Chloride Related Problems: E4 –– Vid HVid Hööga Kusten; Sweden 1998ga Kusten; Sweden 1998

Chloride Related ProblemsChloride Related ProblemsKemiKemi –– Tornio Tornio Motorway 2001Motorway 2001--20022002

Frozen and thawed drill cores Frozen and thawed drill cores

FWD Data: fall 2001, spring 2002

2500 3500 4500 5500 6500 7500 8500 9500 10500 11500 12500 13500 14500 15500 16500 17500 18500 19500

To_Ke_E1_2002To_Ke_E1_2001

Syksy 2001: ka 3167 MPa

Kevät 2002: ka 1717 MPa

ABK + BST ABK + BST moduulitmoduulit 2001 2001 jaja 2002 2002 --SuuntaSuunta TornioTornio –– KemiKemi, , oikeaoikea kaistakaista

((LaskettuLaskettu Road Doctor Road Doctor –– ElmodElmod 4.5 4.5 OhjelmistollaOhjelmistolla))

Asfalttiliitto ryPäällystekurssit 2003

GPR DATA ANALYSIS OPTIONS IN ASPHALT FORENSICSGPR DATA ANALYSIS OPTIONS IN ASPHALT FORENSICS

Integrated Analysis of GPR, FWD and Drill CoresIntegrated Analysis of GPR, FWD and Drill Cores

Calculating BC paramameters and Risk AnalysisCalculating BC paramameters and Risk AnalysisCASE B871 CASE B871 –– Kinbrace to SyreKinbrace to Syre

GPR dataGPR data

Pavement thickness (mm)Pavement thickness (mm)

FWD FWD deflecionsdeflecions

urauraBC ClassBC Classstrainstrainsubgr modulisubgr moduliR300 defl radiusR300 defl radius

DistressDistress

Ant. heights.Ant. heights.

Er valueEr value

Risk classRisk class

Swedish Bearing Capacity Indexes: Strain in Asphalt Bottom (microstrain) - HW 6 Lappeenranta

Swedish Bearing Capacity Indexes: Deflection radius R300 (mm) - HW 6 Lappeenranta

1.5 GHz GPR data1.5 GHz GPR dataAsphaltAsphaltBound BaseBound Base

Unbound BaseUnbound Base

Sub BaseSub Base

SubgradeSubgrade

Surface dielectrics measured by 1.0 GHz Horn antenna Surface dielectrics measured by 1.0 GHz Horn antenna

DIELECTRIC VALUE DEVIATION OF ASPHALT SURFACE DIELECTRIC VALUE DEVIATION OF ASPHALT SURFACE (defects close to surface)(defects close to surface)

Right lane

Left lane

Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6

Heavy trucks use left lane Heavy trucks use left lane –– higher distress level higher distress level –– higher higher asphalt dielectric deviationasphalt dielectric deviation

DIELECTRIC VALUE DEVIATION OF ASPHALT SURFACE DIELECTRIC VALUE DEVIATION OF ASPHALT SURFACE

Roadscanner 2007

seaside

Upper dike

DIELECTRIC VALUE DEVIATION OF ASPHALT SURFACE DIELECTRIC VALUE DEVIATION OF ASPHALT SURFACE Case FrieslandCase Friesland

AMPLITUDE ANALYSIS AND TIME SLICE DISPLAYAMPLITUDE ANALYSIS AND TIME SLICE DISPLAY

Wr-La South - Cracks

Attenuation Analysis

Attenuation 3 ns

Attenuation 6 ns

1.0 Ghz Horn antenna data, channel 1

0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3

frequency (GHz)

#14 Tohmo Granite , K´´-dry#14 Tohmo Granite , K´´-ads#6 Limestone K´´-dry

#6 Limestone K´´-ads

#2 Gran/Bas K´´-dry

#2 Gran/Bas K´´-ads

0 1 2 3frequency (GHz)

#14 Tohmo Granite , K´-dry#14 Tohmo Granite , K´-ads#6 Limestone K´-dry

#6 Limestone K´-ads

#2 Gran/Bas K´-dry

#2 Gran/Bas K´-ads

0,000 1,000 2,000 3,000

frequency (GHz)

K'-fresh K'-10h agedK'-15h aged

Analysing Frequency Response in Asphalt

Roadscanner 2007

Analysing Frequency Response in Asphalt

GPR profile from center line

Thickness interpretation from center line

Surface map of ballast thickness (blue 0-5ft red ) from all 3 passes

Surface map of ballast fouling index (blue 0 - 45 red ) from all 3 passes

Ballast fouling index curve average from 3 passes (left, center, right)

Fouling index classification 0=0-10, 1=10 to <20, 2=20 to <40, 3= >40 + Comments

ROADSCANNERS RAILWAY ANALYSIS OUTPUT EXAMPLE

High Frequency Ground Coupled Data AnalysisHigh Frequency Ground Coupled Data Analysis

SubgradeSubgrade

High Frequency Ground Coupled Data AnalysisHigh Frequency Ground Coupled Data Analysis

Ensuring that Base Course is Ok

Monitoring moisture: Dielectric value in base course surface - HW 6 Lappeenranta

Roadscanner 2007

Integrated GPR + Digital and Thermal Camera Analysis

3D GPR technique3D GPR technique

Roadscanner 2007

Segregation on top asphalt layer

3d Radar Tests on Airports3d Radar Tests on Airports

Roadscanner 2007

3d radar Pavement Distress Diagnosis

Cracks in second overlay

level 80 mm

level 130 mm

Severe pavement distress in 3rd layer

3200 3300

Bottom/sea

Time slice:10 cm depth (Er=7)

Longitudinal profile Cross section

Asphalt bottom

Bottom/sea

Time slice:10 cm depth (Er=7)

Longitudinal profile Cross section

Asphalt bottom

Thank You!Thank You!

07p6

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