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MICROCONTROLLER BASED DIGITAL VISITOR
COUNTER
A technical seminar report submitted to JNTUH in the partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
By
K. VAMSHI - 12631A04A6
Under the esteemed guidance of
S. NAGESWARA RAO M.Tech, (Ph.D)
Associate Professor in ECE Dept.
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
SRI VENKATESWARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(SPONSORED BY THE EXHIBITION SOCIETY, HYD)
(Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, HYD)
SURYAPET, NALGONDA (Dist.), T.S.
2015 - 2016.
i
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
SRI VENKATESWARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SURYAPET-508213
CERTIFICATE
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the technical seminar entitled
“MICROCONTROLLER BASED DIGITAL VISITOR COUNTER” is the bonafide
work done by K. VAMSHI (12631A04A6) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
award of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY in Electronics and Communication
Engineering by J.N.T.University, Hyderabad during the academic year 2015-2016.
Guide Head of the
Department
S. NAGESWARA RAO, T. SRINIVAS,
Asst. Professor. Asst. Professor.
External Examiner Principal
ii
DECLARATION
I am K. VAMSHI student of B.TECH. In ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING of Sri Venkateswara Engineering College, Suryapet,
bearing H.T. No 12631A04A6 by declare that the technical seminar with title
“MICROCONTROLLER BASED DIGITAL VISITOR COUNTER” is the original
work done by me.
To the best of my knowledge and belief me here by declare that this seminar bears no
resemblance to any other seminar submitted at Sri Venkateswara Engineering College,
Suryapet or any other college affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University,
Hyderabad for the award of the degree.
Place:
Date:
Signature of the candidate
K. VAMSHI (12631A04A6).
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I thank the almighty for giving me the courage and perseverance in completing this
seminar. This seminar itself is an acknowledgement for all those people who given this
seminar a success.
I am thankful to Dr. A. SRUJANA, Principal S.V.E.C. for providing excellent
facilities, motivation and encouragement to complete the seminar work in time.
It is my privilege to thank Mr. T. SRINIVAS, Asst. Prof. I/C HOD of ECE
Department for his encouragement during the progress of this seminar work.
I take this opportunity to express our deep and sincere gratitude to the seminar guide
Mr. S. NAGESWARA RAO, Asst. Prof. for the valuable advices at every stage of this work.
Without his supervision and valuable guidance we never have come out in this form.
Last but not least I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude and earnest
thanks giving to my parents for their moral support and heartfelt cooperation in completing
this seminar. I would also like to thank all the teaching and non-teaching staff and my friends
whose direct or indirect has helped me to complete this work successfully.
Seminar associate
K. VAMSHI - 12631A04A6
iv
MICROCONTROLLER BASED DIGITAL VISITOR
COUNTER
ABSTRACT :
Digital visitor counter is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of counting number
of Persons/ Visitors in the Room very accurately. When somebody enters into the Room then
the Counter is Incremented by one. The total number of Persons inside the Room is
displayed on the seven segment display module. The microcontroller does the above job it
receives the signals from the sensors, and this signals operated under the control of software
which is stored in ROM.
This seminar we will create counter system for apply. The total number of object is
displayed on the seven segment display. The system is fully controlled by the 16 bit
microcontroller AT89C2051 which has a 4Kbytes of ROM for the program memory.
v
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE NO.
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. DESCRIPTION 2-14
2.1. Block Diagram 2
2.2. Circuit Diagram 3
2.3. Microcontroller AT89C2051 4
2.4. IR Sensor 9
2.5. Timer IC(555) 11
2.6. Seven Segment Display 13
3. POWER SUPPLY 15-23
3.1. Transformer 15
3.2. Rectifier 20
3.3. Filter 22
3.4. Regulator 22
4. APPLICATIONS 24
5. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES 25
6. FUTURE SCOPE 26
7. CONCLUSION 27
8. BIBLIOGRAPHY 28
vi
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES
FIGURES: PAGE NO.
2.1: Block Diagram 2
2.2: Circuit Diagram 3
2.3: Block diagram of AT89C2051 5
2.4: Pin Configuration of AT89C2051 6
2.5: IR Sensor 9
2.6: Pin Diagram of Timer IC 11
2.7: Monostable Circuit 12
2.8: Astable Mode 13
2.9: Seven Segment Display 14
3.1: Transformer Symbol 15
3.2. Transformer 16
3.3. Basic Principle of Transformer 16
3.4. Basic Transformer 17
vii
3.5. Step-Down Transformer 19
3.6. Step-Up Transformer 19
3.7. Bridge Rectifier 20
3.8. Positive Half Cycle of Bridge Rectifier 21
3.9. Negative Half Cycle of Bridge Rectifier 21
3.10. Charging and Discharging of a Capacitor 22
3.11. Voltage Regulator 23
TABLES
2.1: Special features of AT89C2051 serve by Port 3 7
viii
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