Vertical housing

CULTURAL CONSIDERATION IN VERTICAL LIVING IN BRUNEI

DARUSSALAM

PRESENTERS

1. Mohd Hafidz Bin Haji Hassan / 09b12262. Siti Liyana Binti Abdul Rahim / 09b10413. Hjh Khairah Siregar bte Hj Hairudin /

09B11194. Nor Azeerah Bte Jasseri / 09b12005. Ak Hj Ahmad Adib Bin Pg Hj Aji / 09b11686. Ak Md Syahir Fadillah bin Pg Salleh / 09b10077. Md Amalul Ariffin Bin Abd Azis 09b12578. Ak Abdul Malek Bin Pg Bidin 09b1254

The research team consists of 5 respective

lecturers from Geography and development

and Environmental Studies Programme,

University Brunei Darusalam :

1. DK Noor Hasharina Bte Pg Hj Hassan (Mentor)

2. Gabriel Yong (coordinator)

3. Izni Azrein Noor Azalie

4. Khairunnisa Ibrahim

5. Dr. Hjh Hairuni Hj Ali Maricar

OUTLINE

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Other Primary Data

Recommendations and conclusion

INTRODUCTION What the project is all about and why it is

important?

It is focusing in vertical living in Brunei Darussalam

along with practicing sustainable consumption.

It is also view on how we can sustain the energy and to

preserve it for the future generation’s use.

Increasing sustainable consumption as well as help

promote Bandar Seri Begawan to become a more

sustainable city.

Sustainable consumption – green house building.

Why green house building?

1. To save energy and resources, recycle materials

and minimize the emission of toxic substances

throughout its life cycle.

2. Harmonize with the local climate, traditions,

culture and the surrounding environment

3. To sustain and improve the quality of human life

whilst maintaining the capacity of the ecosystem

at local and global levels.

4. Make efficient use of resources have significant

operational savings and increases workplace

productivity.

5. Sends the right message about a company or

organization- well run, responsible and

committed to the future.

Why it is important?

To examine the trend and Brunei demand for

the type of housing they want and propose a

site for vertical housing projects that are

essential to the development of the property

OBJECTIVES

To identify a typology of consumption in Brunei society and their characteristics

To examine the views/perceptions and misunderstandings in relation to sustainable consumption among community samples of Brunei society.

To respond the question of whether people of Brunei are ready for sustainable consumption based on data analysis.

AIMS & HYPOTHESIS

To argue that the perceptive and approval of the Bruneian’s lifestyle, social and cultural proxemics are really important for urban planners to consider.

Hypothesis – Bruneian agree with vertical housing in

the future as their housing scheme only if the requirements of the cultural space in high rise buildings are fulfilled

WHEN WE STARTED AND UNTIL WHEN?

This project took about 2 months,

which started from September to

November to complete and the

research schedule includes:

TIME ACTIVITIES

a week before Divided tasks to contact the architects of Brunei

September 24th ,2011

September 28th, 2011

Went to meet architect Berjaya.

1st conference with supervisor (for half an hour )

October 1st, 20111st Meeting with the architects Mr Wong (1 hour) and Mr

Halimuddin (10-15 minutes)

October 3rd, 20112nd Meeting with architects Wong (15-30minutes) and went to Kg

Manggis but to no avail

October 5th, 2011

Meeting with Dr Rina with regards to our findings

(approximately 15-30 minutes) and then we discussed among

ourselves about the architects.

October 6th, 2011 Survey questionnaires is released via email (English Version)

October 8th, 2011 Survey questionnaires is released in (Malay Version)

October 13th, 2011 Distribute questionnaires to the Mall (2 hours )

October 15th, 2011 Meeting with Sir Gabriel, Dr Hairuni, Dr Hasharina, Dr

Khairunnisa with regards to the Project's result (1 hour)

October 24th, 2011Met Dr Rina and Gabriel & then off to Beribi Flat area and

rural areas.

Distributed the questionnaires to public at The Mall Gadong

Went to Tutong areas Kpg Bang Dalam

October 26th, 2011 Distribute questionnaires to remote / rural areas in Tutong

October 27th, 2011

Consult supervisor at 12 (less than an hour) and then and then

Sir Gabriel taught 3 of the group members how to key the result

data into the excel. We divided task about our findings and do

the skeleton to e-mail them to Dr Rina.

November 12th, 2011 – 20th

Data analysis done and start to writing up report

METHODOLOGY

HAFIDZ

METHODOLOGY

1) ARCHITECTS - By Telephone - Went to their offices - Direct Meeting without an appointment

2) ONLINE SURVEY3) Distributing questionnaire to

public. (fieldwork)

1) ARCHITECT On 15th Sept, 2011, we started to call them (referred

from yellow pages) Approaching directly to their offices.

-> 1st Attempt was on the 25th Sept (Arkitek Ibrahim & berjaya,)

-> 2nd Attempt was on the 29th Sept,

-> 3rd Attempt was On the 1st Oct,2011 we received immediate respond & meeting with:

a) Rekarya (Gadong)

b) Berjaya (Tungku link)

1st MEETING (1st Oct)

2ND MEETING (3rd Oct)

Advantages: By making a call, we know which architects have

this kind of project (green house and building) By approaching the architects, we manage to

get direct information regarding green living.

Disadvantages: Unreliable information (telephone) Some of the companies promised to give a call

and email for appointment - no response.

How we solved?We decided to go and see them directly to their

offices.

2) ONLINE SURVEY

Conducting questionnaire via survey monkey (internet).

First, in English version. (6-10-2011)

Then, In Malay version. (8-10-2011)

ADVANTAGES: Convenient for the respondent to

answer the survey (email and link given) – (time)

Data from respondents are automatically recorded into the system

DISADVANTAGES: Not all respondents have internet

access It is difficult to know whether the

respondents understand with the questions given.

3) FIELDWORK

One of our ways to increase the respondent, we made 200 copies of the Malay questionnaires. (easy to print)

Target Places in distributing questionnaires:- MALL- RURAL AREAS- FLAT RESIDENCE

VENUE:

MALL (Why???) - Distributing questionnaires especially

to low income people. - We believe that they are a kind of

people who hope for government house schemes.

Most of them are cashiers, sales assistants and cleaners (local)

Fieldwork at Mall Gadong13-10-1112-2 pm

Rural Areas : 1) Bukit Bang Dalam, Tutong On 24-10-11 at 3- 5pm

RURAL AREAS

Tutong Area: Tanjung Maya, Lamunin, Layong: 26/10/2011, 6-9pm

FLAT RESIDENCE1) BERIBI AREAS: 24/10/2011, 10-12PM

2) FLAT IN TUTONG TOWN (MOH FLAT)PICTURE~ 26/10/2011, 5-6PM.

The advantages and the disadvantages in our

fieldwork: In distributing the questionnaire, we

managed to get direct response from the people

Received an opinions & recommendations about vertical housing

Time consuming (because we have to go and see them)

Some respondents reluctant to answer the questionnaire.

RESULTSLIYANA & ADIB

Results From Phone Call (Architects)

Arkitek Ibrahim - Available

Arkitek Aziz - Available

Arkitek Berjaya - Available

Arkitek opfis – Available

Arkitek idris – Available

Arkitek Rekajaya – Available

Arkitek Berjaya - Available

OWMP INTERNATIONAL- Available

PDO CHARTERED ARCHITECTS-AVAILABLE

Suria YTF - In process

Arkitek alamreka - Design for the government buildings only

Arkitek haza,- Design for Government especially mosques

Arkitek Ghani – Outstation

SERI SEZAMAN- No respond

“KANA TUTUPI TELEPON BUIIII.... HAHAHA”

Rekarya- Not Available

Gemilang Latif – Architect on leave, recommended to send an email but no response

Asareka akitek - Recommended to send an email but no response

Category Description

Newly Employed Cosmopolite strongly influenced by globalization; wide range of habitat

preferences; quality of life, connectivity important, aware of sustainability

issues.

Mid-High Income

Professional

Eco-modern and educated; preference for innovative design and use of

technology to improve quality of life, protect environment, and support family

and harmony with neighbours.

Low-Middle Income

Employee

Supporting skilled/semi-skilled workers; functional spaces and cultural

traditions important.

Low Income

Employee

Supporting semi-skilled/unskilled workers; functional design; cultural practices

important.

Self-Employed Business owners, entrepreneurs, free-lance specialists; wide exposure to

global forces and hence, products and services, style and designs in the

market; wide range of space needs.

Retiring Age 50’s; with or without savings; functional; modern technology (not ICT);

concern about the environment.

Retired Age 60’s; with or without savings; culture important; basic functional spaces.

About to Enter

Workforce

Cosmopolites; generally lack sense of reality; provide glimpse into wish lists of

dream homes31

Categories of prospective vertical housing owners

CULTURAL ARCHITECTURE TYPOLOGY (FOR BRUNEI)

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MODERNISATIONMODERNISATION

TRADITIONAL

INDEPENDENT AND PRIVACY

SYMBOLICAL

FUNCTIONAL

COMMUNITY AND COMMUNAL SPACES

Traditional Malay

Low-rural income

Migrant

Professionals

Cosmopolites

Students

Newly-employed

Retired/ retiring with good savings

Retired/ retiring with less savings

Migrant

Self-employed

(high income)

Self-employed

(least income)

TECHNOLOGICAL

NATURAL

SURVEY

33

The Survey Result will focus on the building preferences :

(=(b) = (c))

Survey questionnaire:

BUILDING PREFERENCES

Types of high rise low-cost, open, nature, green, smart, condo, flats

Priority spaces & features shower, bath-tub, toilet master, toilet room, living room, dining room, wet/dry kitchen, kitchen, bed rooms, master bedroom, garden, store, parking, work room, study, recreation, spa

Design priorities (vertical homes

conveniences, recreation facility, energy efficient, effective management, common spaces, community, friendly, same religion, same culture, practise culture, security, clean environment, good view

6. SURVEY DATA

Community Overall Percentage Division

Newly employed 14.9% 82.6% young adults

17.4% matured

Professionals 19.4% 51.7% matured

43.3% young

Low-medium income employees

14.6% young (40.0%),

matured (48.9%)

Low income employees 10.4% 62.5% young,

25.0% matured

12.5% retiring

• Self-employed• Retiring• Retired

2.3%

1.9%

2.9%

About to enter workforce” (mainly students

32.7%

• Urbanites

• Rural

• Did not indicate (difficult to decide what is

urban/ rural in Brunei)

31.2%

12.9%

60%

34

SURVEY RESULTS: HIGH RISE DESIGNSTYPOLOGY – MID-HIGH INCOME PROFESSIONALS / ECOMODERNIST

35

Expected: preference for green tech & designs, nature, open concept, modern amenities

Data shows that while this is generally true, preference is more moderate than strong

Dislike standard flat designs and low cost high rise

SURVEY RESULTS: PRIORITY SPACES & FEATURESTYPOLOGY – MID-HIGH INCOME PROFESSIONALS / ECOMODERNIST

36

Expected: Consumption pattern influence by global trends for quality living.

Data shows:• Master bedroom

with en suite toilet, kitchen, living room to be high priority spaces

• Large baths with bath-tub, en suite toilets for individual rooms not a priority

SURVEY RESULTS: PRIORITY SPACES & FEATURESTYPOLOGY – MID-HIGH INCOME PROFESSIONALS / ECOMODERNIST

37

Expected: Consumption pattern influence by global trends for quality living.

Data shows:• Parking & storage

spaces important• Spa & recreation

spaces not a priority (not as expected)

• A quarter indicated garden, work room or study to be low priority

• (not expected)

SURVEY RESULTS: DESIGN PRIORITIESTYPOLOGY – MID-HIGH INCOME PROFESSIONALS / ECOMODERNIST

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Expected: Design priorities should follow global trends for quality living & environmental concerns

Data shows:• Health, safety, effective

management & energy efficiency to be very important

• Living with people of same religion not so important for half respondent; important to the other half (important to note)

SURVEY RESULTS: HIGH RISE DESIGNSTYPOLOGY – LOW-INCOME EMPLOYEE / FUNCTIONAL/ LOCALISED/ LOW TECH?

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Expected: influenced mainly by functional designs and local situations

Data shows (as expected):• Higher preferences for

low-cost, modern condo and open concept design

• More than 60%, they dislike or weakly like flats & smart buildings

• 20-30% have low preference for green, smart, modern or open concept buildings

SURVEY RESULTS: PRIORITY SPACES & FEATURESTYPOLOGY – LOW-INCOME EMPLOYEE / FUNCTIONAL/ LOCALISED/ LOW TECH?

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Expected: influenced mainly by functional designs and local situations

Data shows (as expected):• Master bedrooms very

important to >80%, • Individual bedrooms

priority is moderate to high priority

• Kitchen most important• Other high priority: living

& dining room• Interesting, more prefer

large bath rooms with tubs to functional showers (unexpected)

SURVEY RESULTS: PRIORITY SPACES & FEATURESTYPOLOGY – LOW-INCOME EMPLOYEE / FUNCTIONAL/ LOCALISED/ LOW TECH?

41

Expected: influenced mainly by functional designs and local situations

Data shows:• Parking spaces, store,

work room & study important spaces

• Garden – most quite important

• 40%, place low priorities/ not important in Recreation & spa

• 60%, shows moderate priority in recreation & spa (unexpected)

SURVEY RESULTS: DESIGN PRIORITIESTYPOLOGY – LOW-INCOME EMPLOYEE / FUNCTIONAL/ LOCALISED/ LOW TECH?

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Expected: influenced mainly by functional designs and local situations

Data shows (as expected):• Security & clean envt

important to all• Common spaces to

practice culture, building community with friendly neighbours quite high priority

• 40% said same religion/ culture & conveniences not so important

• However, 60% of the respondents said that they are quite important about this (to be noted)

SURVEY RESULTS: HIGH RISE DESIGNSTYPOLOGY –URBAN VS RURAL

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• Most of the respondents from urban &rural dislike for flat and low cost blocks

• Urbanites show slight preference for green building (tech) than buildings integrated with nature;

• In contrast, rural is the opposite

SURVEY RESULTS: PRIORITY SPACES & FEATURESTYPOLOGY – URBAN VS RURAL

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• More urbanites gave low priority to large baths with bath-tubs than rural

• More rural than urban gave low priority to functional baths with shower

• Master bedroom with toilet (En suite) more important to urbanites

SURVEY RESULTS: PRIORITY SPACES & FEATURESTYPOLOGY –URBAN VS RURAL

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• Work room and study less important to rural than urban respondents

• Recreation spaces low priority for rural more so than urban• While for rural group they likely to have for spas than

recreation spaces

SURVEY RESULTS: DESIGN PRIORITIESTYPOLOGY – BRUNEIAN URBANITIES & RURAL GROUP

46

• Rural group places greater priority on energy efficiency than urbanites

• Common spaces also more important for rural group• Both place high priority on ability to practice culture, form

community with friend or neighbours• More rural than urban said religion not important ; but also great

proportion said it’s very important to live with people of same religion

OTHER PRIMARY DATAAMALUL & KHAIRAH

WHAT ARE THE PRINCIPLES OF GREEN BUILDINGS/HOMES?

Siting

Siting and orientation based on micro- and macro- climatic conditions to maximize energy efficiency

Design and construction that involves the least possible disruption to the site.

Arrangement in randomly could ensures that wind velocity in the building in the latter path is not being distracted.

POSITIONING THE HOME

Source: Mr Wong (Fieldwork 2011)

Energy Efficiency

Install high-efficiency lighting systems with advanced lighting controls. Include motion sensors tied to dimmable lighting controls.

Minimizing the size of windows from sun direction side – to control the amount of hot sun entering your house.

Materials Efficiency

Select sustainable construction materials and products by evaluating several characteristics such as reused and recycled content.

Design with adequate space to facilitate recycling collection

Water Efficiency

Collect rainwater and store in large tanks.

1. To use for irrigate gardens/landscaping.2. For toilet flushing or a gray water

system

Use for recirculation systems for centralised hot water distribution

FIGURE 4: THE DIAGRAM SHOWING HOW WATER HARVESTING WORKS.

SOURCE: FIELDWORK 2011 , PRIMARY DATA (MR WONG)

ARCHITECT HALIMUDDIN (PRIMARY DATA)

Brunei is very green already. Green concept is only available to developed countries

Such design, reliable but not suitable to our culture in Brunei.

We are considered as green-culture. We are not living city life just like in Singapore. Our culture is environment. We do not need much.

In terms of saving energy. He suggested the as same as Mr Wong does. Such as the material and electronic.

We use Singapore Standard, For example in terms of collecting water for recycle.

Use landfill in order to extend land in case of lacking space.

Vertical House ; planning is still the same. For example in terms of siting and orientation of the building.

RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION

SYAHIR & MALEK

RECOMMENDATION Our recommendation for this project Continue the projectHow? Get more survey is better Need to cover all district Get more people to carry on this projectImprove more on: Exposure on this project through media Awareness society Education

Provide transportation Observe the demands of Bruneian in

order to approach their needs. Convince the architect to cooperate Improve the questionnaire Focused more on experience people

who live in flats Improve the skill to approach people

CONCLUSION

Most of people prefer for kitchen, living room, dining room, master bedroom and parking space.

Not all of the architects were helpful. Most of the Bruneian do not really need

green concept for their housing design. Overall, we agree to implement and put

into practice the vertical housing scheme in our country