Rijkswaterstaat Feb 6 2009

Implementing C2C

“When in doubt, go back to first principles”

Optimal Sustainability

©2006, McDonough Braungart Design Chemistry

Eco-efficient Design

Flight Path

Eco-effective Design

Design Challenge

TimePresent

Share

hold

er

Valu

e

Future

1 Insist on the right of humanity and nature to

co-exist

2 Recognize interdependence

3 Respect relationships between spirit and

matter

4 Accept responsibility for the consequence of

design

5 Create safe objects of long-term value

6 Eliminate the concept of waste

7 Rely on natural energy flows

8 Understand the limitations of design

9 Seek constant improvement by sharing

knowledge

Use current solar income

“…powered by clean and renewable energy…”

Celebrate diversity

“Become native to place…”

Waste = Food

“…employs manufacturing, distribution, and recovery systems that allow those material inputs to be put back into productive use…”

Waste = Food

“…uses material inputs that have positive effects on people and the environment…”

Biological Metabolism

Technical Metabolism

Human Health Criteria

Priority Criteria

• Carcinogenicity*

• Disruption of Endocrine System*

• Mutagenicity*

• Reproductive Toxicity*

• Teratogenicity*

* Known or suspected in humans and/or animals

Additional Criteria

• Acute Toxicity

• Chronic Toxicity

• Irritation of Skin/Mucous Membranes

• Sensitization

• Other (e.g., skin penetration potential; flammability)

Environmental Health Criteria

• Aquatic toxicity– Fish toxicity– Daphnia toxicity– Algae toxicity

• Bioaccumulation (BCF, log Kow)• Climatic Relevance/Ozone Depletion Potential• Content of Halogenated Organic Compounds • Persistence/Biodegradation• Toxic Heavy Metal Content• Other (e.g., Water Danger Score; Toxicity to Soil

Organisms)

Cradle to Cradle Certification Criteria

1.0 Materials

2.0 Material Reutilization/DfE

3.0 Energy

4.0 Water

5.0 Social Responsibility

Cradle to CradleProduct

• Silver• Gold• Platinum

S

G

P

• Is it a biological or technical nutrient?

• Are materials recyclable/compostable?

• Do you have reverse logistics?

• Does your energy come from renewable sources?

• Is your water drinkable?

• Are you practicing social fairness?

• Is it a biological or technical nutrient?

• Are materials recyclable/compostable?

• Do you have reverse logistics?

• Does your energy come from renewable sources?

• Is your water drinkable?

• Are you practicing social fairness?

Imagine a cradle to cradle building…

04/12/23 24

Solar oriented, solar powered

Safe materials inclosed-loop cycles

Treats water as precious resource: capture and reuse

Healthy workplace that promotes community, connectivity

Abundant daylight and fresh air

Anticipatory design: adapts and evolves over time

Is native to its place

Best Practices: LEED

Site

Water

Energy

Materials

IEQ

Strategies

Best Practices: LEED

Site

Water

Energy

Materials

IEQ

Strategies

Owner

Mission

Project Principles

Beyond Best Practices: Eco-effective Design

Project Goals

Project Principles

Beyond Best Practices: Eco-effective Design

Owner

Mission

Site

Water

Energy

Materials

IEQ

Project Goals

Project Principles

Beyond Best Practices: Eco-effective Design

Owner

Mission

Strategies

Opportunity Matrix framework

focus on patient / exam rooms

identifying key materials

Ultimate Goal:

Restore site and regional ecosystems.

EXAMPLES | TREASURE ISLAND

Characteristics of a sustaining

city:

• Carbon neutral

• Regenerates water flows

• Eliminates concept of waste

• Fosters health + well-being

• Creates and supports vibrant habitats

• Becomes an international model of sustaining mobility systems

WM+P Scope:

• Articulate the 100% good vision for a “world-class” sustaining city

• Evaluate design team proposals against this vision of 100% good

TREASURE ISLAND

Proposed Strategies

Lev

els

of

Ach

ieve

men

t

Level 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy demands are reduced through good energy-efficient choices within a conventional model, made on a case-by-case basis (e.g., using ENERGY STAR products, increasing the performance of individual building envelopes).

Level 2: Preferential Energy SourcingA development-wide strategy for reducing energy use is adopted. The use of high-impact electricity sources is reduced by giving preference to less-bad energy sources, purchasing green power, if feasible, or meeting a portion of energy demand through on-site renewable power.

Level 3: Energy Integration and CarbonAssessment

An integrated, site-wide energy protocol is used to identify synergies. From source to use, all energy flows are documented for carbon content. To extent feasible, renewable energy sources are used.

End Goal: Treasure Island is a carbonneutral community.

All energy needs are met through renewable sources and all future development accounts for the generation of renewable power as part of its design. The embodied energy of the project’s construction is partially offset using carbon sequestration strategies.

04/12/23 64

Cradle to Cradle Design PhilosophyDesign of the built environment in ways that eliminate waste.Understand cities and regions as living organisms with dynamic

metabolisms.

Photosynthesis Design surfaces that use the sun’s energy to produce either clean power or sequester carbon.

Generative landscapesCreate vibrant and diverse ecosystems that reinforce the natural cycles.

ConnectivityCreate sense of community and evidence our interdependence with the natural world

InterdependencyUse metabolisms of mass, water and energy to recapture nutrients

ECO-EFFECTIVE DESIGN AGENDA for buildings and communities

FORD ROUGE CENTER

“We are committed

to transforming an

icon of 20th century

industrialism into a

model of 21st

century

sustainability.”– William Clay Ford, Jr. CEO & Chairman Ford Motor Company

FORD ROUGE CENTER

EXAMPLES | FORD ROUGE CONCEPT FRAMEWORK

Quality Environment. Become tools of nature, creating conditions that allow her to restore the air, soil, water, and habitat.

Quality Production. Embrace Ford’s heritage of innovation and business strength through design for a sustainable and prosperous future.

Quality Workplace. Honor people and create and foster a workplace in which all are allowed to flourish.

Quality Citizenship. Honor the people and communities of which the Rouge is a part and to which it will contribute.

EXAMPLES | FORD ROUGE CONCEPT FRAMEWORK

Quality Environment

Soil

Water

Air

Habitat

Industrial Landscape

Quality Corporate Citizenship

Architectural History

Automotive Heritage

Quality Workplace

Daylighting

Healthy Workplace

Employee Support

Transportation

Quality Production

Industrial Buildings

Material Flow

Quality Environment. Become tools of nature, creating conditions that allow her to restore the air, soil, water, and habitat.

Target Area: Water

Goals: Treat water as a precious resource by reusing it to the maximum extent possible.

Release to the ecosystem only water that is clean, healthy, and ready for reuse.

EXAMPLES | FORD ROUGE CONCEPT FRAMEWORK

Target Area: Water

Goals: Treat water as a precious resource by reusing it to the maximum extent possible.

Release to the ecosystem only water that is clean, healthy, and ready for reuse.

Strategies: Storm Water FiltrationGreen Roofs, Creek RestorationHeat RecoveryGrey Water

EXAMPLES | FORD ROUGE CONCEPT FRAMEWORK

FORD ROUGE CENTER

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

Hedgerows and Vegetated Drainage Swales

FORD ROUGE CENTER storm water strategies

Trees

Shrubs

Ground cover

FORD ROUGE CENTER ecological infrastructure

Cost of Conventional System $50,000,000

Includes costs for meeting regulatory requirements,

which dictated the construction of an onsite treatment plant

for dealing with large storm water events

Cost of Installed System$15,000,000

All storm water is cleaned through natural filters,

eliminating the need for regulatory requirements

Savings $35,000,000Calculated from straight costs alone and does

not account for energy and operational savings

FORD ROUGE CENTER business case

HALI’IMAILE an altered landscape, ecology and society

Cradle to Cradle Design

create a model for environmentally sustainable coastal communities

Traditional Neighborhood Design

create villages and neighborhoods that foster community and pedestrianability

Affordability

address both capital and operational costs of living

Cultural Memory

honor and integrate traditional island customs and practices of resourcefulness

HALI’IMAILE PRINICPLES

Cradle to Cradle Design

create a model for environmentally sustainable coastal communities

Goal

to create an environmentally intelligent infrastructure integrated within the organization and pattern of the new community

HALI’IMAILE PRINICPLES

Integrated Water System Goals

•Use water at its optimum level of quality

•Return only clean water to the ecosystem

•Capture organic nutrients from the waste water stream for productive use

•Strive to achieve a water balance on site

HALI’IMAILE PRINICPLES

- deforestation for agriculture

- water diversion by complex irrigation ditch system

- competition for limited water resources by resort, agriculture, and residential uses

HALI’IMAILE

HALI’IMAILE water base case analysis

Inputs

844.22 million gallons of rainfall per year

978.5 million gallons of well water for potable and non-potable use

Outputs

502.6 million gallons to sanitary sewer

525.94 million gallons to storm sewer

Storm Sewer

Source - Well WaterSource - Rain Water

Evapotranspiration/Ground Water Recharge

Sanitary Sewer

HALI’IMAILE water base case analysis

HALI’IMAILE water optimization analysis

Conventional 70 gpddominated by toilets and clothes washers

Optimized 36 gpd clothes washerultra-low flow toilets

Water savings73 m gal /year

HALI’IMAILE water optimization analysis

HALI’IMAILE water optimization analysis

Rainwater Harvest Diagram

HALI’IMAILE water optimization – rainwater harvesting

HALI’IMAILE water optimization – rainwater harvesting

HALI’IMAILE water optimization – rainwater harvesting

Membrane Bioreactor Plant – 4o ft w x 80 ft l x 20 ft h for 200 homes

Recycled water distributed back to end users.

Source: Dover Kohl & Partners

HALI’IMAILE waste water optimization – decentralization strategy

HALI’IMAILE cradle to cardle nutrient flows

Conventional Water Budget

Optimized Water Budget

Comparative Analysis - 70% reduction in well water use - nutrient recapture

- 90% reduction in sanitary water output - 100% reduction in SW effluent

HALI’IMAILE base case and optimization case comparision

EXAMPLES | ALMERE PRINCIPLES

1. Cultivate diversity.

2. Connect place and context.

3. Combine city and nature.

4. Anticipate change.

5. Continue innovation.

6. Design healthy systems.

7. Empower people to make the

city.

Importance of diversity (economic, social, environmental)

Interconnectedness of nature, the city and the region/ecosystem

Design to anticipate change

Social empowerment

Need for a clear identity

What is a cradle to cradle island?

Does it inform the shape?

Can we eliminate the concept of waste on the island?

Can waste liabilities be captured as nutrient assets for use on the island or nearby?

What are the primary building materials? Where are they from? Are they healthy? Can they be recaptured after use? Where will they go?

PAMPUS ALMERE

1.Enhance diversity

2.Create connections

3.See the setting

4.Combine functions

5.Become producer of energy and clean air, water

6.Future-resistent and flexible

7.Show it, make it to be felt and give it character

RWS PRINCIPLES (Draft)

Our goal is a delightfully diverse, safe, healthy and just world — with clean air, water, soil and power — economically, equitably, ecologically and elegantly enjoyed.

“Make It Right”: First Generation

“Make It Right”: Fourth Generation

“Make It Right”: Seventh Generation