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City Talk: What is making ci2es around the world thrive?
Rushanara Ali MP Member of Parliament for Bethnal Green and Bow Shadow Minister for Interna2onal Development
My story
• I was born in Bangladesh in 1975 and moved to the UK at the age of 7 with my family. I grew up in East London, the area I now represent • I was elected as the member of Parliament for Bethnal Green and Bow at the last UK General ElecEon in May 2010 • I am the first person of BriEsh-‐Bengali heritage to be elected to the House of Commons.
• Before becoming MP, I was Associate Director of the Young FoundaEon. Previously, I worked at the CommuniEes Directorate of the Home Office (2002 – 2005), the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (2000-‐2001); as a Research Fellow at the InsEtute for Public Policy Research (1999-‐2002).Assistant to Lord Young of DarEngton. Founder of Young FoundaEon.
Urbanisa2on
• For the first Eme in history, more than half of the world’s people live in ciEes.
• Over 90% of urban growth is occurring in developing countries, which add an esEmated 70 million new urban residents each year.
• The urban populaEon of the world’s two poorest regions, South Asia and Sub-‐Saharan Africa, is expected to double over the next 20 years.
• CiEes account for some 70% of global GDP.
• No country has grown to middle-‐income status without industrialising and urbanising.
London, United Kingdom Dhaka, Bangladesh Johannesburg, South Africa
Economic indicators in London
• esEmates show that the UK economy grew by 0.7% in Q2 2013, following growth of 0.3% in Q1 2013. Since 2007, London has outperformed the rest of the UK economy. • Unemployment rates across the UK increased between Q4 2007 and Q4 2012. London had the lowest increase at 1.8%. Within London the highest unemployment rate for the year to December 2012 was in Newham at 13.2%.
• Prices in the UK are rising faster than wages meaning people are nearly £1,500 a year worse off than they were in 2010.
• Employees on zero-‐hours contracts are being paid 40% less per hour than other employees. As many as 1 million people in the UK could be employed on zero-‐hours contracts.
• The number of unemployed claimants in my consEtuency in July 2013 was 4,785. This represents a rate of 7.2% of the economically acEve populaEon aged 16 to 64, the 97th highest of the 650 UK consEtuencies. 42% children live in poverty and 22,000 people on public housing waiEng list with only 2,000 available social housing properEes available for rent.
Social indicators in London
• In 2011, London had the largest proporEon of people from non-‐White ethnic groups (38.6%) in the UK.
• In 2011, London was the desEnaEon for 28% of all long-‐term migrants to the UK.
• London has the highest proporEon of socially rented housing in England. The proporEon of people living in relaEve poverty is also the highest in the UK.
• In 2010, 24% of homes in London were rented from local authoriEes and social landlords, compared with the UK average of 18%. 26% of homes were privately rented, above the UK average of 17%.
• A fiih of children in London lived in workless households in Q2 2011 (20.7%), the highest proporEon in the UK.
• Crime rates in London are among the highest in England. Police recorded crimes, which include crimes against visitors to London, amounted to 107 per 1,000 populaEon in 2010/11.
• Life expectancy at birth in London was above the UK average in the three-‐year period 2008 to 2010 at 79.0 years for males and 83.3 years for females.
The London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games
The East End of London
Brick Lane, London Columbia Road Flower Market, London Bethnal Green and Bow, London
• Bethnal Green and Bow is an exciEng, dynamic and diverse part of London. Some of the greatest social reforms of the past 100 years -‐ matchgirls strikes 125 years ago -‐ the trade union movement, Suffragekes and the welfare state have come from ideas inspired by the East End and its people. Long history of innovaEon in campaigning, social and poliEcal reform.
• Bethnal Green and Bow is known for its vibrancy, its cultural acEvity, its places and its people. Whitechapel gallery, Columbia Road flower market, and Spitalfields market are just some of the places that akract thousands of locals and visitors from around the world. • long history of migraEon from the Huguenots, Jews, Irish, Pakistanis, Bengalis, to the Somalis to name just a few. Diversity and innovaEon – in the arts, community and civil society organisaEons • But high levels of inequality, Between the glikering towers of the city of London and Canary Wharf and next door to Olympic village – which saw £9billion investment and more investment and jobs to follow – but unemployment went up during the summer of Olympics. Legacy challenge
Innova2ve organisa2ons
Rushanara Ali MP, Alveena Malik and Daw Aung San Suu Kyi promoEng UpRising
David Lammy MP and Rushanara Ali MP with Fastlaners
Studio Schools UpRising
Urbanisa2on in developing countries
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Rana Plaza building collapse in Savar, Bangladesh (April 2013) Kamrangirchar slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh
• Growth rates in Bangladesh are at about 6% a year, according to the World Bank. • Bangladesh is one of Goldman Sachs’ ‘The Next Eleven’ countries which have the potenEal, along with the BRICS, to become the world’s largest economies in the 21st century.
• Over the decade, the number of poor people in Bangladesh declined by 26%. However, in 2010, 31.5% of people in Bangladesh lived under the poverty line.
• Mass urban migraEon that has made Dhaka the world’s most rapidly expanding city. • In 2007, the World Bank esEmated that nearly half of Dhaka's populaEon of more than 12 million live in slums. Other countries – innovaEon even in face of adversity – Lebanon and syrian refugees, PalesEnian camps Nothern Kenya – aier East African famine
Innova2ve solu2ons in Bangladesh
Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank’s borrower-‐owners Flood defence barriers in Kishergonj, Bangladesh
FloaEng vegetable gardens in Kishergonj, Bangladesh
