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International Labor and International Labor and MigrationMigration

By: Raymond Chang, Chi Wei By: Raymond Chang, Chi Wei Zhang, and Allen Yao.Zhang, and Allen Yao.SAS (Students Against SAS (Students Against

Slavery)Slavery)

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Addressing international labor Addressing international labor and migration is an and migration is an importantimportant global issue because it is the link global issue because it is the link to to discriminationdiscrimination against against workers and is the source of workers and is the source of

"brain drain". "brain drain". It can also It can also

eliminateeliminate slavery. slavery.

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Discrimination against migrant Discrimination against migrant workers has increased. workers has increased.

This discrimination is making it This discrimination is making it difficult for migrant workers to get difficult for migrant workers to get jobs.jobs.

http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/2526022/2/istockphoto_2526022_discrimination_candy.jpg

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The difficulty to get jobs is The difficulty to get jobs is countering their main intentions and countering their main intentions and contributing to "brain drain". contributing to "brain drain".

““Developing countries lose 10 to 30 Developing countries lose 10 to 30 percent of skilled workers and percent of skilled workers and professionals through ‘Brain Drain’ ” professionals through ‘Brain Drain’ ” (“Facts on Labour Migration”). (“Facts on Labour Migration”).

Discrimination affects both the Discrimination affects both the developing country’s economy and developing country’s economy and their migrant workers.their migrant workers.

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What is Being Done By the What is Being Done By the ILOILO

International Labor OrganizationInternational Labor OrganizationThe ILO came up with the Decent Work Agenda. The ILO is also The ILO came up with the Decent Work Agenda. The ILO is also

asking companies to use their Plan of Action:asking companies to use their Plan of Action:

Development of a framework for a rights-based approach to labor Development of a framework for a rights-based approach to labor

migration;migration;

Wider application of labor standards;Wider application of labor standards;

Implementation of the ILO Global Employment Agenda;Implementation of the ILO Global Employment Agenda;

Strengthening social dialogue and supporting social protection Strengthening social dialogue and supporting social protection for migrant workers;for migrant workers;

Providing technical assistance worldwide;Providing technical assistance worldwide;

Participation in relevant international initiatives on migration.Participation in relevant international initiatives on migration.

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/strat/yen/images/ilo.jpg

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Child LaborChild Labor

http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.image?id=8901

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Many children are forced to work with dangerous Many children are forced to work with dangerous tools and are subject to harsh treatment. tools and are subject to harsh treatment.

““An estimated 218 million children aged 5-17 An estimated 218 million children aged 5-17 are engaged in child labor, excluding child domestic are engaged in child labor, excluding child domestic labor” labor” (“Côte d'Ivoire(“Côte d'Ivoire””).).

8http://tn4.cn3.yahoo.com/image/1766/89bb33498ef6e42a6d.jpeghttp://tn4.cn3.yahoo.com/image/1766/89bb33498ef6e42a6d.jpeg

Children in a mine

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““Each year, as many as 2.7 million Each year, as many as 2.7 million healthy years of life are lost due to child healthy years of life are lost due to child labor, especially in agriculture” (“Health labor, especially in agriculture” (“Health Issues”).Issues”).

““One quarter of economically active One quarter of economically active children suffer injuries or illnesses while children suffer injuries or illnesses while working, according to an International working, according to an International Labor Organization survey of 26 Labor Organization survey of 26 countries” (“Health Issues”). countries” (“Health Issues”).

10http://www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu/

laborctr/child_labor/img/metal_worker.jpg

http://www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu/laborctr/child_labor/img/match_factory_worker.jpg

Match Factory Worker

Metal Worker

11http://www.american.edu/ted/images4/Slave3.jpghttp://www.american.edu/ted/images4/Slave3.jpg

The back of an abused child laborer

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Child Labor in Cote Child Labor in Cote D’Ivoire (Ivory D’Ivoire (Ivory

Coast)Coast)

13http://edition.cnn.com/EARTH/9705/13/ivory.coast/http://edition.cnn.com/EARTH/9705/13/ivory.coast/

ivory.coast.abidjan.lg.jpgivory.coast.abidjan.lg.jpg

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“Most of the boys come from neighboring Mali, where agents hang around bus stations looking for children that are alone or are begging for food. They lure the kids to travel to Cote d'Ivoire with them, and then the traffickers sell the children to farmers in need of cheap labor (Raghavan, "Lured...")” (Chanthavong).

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“In addition to the nations mentioned previously, two countries that are especially implicated in child trafficking in the cocoa trade are Cote d'Ivoire which is the receiving country, and Mali which serves as the supplier. Cocoa farms in the Cote d'Ivoire are violating children's human rights in two ways: they are involved in trafficking the children and are also the site of forced labor (Save the Children Canada)” (Chanthavong).

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“There are about 600,000 cocoa farms in Cote d'Ivoire (Child Labor Coalition).

Estimates of the number of children forced to work as slaves on these farms are as high as 15,000 (Save the Children Canada).”

(Chanthavong).

http://www.globalexchange.org/images/childlaborercocoa.jpg

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Many of these children survive off corn paste and other unhealthy foods such as burnt bananas.

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MarsMars And Many And Many

OthersOthers

Companies that use cocoa Companies that use cocoa produced by children in Ivory produced by children in Ivory

CoastCoast

See’sSee’s KraftKraft Cadbury'sCadbury's Ben and Ben and

Jerry'sJerry's GodivaGodiva

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Fairtrade = No Child Labor Fairtrade = No Child Labor 1% of chocolate is Fairtrade 1% of chocolate is Fairtrade certified. certified.

http://www.scarabcart.com/shop/cupajoe2/images/FTLogo.jpg

http://thesituationist.files.wordpress.com/2007/08/fair-trade.jpg

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Some retailers that agree to Some retailers that agree to use Fairtrade chocolateuse Fairtrade chocolate

Dunkin DonutsDunkin Donuts Fred MeyerFred Meyer Wild OatsWild Oats Whole FoodsWhole Foods StarbucksStarbucks SafewaySafeway TargetTarget

http://www.scarabcart.com/shop/cupajoe2/images/FTLogo.jpg

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The reason we chose this issue is because The reason we chose this issue is because child labor has been a huge issue for many child labor has been a huge issue for many years.years.

Can you imagine that right now, while Can you imagine that right now, while you listen to this presentation, there are you listen to this presentation, there are millions of children that are working in a millions of children that are working in a dangerous place or with hazardous dangerous place or with hazardous machinery? machinery?

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You TubesYou Tubes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCRKIXHzN14

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0rmdu3XeV4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qZy55XsYtIw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qZy55XsYtIw

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xf6wp3sy76Q

httpwwwimage.cbsnews.comimages20020531image510653x.jpg

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UNICEFUNICEF (United Nations International (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund).Children's Emergency Fund).

UNICEF helps unprivileged children.UNICEF helps unprivileged children.UNICEF is one of the main UNICEF is one of the main

organizations working on eliminating organizations working on eliminating child labor in Cote D’Ivoirechild labor in Cote D’Ivoire

UNICEF

http://www.rso.wmich.edu/unicef/unicef%20offical%20logo.JPG

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What UNICEF is DoingWhat UNICEF is DoingUNICEF tries to eliminate child labor.UNICEF tries to eliminate child labor.UNICEF has been sending supplies to children in UNICEF has been sending supplies to children in

Ivory Coast. Ivory Coast. They have also been training volunteers.They have also been training volunteers.UNICEF has been publishing articles about child UNICEF has been publishing articles about child

labor in Ivory Coast.labor in Ivory Coast.

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLAC/Images/unicef2.jpg

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What We Like About UNICEFWhat We Like About UNICEF

UNICEF manages to keep updated and UNICEF manages to keep updated and allows volunteers to actually take action. allows volunteers to actually take action.

It is different from many other It is different from many other organizations. organizations.

When people actually interact, it makes When people actually interact, it makes the children feel better.the children feel better.

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ActivityActivity

Think over the following questions in Think over the following questions in groups of 4. groups of 4.

How would you feel if you were a child How would you feel if you were a child slave? slave?

What do you think life would be like as a What do you think life would be like as a child laborer in the Ivory Coast? child laborer in the Ivory Coast?

What could you do to help these children? What could you do to help these children?

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In your group, come up and write In your group, come up and write down one way that you can help down one way that you can help prevent or stop child labor in Cote prevent or stop child labor in Cote D’Ivoire onto the poster. Please be D’Ivoire onto the poster. Please be specific.specific.

For example:For example:

Boycotting chocolate products by Boycotting chocolate products by See’s. See’s.

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Once you have written down your idea onto the poster, take a survey and fill it out. Please be honest.

29www.glossynews.com/artman/uploads/child-labor-anti.jpg

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UNICEF is a wonderful organization that has accomplished a great amount in the area of child rights.

Through donations and spreading awareness, we, Students Against Slavery, hope to be like UNICEF and make a difference.

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What can weWhat can we DO DO??

Our AimOur Aim SAS (Students Against Slavery) SAS (Students Against Slavery) wants to raise awareness about the wants to raise awareness about the enslavement of children in Ivory enslavement of children in Ivory Coast.Coast.

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Our MessageOur Message

The more people that are aware of child The more people that are aware of child labor, the more support against child labor labor, the more support against child labor we will have. If there is enough support we we will have. If there is enough support we can eliminate child labor in Ivory Coast.can eliminate child labor in Ivory Coast.

http://pahomeschoolers.c2.ixwebhosting.com/catalog/images/SpeakUp.jpg

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Short Term GoalsShort Term Goals

To raise awareness of child labor in Ivory To raise awareness of child labor in Ivory Coast through a homemade Youtube video Coast through a homemade Youtube video and this 45 minute presentation at SAS and this 45 minute presentation at SAS Pudong.Pudong.

To learn more about the details of child To learn more about the details of child

labor. labor.

Boycotting chocolate products that use Boycotting chocolate products that use cocoa from Ivory Coast.cocoa from Ivory Coast.

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Long Term GoalsLong Term Goals

To rally supporters and direct them to To rally supporters and direct them to organizations which are working on the organizations which are working on the issue of child labor in Ivory Coast.issue of child labor in Ivory Coast.

To work on fighting child labor throughout To work on fighting child labor throughout life. life.

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Stage OneStage One Make various videos concerning child labor Make various videos concerning child labor

in Ivory Coast and have fund raisers to in Ivory Coast and have fund raisers to raise money for donation to organizations raise money for donation to organizations such as UNICEF. such as UNICEF. We want to manage this through-We want to manage this through-

PostersPosters VolunteersVolunteers Educational videosEducational videos FundraisersFundraisers

http://orgs.sa.ucsb.edu/sbdc/pictures/f99_bakesale1b.jpg

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Stage TwoStage Two

Advise the community to boycott items.Advise the community to boycott items.We want to manage this through-We want to manage this through-

Parent talkParent talk The school newspapers The school newspapers The GIN The GIN You tube videos You tube videos

http://www.sasparenttalk.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/pt17-121407-1.jpg

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Stage ThreeStage Three

Form our own after school activity for Form our own after school activity for middle school and high school.middle school and high school.We want to manage this through-We want to manage this through-

Parent talk Parent talk Newspapers Newspapers Posters Posters Mentions in assemblies Mentions in assemblies

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Stage FourStage Four

Stay dedicated. Stay dedicated.

Educate others.Educate others.

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Our WikiOur Wiki

Visit our Wiki for more information about Visit our Wiki for more information about child labor in the Ivory Coast, the child labor in the Ivory Coast, the organizations who help fight child labor, organizations who help fight child labor, what SAS (Students Against Slavery) wants what SAS (Students Against Slavery) wants to do about it, and an educational photo to do about it, and an educational photo story about child labor. story about child labor.

Wiki:Wiki:http://global-challenge.wikispaces.com/+Categories+Hum3+Group+5

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PetitionsPetitions

Child labor: Child labor: http://www.icftu.org/petition.asp?Name=childlabour

Child labor: Child labor: http://www.ipetitions.com/petition/Child_labour/ End Child Labor in Indian Mines and Quarries: End Child Labor in Indian Mines and Quarries:

http://www.petitiononline.com/endcl05/petition-sign.html

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Children are not supposed to be Children are not supposed to be forced to do manual labor. forced to do manual labor.

There are 218 million child laborers There are 218 million child laborers in the world. in the world.

We care because we are also kids; We care because we are also kids; kids who might be working beside kids who might be working beside those children if we were living in those children if we were living in Africa.Africa.

Why This Issue is Important and Why We Care

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If nobody acts to solve this problem If nobody acts to solve this problem immediately, more and more children will be immediately, more and more children will be forced to work. If too many children are forced forced to work. If too many children are forced to work instead of going to school, this issue to work instead of going to school, this issue will start to impact the stability of our society. will start to impact the stability of our society. By then, it would be too late to change the By then, it would be too late to change the way that things are.way that things are.

Why People Should Care and Act

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If you agree with us, please send our message to If you agree with us, please send our message to everyone you know! everyone you know! It’s time for us to make a difference, so do the It’s time for us to make a difference, so do the right thing. right thing. It still isn’t too late to act. It still isn’t too late to act. All children have the right to an education and a All children have the right to an education and a happy childhood. happy childhood. Why do we have to pay the price of poverty. We Why do we have to pay the price of poverty. We didn't create poverty, adults did."didn't create poverty, adults did."Sultana, a twelve-year garment factory worker.Sultana, a twelve-year garment factory worker.

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You can log onto the Global Issues Network to You can log onto the Global Issues Network to communicate with others on this issue as well communicate with others on this issue as well as to find out more ways that you can help. as to find out more ways that you can help. Log onto www.Log onto www.globalglobal--issuesissues--networknetwork.org.org and take action.

For up to date information about child labor in the Ivory Coast, you may visit our wiki at http://global-challenge.wikispaces.com/+Catehttp://global-challenge.wikispaces.com/+Categories+Hum3+Group+5 and look at the RSS gories+Hum3+Group+5 and look at the RSS feed on the main page.feed on the main page.

Other discussion areas include-http://www.blogtoplist.com/rss/child-labor.html

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Bibliography:Bibliography: Audet, Marye. "Traffick Free Chocolate- Do You Support Child Labor?." Audet, Marye. "Traffick Free Chocolate- Do You Support Child Labor?."

HubPagesHubPages. 2007. 30 Jan 2008 . 2007. 30 Jan 2008 <http://hubpages.com/hub/Traffik_Free_Chocolate_Do_You_Support_Child_Lab<http://hubpages.com/hub/Traffik_Free_Chocolate_Do_You_Support_Child_Labor>. or>.

Chanthavong, Samlanchith. "Chocolate and Slavery Child labor in Cote Chanthavong, Samlanchith. "Chocolate and Slavery Child labor in Cote D'Ivoire." D'Ivoire." Chocolate and SlaveryChocolate and Slavery. 2002. Mandala Projects. 14 Feb 2008 . 2002. Mandala Projects. 14 Feb 2008 <http://www.american.edu/ted/chocolate-slave.htm>.<http://www.american.edu/ted/chocolate-slave.htm>.

““Côte d'Ivoire." Côte d'Ivoire." UNICEF.UNICEF. 16 Nov 2004. UNICEF. 23 Jan 2008 16 Nov 2004. UNICEF. 23 Jan 2008< http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/cotedivoire_24138.html >. < http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/cotedivoire_24138.html >.

"Facts on Labour Migration.“ "Facts on Labour Migration.“ ILO.ILO. ILO. 23 Jan 2008 ILO. 23 Jan 2008 <www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---docomm/documents/<www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---docomm/documents/puiblication/wcms_067570.pdf> puiblication/wcms_067570.pdf>

"Health Issues." "Health Issues." Division of Continuing Education.Division of Continuing Education. . The University of Iowa. 30 . The University of Iowa. 30 Jan 2008Jan 2008<http://www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu/laborctr/child_labor/about/<http://www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu/laborctr/child_labor/about/health_issues.html >. health_issues.html >.

"Labour migration in the twenty-first century: E Pluribus Unum?." "Labour migration in the twenty-first century: E Pluribus Unum?." ILOILO. 10 Mar . 10 Mar 2006. ILO. 23 Jan 2008 2006. ILO. 23 Jan 2008 <http://www.ilo.org/global/About_the_ILO/Media_and_public_information/<http://www.ilo.org/global/About_the_ILO/Media_and_public_information/Feature_streies/lang--en/WCMS_067991.index.htm>. Feature_streies/lang--en/WCMS_067991.index.htm>.