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Susa is one of the oldest cities in the world. Excavations have established that people were living at the acropolis in 5000 BCE and have shown the existence of urban structures about 4000, and we can be certain that the town, was already a political center of some importance. Many objects from Susa have found their way to museums in Iran and Europe. The site itself has a nice little museum; other objects can be found in the Louvre (Paris), the British Museum (London), and the Archaeological Museum in Tehran. Elamul cu capitala Susa, unul din cele mai vechi oraşe de pe pământ, în secolul XIII î.Hr. a devenit putere dominantă; includea cea mai mare parte a Mesopotamiei la est de Tigru şi se întindea până aproape de Persepolis.Multe obiecte găsite la Susa au găsit calea spre alte muzee. Susa are un mic muzeu deschis în 1966 însă mai multe obiecte pot fi văzute la Luvru, la British Museum sau la Muzeul Arheologic din Teheran.

Elamite states were among the leading political forces of the ancient near east. In classical literature, Elam was more often referred to as Susiana, a name derived from its capital, Susa.

Elam, care a durat între aprox 2700 î.Hr. până în 539 d.Hr., este una dintre cele mai vechi civilizaţii cunoscute. Elam s-a situat în vestul şi sud-vestul Iranului de azi, precum şi în porţiuni ale sudului Irakului.

Mive (Derakhte konar)

We can catch a glimpse of the beauty of the city in some of the scenes of the Biblical book of Esther, the story of which is situated in Susa, at the court of king Ahasverus (Xerxes)

After the fall of the Achaemenid empire and the reign of Alexander the Great, who married in Susa, the city became part of the Seleucid empire. It was now called Seleucia on the Eulaeus.

Ne putem imagina frumuseţea oraşului citind din Biblie unele scene din Cartea Esterei, acţiunea căreia se petrece la Susa, la curtea regelui Ahasverus (Xerxes). După căderea imperiului Achemenid şi domnia lui Alexandru Macedon (care se căsătoreşte la Susa) oraşul a aparţinut imperiului Seleucid şi s-a numit Seleucia

During the Sasanian age, the city had a large Christian community. It was sacked by the Sasanian king Shapur II, who transferred the population to Iwan-e Karkheh, but Susa was sufficiently recovered in the early seventh century to fight against the Arabs, who nevertheless captured the city.

În timpul dinastiei sassanide în oraş exista o comunitate mare creştină. Oraşul a fost jefuit de regele Shapur al II-lea dar s-a refăcut suficient la începutul secolului şapte pentru a lupta cu invadatorii arabi, care n-au putut cuceri niciodată Susa.

Musée du Louvre, Paris Le code de Hammurabi

The best-known archaeological find from Susa is without any doubt the diorite stele with the Laws of the Babylonian king Hammurabi (1792-1750), which was taken away when the Elamites looted Babylon. The capital of the stele shows how Hammurabi prays to Šamaš, the sun god. The laws are written underneath this picture.

Cea mai cunoscută descoperire arheologică făcută la Susa este fără îndoială stela de diorit reprezentând legile regelui Babilonului, Hammurabi (1792-1750 î.Hr). Pe capiteliul stelei este reprezentat regele rugându-se la zeul Soare Samas, iar mai jos sunt scrise legile.

Musée du Louvre, Paris Le code de Hammurabi

Musée du Louvre, Paris Le code de Hammurabi

Musée du Louvre, Paris Capiteliul unei coloane de la sala de audienţe (Apadana) a palatului lui Darius, Susa, 510 î.Hr.

This colossal capital from one of the 36 monumental columns that supported the roof of the Apadana at Susa is evidence of an architectural tradition that is purely Iranian.The 36 columns of the hall stood 21 meters in height. Each consists of a square base inscribed with the name of the king, and a fluted shaft recalling the Ionian style, surmounted by three successive elements: a basket-like ensemble of palm-fronds borrowed from Egypt, an arrangement of double volutes with rosettes taken from the temple of Artemis at Ephesus, and above this the foreparts of two kneeling bulls, back to back. The beam rested in the gap between the necks of the animals. This pair of bull protomes reproduces an old Mesopotamian motif symbolizing the cosmic equilibrium.

Musée du Louvre, Paris Capital of a column from the audience hall of the palace of Darius, "The Shushan Palace".

Capiteliul unei coloane de la sala de audienţe (Apadana) a palatului lui Darius, Susa, 510 î.Hr.

Musée du Louvre, Paris

Musée du Louvre, Paris These decorative panels of polychrome glazed brick come from the palace of Darius I at Susa. Louvre Museum

Musée du Louvre, Paris

Musée du Louvre, Paris

Musée du Louvre, Paris Susa Achaemenid administrative document

Musée du Louvre, Paris Susa Awan kinglist

Musée du Louvre, Paris

Musée du Louvre, Paris Susa funerary portrait

Musée du Louvre, Paris Susa sasanian cup

Musée du Louvre, Paris Susa royal warrior

Musée du Louvre, Paris Treaty between Naram-Sin of Akkad and Khita (?), king of Awan

Susa, Stele of Adda-hamiti-Inšušinak

Musée du Louvre, Paris Sacrifice of a goat

Many Persian relics are kept in museums across the world. Most of these were looted from Iran due to the negligence of past rulers. The Louvre in Paris is one of the most famous museums of the world housing Persian artifacts. These artifacts attract many visitors every year. The Louvre museum is Iran's second embassy in Paris, said its curator Henri Loyrette. Few French people travel to Iran; however they have been able to view Iran's cultural heritage via exhibitions and displays of ancient Persian artworks which have been regularly set up in the Louvre museum, Loyrette said.

Musée du Louvre, ParisBattle axe, third millennium

Musée du Louvre, ParisSilver rhyton (Achaemenid period)

Musée du Louvre, ParisBanquet scene, third millennium

Musée du Louvre, ParisModel of a sun ritual, reign of Šilkhak-Inšušinak

Musée du Louvre, ParisDedication to Inšušinak

Marble head, probably Greek (Archaeological Museum, Tehran)

Stone fish (Archaeological Museum of Tehran)

Handle of a coffin, Parthian age (Archaeological Museum, Tehran)

DSe (British Museum)A clay tablet with the text by Darius I the Great that is known as DSe: a list of satrapies.

British Museum

Moulded clay figureElamite, about 1400-1200 BCFrom Susa, south-west Iran

Kneeling Bull Holding a Spouted Vessel 3100–2900 BC. Susa, Proto-Elamite period. Metropolitan Museum of Art,

Persian warriors from SusaBerlin Pergamon Museum

Text : InternetPictures: Sanda Foişoreanu Nicoleta Leu Daniela Iacob (Louvre) InternetCopyright: All the images belong to their authors

Arangement: Sanda Foişoreanuwww.slideshare.net/michaelasanda

Sound: Ardavan Kamkar - Dance Of Wind