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Matt Joseph
The DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
The Genocide
Largest Genocide since the Holocaust Conflict between Hutus and Tutsis Uganda got involved for land MONUSCO attempting to create peace
How did it start? Rwanda’s Tutsi government feared Hutu
forces Both engaged in violent acts vs. each
other Rwandan genocide of 1994 forced
Hutus to flee to Zaire (DRC) Rwandan genocide spread to DRC Poor Economy Kabila
Poor Funding of Armies
Zaire was a poor country at the time No funding for armies No consistent export, too many imports
(unfavorable balance of trade) Poor country = bad government Anarchic period until 1995, KABILA
Laurent Kabila
Overthrew current leader Mobutu Came to power due to Tutsi support Became suspicious of other ethnic
groups: Ugandans, Rwandans Rwandan government ordered mass
killings, supported rebel troops First Congolese War (1996-1998)
Ethnic Favoritism
Second Congolese War began due to increasing Hutu-Tutsi tension
DRC – Hutu Ugandan, Rwanda – Tutsi
Laurent Kabila started anti-Tutsi campaigns
Tutsi rebel forces grew larger
More nations join…
Kabila calls upon the help of Namibia, Zimbabwe, Angola, Chad, Libya and Sudan
Leads to the assassination of Laurent Kabila in 2001
His son, Joseph, gets elected president Peace talks start to happen; UN finally
gets “involved”
Failed Peace, more war
In 2002, Kabila attempts peace talks Is somewhat successful (stops official
fighting) Most fighting wasn’t official; terrorist and
rebel groups did most of the massacres Rape started to become a prominent
tactic; degraded women
Rebel Groups
LRA – Lords Resistance Army Led by Joseph Kony FDLR – Democratic Forces for the
Liberation of Rwanda These two groups together have
assassinated and raped over 2,000,000 citizens
EFFECTS
Death and Poverty
Over 5.4 million people died throughout the course of the war
Over 3 million left homeless Of those 3 million, 1.7 were children Children were then forced to become
child soldiers, joined rebel forces (Many members of the LRA are children)
Patriarchal Society
Millions of women mass raped by rebel groups
Went against African culture, women were abandoned
Impregnated and left to die by their own family
Destruction of Land
Little to no agricultural land to farm on There was little farmland in the first
place, rarity now Exports have become even rarer
Transitional Government
A temporary government (Joseph Kabila is still leader) has been put up as they refine their democracy and attempt to straighten out their government
Attempt to stop corruption
Solution 1 – Stop the Rebels Cut the income flow to the rebel groups,
make them get as little resources as possible (gold + salt)
Provide aid for the DRC to get back on track, help them at least get into stable condition
Solution 2 – Get the UN involved Attempt to get the rebel groups to sign a
cease fire through forceful means Proposed by South Africa, if South
Africa fails then the UN must get involved
My Choice
Would be the least violent and would force the rebel groups to stop
Would directly help a country in dire need of money
Would benefit both the Congolese and American economies in the long run (gold + salt trade)
What you can do Be Aware World Health Organization – Disease Women for Women foundation – help
rape victims UNICEF – Nutrition and agriculture Lutheran World Organization –
Agriculture and Human Rights