Name :- Prathamesh P Kadam.

Batch :- U6.

Assessor :- Mr. Dominic Sir.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT :-

Thank you Frankfinn for giving me such a opportunity to present this presentation in front of my colleagues and also special thanks to Mr. Dominic Sir For guiding me towards this presentation.

The Air Travel Industry

Countries.AUSTRALIA Italy

AUSTRALIA.

History of Australia

The History of Australia refers to the history of the area and people of the Common wealth of Australia and its preceding Indigenous and colonial societies. Aboriginal Australians are believed to have first arrived on the Australian mainland by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 40,000 and 70,000 years ago. The artistic, musical and Spiritual traditions they established are among the longest surviving such traditions in human history.

The History of Australia refers to the history of the area and people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding Indigenous and colonial societies. Aboriginal Australians are believed to have first arrived on the Australian mainland by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 40,000 and 70,000 years ago. The artistic, musical and spiritual traditions they established are among the longest surviving such traditions in human history

History of Australia :-

The first known landing in Australia by Europeans was by Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606. Twenty-nine other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century, and dubbed the continent New Holland. Macassan trepangers visited Australia's northern coasts after 1720, possibly earlier. Other European explorers followed until, in 1770, Lieutenant James Cook charted the east coast of Australia for Great Britain and returned with accounts favouring colonisation at Botany Bay (now in Sydney), New South Wales.A First Fleet of British ships arrived at Botany Bay in January 1788 to establish a penal colony. In the century that followed, the British established other colonies on the continent, and European explorers ventured into its interior.

Attractions of Australia :-Attractions of Australia :-

Sydney Opera House.

Melbourne.

Kakadu National Park.

Sydney Harbour Bridge.

Bondi Beach.

Mention "Sydney, Australia" and most people think of the Opera House. Shaped like huge shells or billowing sails, this breathtaking building on Sydney's Bennelong Point graces the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is one of the world's great architectural icons.

Sydney Opera House :-

The location is stunning. Water surrounds the structure on three sides and the Royal Botanic Gardens border it to the south. Danish architect, Jørn Utzon won an international competition for its design, but withdrew from the project after technical and financing problems. Construction was finally completed in 1973 at a cost ten times the original budget.

Sydney Harbour Bridge.Along with the Opera House, the Sydney Harbour Bridge is one of Australia's most famous icons. Affectionately called "the Coathanger", this impressive feat of construction is the largest steel arch bridge in the world. It was completed in 1932, 40 years before the Sydney Opera House. Rising 134 m above the harbor, the bridge spans 500 m connecting Sydney's north shore to the central business district. In addition to the pedestrian path, two railway lines extend over the bridge as well as eight lanes for road traffic, the direction of which can be switched to accommodate traffic flow.

Melbourne. Melbourne, Australia's second largest city, is a popular stop on many Australia itineraries. Galleries, theatres, restaurants, shops, and a distinctly European feel are the main draws of this sophisticated city on the Yarra River. It's also a green city with parks, gardens, and open spaces occupying almost a third of its total area.

Highlights of the city include the Royal Botanic Gardens, the National Gallery of Victoria, and the Melbourne Cricket Ground where sports fans can watch cricket in the summer and Australian Rules football in the winter.

To the east, greater Melbourne extends into the beautiful Dandenong Ranges, and in the south to the Mornington Peninsula where many locals escape for seaside getaways

Melbourne, Australia's second largest city, is a popular stop on many Australia itineraries. Galleries, theatres, restaurants, shops, and a distinctly European feel are the main draws of this sophisticated city on the Yarra River.

Melbourne :-

Melbourne, Australia's second largest city, is a popular stop on many Australia itineraries. Galleries, theatres, restaurants, shops, and a distinctly European feel are the main draws of this sophisticated city on the Yarra River.

Bondi Beach :-Bronzed bodies, blond sand, backpackers, and surf - throw it all together and you get one of the world's most famous beaches Only 15 minutes by car from the city centre, Bondi Beach is home to one of the oldest surf life-saving clubs in the world.

It's also a great spot for a seaside stroll or picnic. The scenic Bondi to Bronte coastal walk begins at the southern end of the beach and follows the coastline for 6 km along sandstone cliffs. Shops, cafes, and restaurants lie across the street from this famous coastal strip, and the beach is a hotspot on Christmas Day and New Year's Eve. Tourists and locals alike visit the Sunday markets and frolic at the ocean pool and skate park.

Kakadu National Park :-

Kakadu National Park, in the Top End or the Northern Territory, is a World Heritage Site and one of the planet's great wilderness areas. Covering more than 19,840 sq km, Kakadu is the largest national park in Australia and the second largest in the world. Within its borders lie monsoon rainforests, mangrove swamps, rivers, gorges, ancient rock paintings, wetlands, and waterfalls as well as an astounding diversity of wildlife. In addition to the many mammals and reptiles, more than 300 different species of birds make their home here, and visitors may spot saltwater crocodiles prowling the wetlands.

Italy. Italy.

History of Italy :-The history of Italy begins with the arrival of the first hominins 850,000 years ago at Monte Poggiolo Italy shows evidence of habitation by anatomically modern humans beginning about 43,000 years ago. It is reached by the Neolithic as early as 6000–5500 BC Cardium Pottery and Impressed ware. The Italian Bronze Age begins around 1500 BC, likely corresponding to the arrival of Indo-European speakers whose descendants would become the Italic peoples of the Iron Age; alongside the early Italic cultures however, the Etruscan civilization in central Italy, Celts in northern Italy and Greek colonies in the south flourished during 8th to 5th centuries BC

Among the Italic peoples, the Latin's, originally situated in the Latium region, and their Latin language would come to dominate the peninsula with the Roman BC. The Roman Republic conquest of Italy in the 3rd century and later the Roman Empire dominated Italy for many centuries, and furthermore established the culture and civilization of Western Europe in general, including the adoption and subsequent spread of Christianity as state religion at the end of 4th century..

Attractions of Italy :-

Vatican Museums.

Roman Forum.

Galleria Vitoria Emanuel ll.

Milan Cathedral.

The Vatican Museum :-Founded by Pope Julius II in the 6th century, the Vatican Museums inside the Vatican City boasts some of the world’s most important relics. Attractions of the museums include the spiral staircase, the Raphael Rooms and the exquisitely decorated Sistine Chapel. Under the patronage of Pope Julius II, Michelangelo painted the chapel ceiling between 1508 and 1512.

Today the ceiling, and especially The Last Judgment, are widely believed to be Michelangelo’s crowning achievements in painting.

The Roman Forum :- Located in the small valley between the Palatine and Capitoline Hills, The Roman Forum (or Forum Romania in Latin) was for centuries the teeming heart of ancient Rome: the site of triumphal processions and elections, venue for public speeches, and nucleus of commercial affairs.

Galleria Vitoria Emanuel II :-Built during the late 1800s, the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II is one of the oldest enclosed shopping malls in the world. With its blue glass vaulted ceilings, mosaic flooring and towering central dome, the mall’s architecture is as stunning as the high-end couture offered in its shops, which include Louis Vuitton, Borsalino and Prada. The shopping centre's popularity as meeting place as earned the Galleria the nickname “il salotto di Milano,” or Milan’s drawing room.

Milan Cathedral :-

One of the most elaborate Gothic cathedrals in Europe is the Milan Cathedral, also known as the Duomo di Milano. Dedicated to Saint Mary Nascent, this cathedral is the largest cathedral in Italy, and the fifth largest in the world. Construction of the cathedral began in 1386 and it was consecrated in 1418

All about ItalyCapital city: Rome

Currency: Euro (EUR)

Local time: GMT + 1

Telephone code: + 39

Bank: Closed on Saturday and Sunday.

Documents required to travel to Australia :- Passport valid for last 6 months. Last 3 years income tax papers. Last 6 months bank statement. Business letter head addressing consulate to grant necessary tourist visa. Photocopy of financial papers like: Property papers. LIC policy. Any investments like fixed deposit, NSC/IVP/KVP etc Share certificates. 2 recent photographs of passport size with white background. Air tickets and confirmed itinerary.

Documents Required to Travel in Italy, France, Spain :-

A valid passport up to 3 months from the expiry of visa.

Schengen Visa.

No compulsory vaccination and immunization needed.

Import regulations:Free import to passengers arriving with goods purchased within the EU which are for personal use only:1. tobacco products:- 800 cigarettesArms and Ammunition regulations::Weapons and ammunition: when arriving in Italy, weapons and ammunition are subject to clearance at the first port of entry. If continuing journey on to another destination either within Italy or to an international connection, weapons are collected on arrival by airport security and delivered to the police office for inspection. Security staff will then take the weapon to the connecting flight.

Baggage Clearance regulations::Baggage is cleared at the airport of final destination in Italy.

Custom Rules For Italy :-

Export regulations::free exportAdditional Information:1. Special permit from the Ministry of Culture is required for:antiquities, art objects (including paintings, sculptures, ancient vases, furniture over 100 years old, etc.) and objects of historical or archaeological interest;2. Only for residents leaving the EU :a. cameras, video cameras, personal computers: an ownership declaration issued by Customs Authorities is recommended;b. furs and skin-articles of protected animals: certificate of temporary export issued by the National Forest Department is required;c. arms and weapons: certificate of temporary export issued by the local Police headquarters in place of residence is required.

Crew members customs regulations::allowed to import up to EUR 20.-. Pets::a. Cats and dogs are subject to Regulation (EC) No. 998/2003 and Regulation (EU) 576/2013 .For more information contact the nearest embassy of Italy.b. Birds are subject to Decision (EC) No. 25/2007. Import License required.Prohibited: import of1. aviary ornamental birds from all countries infected with Avian influenza;2. meat and poultry and derived products from Thailand;3. eggs and white meat from South East Asia;4. live birds of any species (incl. game birds and birds of prey), eggs, feathers, meat or meat products from Croatia, Romania and all Balkan countries.

How is the itinerary prepared by me good for the client ?I Mr. Prathamesh kadam managing director of PRINCE TRAVEL AGENCY .The entire package is planned out considering the requirements of the customer.The countries that are selected for the client is Australia & Italy which are one among the best tourist destinations of the world. The whole trip will be fun packed and Useful for client.The client and his family can enjoy the wide range of cuisine that are provided during the tour.They can explore Melbourne which is one of the best ever known shopping destination.The whole family can relax at its peak in the wide range of beaches at Australia.

Italy has its historical value and the tower of pisa which is well established and a good tourist point.

Australia is also well known for different types of beaches such as the bondi beach, Cottesloe Beach, etc. And also it contains different types of national parks and also a we can see the national animal of Australia that is the kangaroo which is really worth the sight seeing and an ultimate point of relaxation for the entire family

Flight details :- BOM - MEL Mumbai to Melbourne.

Thai Airways INTL LTD# TG318

Departure Mumbai (BOM) 02 Feb 03:05 .

Arrival : Melbourne (MEL) 02 Feb 16:40.

Duration : 13hrs 35min.

Class Economy.

02 Feb 2017

Melbourne to Sydney.

Ansett of Australia# MV816

Departure Melbourne (MEL) 05 Feb 10:00 .

Arrival : Sydney (SYD) 05 Feb 12:30.

Duration : 2 hrs 30 min .

Class Economy.

MEL - SYD

Sydney to Dubai.

Emirates Flight# EK415

Departure Sydney, Australia-Sydney (SYD) 08 Feb 08:15

Arrival : Dubai (DXB) 08 Feb 22:35

Duration: 14hr 20 min

Class : Economy.

SYD - DXB 08 Feb 2017

Dubai to Rome.

Emirates Flight# EK095

Departure Dubai (DXB) 09 Feb 07:50.

Arrival : Rome (FCO) 09 Feb 14:30.

Duration: 6hrs 40 min.

Class : Economy.

DXB - FCO 09 Feb 2017

Rome to Mumbai.

Alitalia Flight# AZ260

Departure Rome (FCO) 14 Feb 10:15

Arrival : Mumbai (BOM) 14 Feb 19:30

Duration: 9hr 15 min

Class : Economy.

FCO - BOM 14 Feb 2017.

Important Points of Australia :-

Airport & Hotel Taxes include. Visa Charge included. Please note that flights mentioned herein are indicative and are subject to change as per the final itinerary, without any prior notice. Do note that a 1-stop flight from the hub you have booked from shall be provided. The flights would be of a similar category/type as mentioned here and the airport-hotel-airport transfers would be taken care accordingly. Return Economy Class Airfare. 3 Nights stay in Sydney. 3 Nights stay in Melbourne. Sydney & Melbourne Shared Airport Transfers. Daily Breakfast (except day 1).

Day 1 : Arrival in Melbourne (02 Feb 2017)

On arrival in Melbourne, board your coach for transfer to your hotel. Check in to the hotel; Enjoy your day at leisure. Your hotel will be centrally located, giving you flexibility to go shopping or explore the culinary delights of Melbourne. Overnight stay at Hotel in Melbourne.

Day 2 :Melbourne :- (03 feb 2017)After a Sumptuous breakfast at hotel. Day is free for you to explore the city on your own. Get fine views of Melbourne e.g. The architectural splendour, including St.Paul Cathedral, Princess & Regent Theatres or just laze around the Federation Square area, or we would Suggest a day trip at the great ocean road . It is amongst world best routes & our top recommendation if you are visiting Melbourne. The route passes through beautiful towns of Lorne and Apollo bay, & takes you to the amazing 12 Apostles. Overnight stay at hotel in Melbourne .

Day 3: Melbourne :- 04 feb 2017After a sumptuous breakfast at hotel, enjoy your day at leisure. Tour trip to Queen Victoria Market for shopping, explore walking tracks besides Yarra river and enjoy evening at one of the restaurants on Southbank or Flinders Street suggested day trip-Phillip island tour. After 90 min drive from Melbourne city, guests here can experience the amazing Penguin parade every sunset. Watching the small creatures march to their nests is very exciting especially for kids. Overnight at Hotel in Melbourne.

Day 4: Transfers from Melbourne to Sydney :-Arrive in Sydney & check into the hotel. Day at leisure, your hotel will be located in central distinct area, not far from China town and Darling harbour. Enjoy both offering multiple dining options in these areas or take a cab to the beautiful Royal Botanical Gardens, offering perfect views of Sydney harbour Overnight at the hotel.

05 feb 2017

Day 5: Sydney Day at Leisure :- 06 feb 2017After a sumptuous breakfast at hotel, a day to explore the city Suggested day-trip Port Stephens. For those who love nature & bit of adventure, this is an amazing full day tour which includes dolphin watch & dunes bashing on quad bike. The 4wd drive on 100ft high sand dunes by the sea is an absolute unique experience. You can consider taking ferry to Manly beach from Circular Quay. Manly beach is laid back beach with multiple eating options nearly. Perfect for easy stroll with kids! Overnight at hotel in Sydney.

Day 6 : Sydney :- 07 Feb 2017After a sumptuous breakfast, for those who love to explore city on foot, tour in Bondi to Coogee walk. This over 6 kms walk starts from the vibrant Bondi beach, involves lot of steps & takes over 3 hours suggested day trip- Blue mountain tour. The tour includes ticket for scenic rides, which also has world sleepiest funicular train ride. Day trip includes Featherdale Wildlife Park return Cruise drops at harbour. Overnight at Hotel in Sydney.

Day 7 ( 08th Feb )– Travel by flight from Sydney – Rome via Dubai.

Airport & Hotel Taxes include. Visa Charge included. Please note that flights mentioned herein are indicative and are subject to change as per the final itinerary, without any prior notice. Do note that a 1-stop flight from the hub you have booked from shall be provided. The flights would be of a similar category/type as mentioned here and the airport-hotel-airport transfers would be taken care accordingly. Return Economy Class Airfare. 3 Nights stay in Rome. 3 Nights stay in Milan. Sydney & Milan Shared Airport Transfers. Daily Breakfast (except day 1).

Important Points of Italy :-

Day 8 : Arrival in Rome :- 09 Feb 2017Upon your arrival in Rome’s Airport you’ll be met by our representative for your Private Transfer to your centrally located hotel in Rome, where you will stay in a standard classic double room on bed ‘n breakfast basis for three-nights. Rest of the Day at your leisure.

Day 9 : Rome :- 10 feb 2017At 9 am take our 3-hrs Best of Rome tour by mini-van & on foot ( max 7 people per van) featuring the highlights of Rome and the Trastevere area, including a coffee break and a visit to the outstanding church of Santa Maria in Trastevere.Pick-up : between 8.30 am and 9 am from your HotelAt 1.00 pm, take our 4-hour Small Group Tour of the Vatican (maximum 12-14 people) with one of our expert guides lasting four-hours and including tickets and reservations so you can avoid standing in line to see the Sistine Chapel & St. Peters Basilica as well as other must-see sights of the Vatican.

Day 10 : Rome :- 11 feb 2017At 8.45 am, join our 3-hour Small Group Walking Tour of Ancient Rome (Maximum 12-14 people). One of our expert guides will lead you on a fascinating stroll through the ruins of the Ancient Roman Forum, Palatine Hill & the Coliseum where you’ll skip the long lines to enjoy a full tour of the interior of Rome’s most famous landmark.

*For some arrival dates the Small Group Ancient Rome & Vatican Tours in Rome will have to be taken on the same day.

Day 11 : Florence :- 12 feb 2017After a leisurely breakfast, you will be met in the lobby of your Hotel by our representative for a Private Transfer from Rome to your centrally located Hotel in Florence where you will be staying for two-night in a standard double room on a bed ‘n breakfast basis. Travelling with an English-speaking driver guide in an air-conditioned Mercedes (or similar make) mini-van during your transfer from Rome to Florence you will enjoy a three-hour stopover in Tuscany en route. You could chose to stop at Siena, the Chianti wine region or the shopping outlets located just south of Florence. Rest of the Day at your leisure.

Day 12 : Florence :- 13 feb 2017

At 10 am, join our Small Group Florence Walking Tour (Maximum 12-14 people) that will include all the must-see sights of the city. Then, with our skip the line tickets, enter the Academia for an in-depth tour of Michelangelo’s David. Rest of the Day at your leisure.

Day 13 : Florence /End of Vacation :-14 feb 2017After a leisurely breakfast, one of our representatives will take you on a Private Car Transfer to Florence’s railway station from where you’ll travel in first-class reserved seats on a Hi-Speed train to Rome, departing Florence at 10.10am and arriving at 11.45 am in to Rome (train schedule to coordinate with your flight schedule out of Rome). Upon arrival in Rome you will have a Private Car Transfer to Rome’s Airport for your flight home.

•Users friendly package to the customer/he can decide•We are giving a tailored package (from home country-back home country)•Destination are familiar so that the tourist never go without visiting that place.•This package includes , and an option to select the meals , porterage and gratuities , airfare ,visa and travel insurance.•Sight seeing , other operators have limited sights, but we offer you an unlimited sight seeing (no time limit)•Accommodation , we used to make accommodation in Cottages/ resorts rather than all times in hotels.•We include all food as per the acknowledgement of the traveller.•We will give discounts over air tickets also . You can even select your seat.

I would like to compare my tour package and for the following reasons are the advantage of my package.

•We recommend ATOL certificate (consumers proof that the trip is protected by ATOL).

•Refundable – cancellation policy .

•0% commission one foreign exchange .

Types of Association :- IATA (International Air Transport Association)

UFTAA (Universal Federation of Travel Agents Association)

PATA (Pacific Area Travel Association)

TAAI (Travel Agents Association of India)

IATA (International Air Transport Association) :-

It was founded by airlines in 1945 to help meet the problems anticipated in the expansion of civil air services after second world war.It is a non-governmental organization & draws its legal existence from a special Act of Canadian Parliament, given by Royal Assent in Dec 1945.In both, its organization & its activity, IATA has been closely associated with ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization).

Active members Associate membersAirlines engaged directly in Those who are offering domesticInternational operations are services are called Associate Active members. Members.

Aims :- To Promote :- Safe, regular & economical air transport for benefit of people of world, to foster air commerce & to study the problems connected there with. To Provide :- Means for collaboration among the air transport enterprises engaged directly or indirectly in international air transport services, To Co-operate :- With International Civil Aviation Organization & other International Organization,

UFTAA (Universal Federation of Travel Agent’s Association) :-

UFTAA was founded in 1996 by the merger of International Federation of travel agencies (IFTA) & the Universal Organization of travel Agents Association (UOTAA). Full members of UFTAA are the national travel agents association or organizations.Apart from full members, the secretary general of UFTAA may register an individual any travel agency, which is...The policy making body of UFTAA is Annual General Assembly which decides on general policy of Federation.The General Secretariat is in Monaco France.The official Languages of UFTAA are English, France & Spanish.

Aims :- To unite & reinforce National Association & organization of travel agents.

To act as an sole representative of travel agency profession at International & Worldwide levels.

To ensure the max possible when prestige, protection & development in economic, juridical & social sphere for tourist trade economy.

Activities of UFTAA :-

The general secretariat maintains a large library at the disposal of all UFTAA members & publishes a monthly bulletin called “Courier”.

UFTAA also provides an insurance policy to travelling public known as “UFTAA EXTRA SURE”.

A Member of national association in a country which does have an UFTAA members. A member of a national association in a country which is member of UFTAA. Located in a country where there is no National Association.

PATA (Pacific Area Travel Association) :-

It was founded in year 1951 to stimulate interest in the pacific region as a vacationland & to develop, promote, facilitate travel to many pacific destinations.The Association has 44 founder members. PATA’s first conference was held in 1952 & its headquarters are established at San Francisco, U.S.A in 1953 . PATA has its own director for Europe who is based in London & works to promote the tourist traffic from Europe an markets of Pacific regions.PATA’s first Asian office was opened in Manila, Philippines in year 1976.“The Pacific Travel News” is relied upon by wholesale & the retail travel agents as an important source of authoritative material of pacific

PATA has produced its first edition of “Pacific Area Destination Handbook” which complies in a single volume all the data that is required for planning & the sale for travel & is the world’s most authoritative & most comprehensive handbook on the 31 pacific destination.

PATA membership :- India which was an Associate member of PATA since 1957, became a full fledged Active member in 1964.

TAAI (Travel Agents Association Of India) :-

The main objective if this association is to safeguard & protects the interest of its members. The registered office is in Mumbai (BOM). It has regional offices at Calcutta, Delhi & Chennai. Once a year they hold a conference at a some place in India where they discuss their problems connected with the industry.

Types of Conventions :-

1) CHICAGO Convention.

2) MONTREAL Convention.

3) WARSAW Convention.

The Chicago Convention:-

In Chicago, in the year 1944 in an international meeting between various governments the Chicago convention on International civil aviation concluded. In this convention nearly all countries are active in international air transport participated. It governs relation between states on technical as well as commercial subject connecting International air transport such as :-

Flying over territory of contracting states customs, rules of the air spread of disease. Nationality of aircraft. Facilitation. Documents. Statistics finance, technical assistance, etc

ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) :-

It is also Known as “Montreal Convention”. ICAO specialized technical agency or united nations, created as a permanent body on April 4 1947, for the purpose of promoting the safe & orderly developing of civil aviation throughout the world. The ICAO also produces technical publications & special studies. The agency has been instrumental in improving meteorically services, air traffic control, air-to-air ground communications search & rescue operations & other measures for safe international flight. The fight against hijacking & terrorist attack & effect of aircraft noise has a special concern to ICAO. The agency headquarters are in Montreal. The ICAO is composed of 185 member nations that meet once every 3 year at a n assembly.

Objectives :-a) Ensure the safe & orderly growth to international civil aviation throughout

the world.b) Encourage the arts of aircraft design & operation for peaceful purpose.c) Encourage the development of the railways airports & navigation facilities

for international civil aviation association.d) Meets the needs of people of the world for safe regular efficient, economical

air transport. e) Prevent Economic waste caused by reasonable competition.f) Ensure that rights of contracting countries are full respected & that every

contracting country has a fair opportunity to operate international airlines.g) Avoid discrimination between contracting countries.h) Promote safety of flight in international air navigation.i) Promote generally the development of aspects of international civil

aeronautic.

Bilateral Agreements :-

These are those agreements which state definitely the rights that the designated carrier will enjoy in the other country. Under these agreements each state appellate its air carrier & sometimes Appellation of more than one carrier is allowed.

These rights which includes rights to over fly or for technical stop or for setting down/pick up of air cargo to the home country or between two foreign countries are known as “freedoms of air”.

Warsaw Convention :-

The burden of proof is this shifted from the claimant where its normally rest & placed on the carrier. The warsaw convention does not handle all legal aspects of the relationship between the airline & passenger condition of contract which is printed. On the passenger tickets include liability which is not handled by the convention. For most journey the convention limits the airlines liability for loss or damage to checked in baggage to about 5 or 9 per pound.

Freedoms of Air :-

The Chicago convention defined “Freedoms of air” which are put into practise as a result of the bilateral agreements between pairs of countries. Most of bilateral agreements have been modelled on the 1946 Bermuda Agreement between UK & USA. Bermuda style agreement aim to give “fair & equal” Commercial opportunities to the countries involved regardless of strength of their airline industries. These traffic rights can be exercised if they are allowed in bilateral agreements. If one agreements is missing the carrier may not have full traffic rights & may loose revenues

First Freedom :-The right of an airline of country (say country ‘A’) to fly across the territory of another country (country ‘B’) without landing.

Second Freedom :-The right of an airline of a country (country ‘A’) to land in the territory of another country (country ‘B’) for non-traffic purposes for instant refuelling crew FDTL Technical malfunctions, etc.

A B C

A B C

Third Freedom :-The right of an airline of a country ‘A’ to set down in another country ‘B’ passenger, mail & cargo coming from the home country of airline (country ‘A’).

Fourth Freedom :-The right of an airline of a country ‘A’ to pick up in another country ‘B’. Passenger, mail & cargo destined for the home country of airline ‘A’.

A B

A B

Fifth Freedom :-The right of an airline of country ‘A’ to carry passenger, mail & cargo country ‘B’ to point of destination in another foreign country ‘C’.

A B C

Conclusion :-

From this topic I Came to know about the both countries Australia and Rome And the customs of both the countries also I came to know about their culture and traditions and also from this presentation I came to know about the various organizations that is the IATA, UFTAA, PATA, TAAI and also about various conventions that is Chicago convention , ICAO and the Warsaw convention and the most important that is the Freedoms of air.