Cause & Effect

Unit 7 & 11

Transitional Device

•Because/Since/As

•Cause [why something happens]

•So

•Effect[consequence of such situation]

Adverb Clause

•Adverb clause

•Main clause + dependent clause

•It rains because frogs croak.

Adverb Clause

•Only dependent clause = fragment

•Because frogs croak. >>fragment

Because

•Indicates why something happens

•Rose is sad because Jack forbids her to go on a cruise.

•Because Jack forbids her to go on a cruise, Rose is sad.

Compound Sentence

•Join two [2] simple sentences using a conjunction

•The company offers a high position. She accepts it.

•The company offers a high position, so she accepts it.

So

•Shows an effect [result]

•Rose can’t swim, so Jack forbids her to go on a cruise.

•You can’t swap the clauses.

Exercise 5

b.We played badly, so we lost the soccer match.

b.We we lost the soccer match because we played badly.

c.I didn’t study hard, so I failed the test.

c.I failed the test because I didn’t study hard.

Exercise 5d.My alarm clock didn’t

work, so I was late for the meeting.

d.I was late for the meeting because my alarm clock didn’t work.

e.I am shy, so I don’t have many friends.

f.I don’t have many friends because I am shy.

Exercise 5

f.I’m tired, so I won’t go to the party.

f.I won’t go to the party because I’m tired.

Exercise 7

b.I don’t exercise because I am too busy.

b.Because I am too busy, I don’t exercise.

Brainstorming

Effect:______

Cause 1:_____

Cause 2:_____

Cause - Effect Paragraph

Rose takes a swimming lesson because of many reasons. [TS]

She wishes to spend her time productively.

She wants to go on a cruise.

She is afraid of drowning.

Supporting Sentences

Brainstorming

Cause:______

Effect 1:_____

Effect 2:_____

Cause - Effect Paragraph

Jack woke up late and the consequences were dire. [TS]

He was late for the job interview.

He didn’t have time for breakfast.

He got stuck in the traffic.

Supporting Sentences

Exercise 9

•TS: However, I [almost] never send any holiday cards.

a.so

b.because

c.Because

Effect

•As a result

•Consequently

•Therefore

•I wanted to travel for a year after high school. Therefore, I didn’t go to college right away.

Pair Interview

•Ideas for narrative

•What happened?

•When did it happen?

•What’s next?

•In the end, how did you feel?

Getting Attention

•Question at the beginning of the paragraph

•Thought provoking

•Stimulate readers to think deeply about the topic in question

Attention

•The right answer is YES

•If the answer is no, it means

•The topic is irrelevant to them

•The question fails to grab the needed attention

Attention

•To get a YES answer, avoid

•Being too easy

•Do you have friends?

•Being too obvious

•Are narcotics bad?