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Budapest The capital city of Hungary

A01 budapest

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Page 1: A01 budapest

BudapestThe capital city of Hungary

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Unification of Buda, Pest and Óbuda:

17 november 1873

Coordinates:

47°28 19″N 19°03 01″E′ ′

Area:

City: 525.16km2

Population (2011):

1.733.685 people

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Budapest has 23 districts.

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The History

The history of Budapest began with Aquincum, originally a Celtic settlement that became the Roman capital of Lower Pannonia.Hungarians arrived in the territory in the 9th century.Their first settlement was pillaged by the Mongols in 1241-1242.

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Following the Battle of Mohács and nearly 150 years of Ottoman rule, Budapest became the focal point of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and the Revolution of 1956.

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Main sightsBuda Castle

Buda Castle is the historical castle and palace complex of the Hungarian kings. It was completed in 1265.

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Matthias Church

According to church tradition, it was originally built in Romanesque

style in 1015. It is officially named as the Church of

Our Lady.The church was restored to its original

13th century state but a number of early original Gothic elements were uncovered.

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Heroes’ Square

Heroes' Square is one of the major squares of Budapest. Its iconic statue complex, the Millennium Memorial was completed in 1900.

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Fisherman’s Bastion

This is a terrace in neo-Gothic and neo-Romanesque style situated on the Buda bank of the Danube, on the Castlehill in Budapest, around Matthias Church. It was designed and

built between 1895 and 1902 on the plans of Frigyes Schulek.

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Hungarian National Museum

The Hungarian National Museum is the national museum of Hungary. The museum

was built in the Classical style between 1837 and 1847 by the architect Mihály Pollack.

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Shoes of the Danube Promenade

It honors the Jews who were killed by fascist Arrow Cross militiamen in Budapest

during World War II. They were ordered to take off their shoes, and were shot at the edge of

the water so that their bodies fell into the river and were carried away. It represents their

shoes left behind on the bank.

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Liberty Bridge

The bridge was built between 1894 and 1896 to the plans of János Feketeházy.

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Spas

The Romans first colonized the area immediately to the west of the River Danube

and established their regional capital at Aquincum (now part of Óbuda, in northern Budapest) in order to utilize and enjoy the

thermal springs.

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There are still ruins visible today of the enormous baths that were built during that

period. The new baths that were constructed during the Turkish period (1541–1686) served

both bathing and medicinal purposes, and some of these are still in use to this day.

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Indeed, in 1934 Budapest was officially ranked as a "City of Spas".

Budapest has 4 famous spas: Király Spa (1565), Rudas Spa, Gellért Hotel and Spa and

Széchenyi Thermal Spa.

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Islands

Margaret Island

The island mostly consists of a park and is a popular recreational area for tourists and

locals alike. Dance clubs, swimming pools, an Aqua park, athletic and fitness centres, bicycle and running tracks can be found

around the island.

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Csepel Island

Csepel Island is the largest island of the River Danube in Hungary. It is 48 km long; its width

is 6–8 km and its area comprises 257 km2.

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Hajógyári Island

Hajógyári Island is a man built island, located in the third

district. This island hosts many activities such as wake-boarding, jet-skiing during the day, and dance clubs

during the night. This is the island where the famous

Sziget Festival takes place. One of the biggest entertainment

centres of Europe.

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Edited by:Edina SiposZoltán BekeAndrás Kiss

Péter Bodzsoni