Presenting Insights and Findings: Oral Presentation CHAPTER21

Learning Objectives:

• How the oral research presentation differs from and is similar to traditional public speaking.• Why historical rhetorical theory has practical influence on

business presentation skills in the 21st century.• How to plan for the research presentation.• The frameworks and patterns of organizing a presentation.• The uses and differences between the types of materials

designed to support your points.

Learning Objectives:

• How proficiency in research presentations requires designing good visuals and knowing how use them effectively• The importance of delivery to getting and holding the

audience’s attention.• Why practice is an essential ingredient to success and how to

do it.• What needs to be assembled and checked to be certain that

arrangements for the occasion and venue are ready.

Model for Presentation

Planning

Artistotle’s Proofs

Aristotle Proofs& the Presentation

EthosPathosLogos

Questions Guide the Plan

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Audience

• Who makes up the audience?• What do they want to learn about?

Content

• Why is this presentation occurring?• How does it connect to the larger picture?

Venue

• When will the presentation take place?• Where will the presentation take place?

Audience Analysis

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Seven Questions to Understand

Your Audience

Who are theyWhy are they hereWhat keeps them up at nightWhy should they care about the presentationWhat do you want them to doShould you expect resistanceHow can you best reach them?

Types of Learners

VisualAuditoryKinesthetic

• Selective Perception• Process Meanings • Imaginative Construction• Audience Construct

Formation• Recency Effect• Primacy Effect

Psychological Principles

Web-based Presentation

Patterns of Organization

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Topical

Spatial

Classification

Climax

Problem/Solution

Chronological

Past/present/future

Cause/effect/solution

Pros/Cons/RecommendationResearch Briefing

Motivated Sequence

Narrative

Visualization Tools

SlidesNotesHandouts

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Simplicity

Clarity

Visual Design Principles

Contrast

Relationship

Rx for Better SlidesLow Word CountAvoid SlideumentsKeep it Simple10-20-30 RuleLarge Font SizeUse Bullets in Moderation

Modes of DeliveryImpromptuMemorizedManuscript ReadingExtemporaneous

Delivery Principles

Avoid ClutterReduce JargonAlign Non-Verbal CommunicationPractice

Non Verbal Admonitions for a Speaker

Eye ContactGestures

Posture & Body LanguageParalanguage

Causes of AnxietyPerceiving audience as judgesPossibility of visible failureNeed to avoid failureUncertainty of ability to do wellFocus on own behavior & appearance

Anxiety Coping

Strategies

• Reduce imagined audience power• Think positive, not negative, outcomes• Put performance in perspective• Control your own performance• Increase knowledge of audience

Speaker Behaviors to

Avoid

VocalSpeak too softlySpeak too rapidlyFail to vary volume, tone, and rate of

speakingFill pauses with you know, um, ah

Speaker Behaviors to

Avoid

PhysicalRock back and forthPace without purposeFiddle with things, hair, jewelry, clothingStare into spaceFail to make eye contactMove cursor without purpose.

Arrangements

FacilitiesVisual ProjectionEquipment

Arrangements Facilities

Meeting Room

Lighting

Electrical Power

Lectern

Temperature

Seating

Arrangements

Visual Projection

Size

Visibility

ProjectionBarriers

Brightness

Arrangements Equipment

Microphone

LCD projector

Video

Video conferencing

/Webinars

Flipcharts/posters

Electronic whiteboards

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